WO2015088465A1

WO2015088465A1 - Rotor of an assembly for converting the energy of fluid media

Info

Publication number: WO2015088465A1
Application number: PCT/UA2013/000148
Authority: WO
Inventors: Анатолий Юрьевич ГАЛЕЦКИЙ; Елена Рувимовна КИБЕНКО
Original assignee: Анатолий Юрьевич ГАЛЕЦКИЙ; Елена Рувимовна КИБЕНКО
Priority date: 2013-12-13
Filing date: 2013-12-13
Publication date: 2015-06-18
Also published as: EA201691234A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor assembly for converting the energy of fluid media. The present rotor assembly has an inner rim (2) rotatably mounted on a shaft (1), and rigid vanes (3) fastened to the outer side of the inner rim (2), wherein the front and rear surfaces (5, 7) of the vanes (3) are formed by identical surfaces which are bent in the same direction, wherein the surfaces (5, 7) of the vanes (3) are formed by a surface of a cylinder truncated along the axis or by a surface of a truncated cone truncated along the axis, and the angle of inclination of the plane formed by the chords (10) of the profile of each vane (3) to the axis of the shaft (1) is from 5° to 43°. The angle between a projection of the line around which the radius of the arc forming the surface of a vane is described onto a plane parallel to said line and passing through the axis of rotation of the rotor and the axis of rotation of the rotor is from 75° to 90°.

Description

Rotor installation for converting energy fluids.

The present invention relates to a rotary installation for converting energy of fluids according to the restrictive part of paragraph 1 of the claims.

A wind power installation is known from US 2007/0013196 A1, having an inner rim mounted rotatably on the shaft, rigid propeller blades mounted on the outer side of the inner rim, installed in the air channel formed by the inner rim and having an air stream shaped like the inside of the open torus. The surface of the propeller blades is formed along a helical line. The axis of the generatrix of the helical surface coincides with the axis of rotation of the propeller. Under the influence of the oncoming air flow, the propeller blades are rotationally driven. The disadvantage of this energy conversion system is the relatively low power of the rotor unit at low fluid speeds.

The objective of the invention is the provision of a rotary installation for converting the energy of fluids with more efficient indicators of the power extracted from the fluids, especially at low speeds of the fluid with the simplicity of design and operating conditions of the rotor installation.

The problem is solved by using the features of the distinctive part of paragraph 1 of the claims of the present invention. Possible embodiments of the claimed rotary installation are presented in the dependent claims. In particular, it was experimentally established that the energy of fluids can be used most efficiently in a rotor installation with blades, the front and back surfaces of which are formed by identical surfaces curved in one direction, and the surfaces of the blades are formed by the surface of a cylinder truncated along the axis or truncated along the axis of the truncated cone, and the angle of inclination of the plane formed by the chords of the profile of each blade to the axis of the shaft, respectively, to the direction of fluid movement, is from 5 ° d about 43 °.

Most preferably, this angle of inclination is from 10 ° to 35 °, or from 15 ° to 30 °. The angle between the projection of the line around which the radius of the arc forming the surface of the blade is described onto a plane parallel to this line passing through the axis of rotation of the rotor and the axis of rotation of the rotor is from 75 ° to 105 °, preferably from 85 ° to 95 °, preferably 90 °. Thanks to this form of execution of the blades, the simplicity of their manufacture is achieved and at the same time the efficiency of their use in a rotary installation is increased. The fluid flow incident on the leading edge of the blade during its advancement from the leading to the trailing edge of the blade repeatedly changes its direction, transmitting part of the blade energy with each change of direction. It was found experimentally that the most optimal for the flow of fluid between the blades is to make both, the front and back surfaces of the blades identical and curved in one direction, and the angle of installation of the blades is the same for all blades. In this case, the rotor blades operate in a sail mode, i.e., any point of the blade has a speed of movement in any direction lower than the speed of the fluid flow. This form of execution of the blades, as well as their location in the rotor installation, can significantly increase the sensitivity of the rotor installation to weak fluid flows, respectively, more efficiently convert the energy of fluid motion into the energy of rotation of the rotor. The shape of the cylinder, part of the surface of which forms the surface of the declared blade, can be a straight cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a parabolic cylinder or a hyperbolic cylinder. This embodiment of the blades allows you to use the claimed rotary installation for converting energy of both gaseous and liquid fluids, choosing the profile of the blade suitable for the corresponding fluid medium. The most important is the identity of the execution of the upper and lower surfaces of the blades curved in one direction. Most preferred is the implementation of the blades of equal length, which is from 30% to 70% of the outer radius of the rotor of the rotor installation, which allows the most efficient use of the energy of weak fluid flows. In this case, the inner rim of the rotor can be made cylindrical with a conical end or conical with the apex of the cone directed against the direction of movement of the fluid, which allows to accelerate the flow of fluid directed to the blades.

The most preferred is the location of the blades on the outer surface of the inner rim so that the degree of filling the total area described by the blades with the projections of the blades on the plane of rotation of the rotor is from 60% of this area and can be increased to 100% of this area and even up to 40% overlap of the blades with each other in this projection. This allows the most optimal use of the claimed invention in fluids having different parameters of density, viscosity, speed and even having different phase states.

Most preferred is a form of execution of the invention with an outer rim mounted on the outer edge of the blades, which allows you to stabilize the position of the individual blades, respectively, to produce blades of smaller thickness, since the mechanical stability of the blades in this case is achieved rigid connection of the rigid blades on the one hand with the internal hard rim, and on the other hand with the external hard rim.

For any of the above embodiments, the radius of curvature of the surfaces of the blades is from 0.6 to 2.0 of the length of the blades in the direction from the inner to the outer rim, mainly from 0.9 to 1.7, the length of the blades, mainly from 1.1 to 1, 5 blade lengths. The radius of curvature of the blades is determined by the intended mode of operation of the rotor installation, namely, the type of fluid, its flow rate, and the geometric characteristics of the rotor installation.

The following figures show embodiments of the invention, which depict: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a rotor without an outer rim,

FIG. 2 - Perspective image made in the form of part of a cylindrical surface of the shape of the blade used in the claimed invention,

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a part of the surface of a truncated cone of the shape of the surface of the blade used in the claimed invention, FIG. 4 - Schematic top view of the inner rim depicted with one blade in side view and one blade in top view,

FIG. 5a is a schematic representation of the location of the possible positions of the midline of the blade along its direction, FIG. 5b is a schematic representation of the location of the possible positions of the midline of the blade across its direction,

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a rotor installation according to the invention with an outer rim.

In FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a rotor 12 of a rotor installation for converting the energy of fluids flowing in the direction of the arrow 22, having an inner rim 2 mounted rotatably on the shaft 1 and rigid blades 3 mounted on the outer side of the inner rim 2 distributed equidistantly around the circumference of the inner rim 2. The surfaces of the blades 3 are formed by the surfaces of the cylinders truncated along the axis, and each blade 3 has two opposite arcuate sections and two opposite intersection sections the front and back surfaces of the blade, and the intersection areas of these surfaces form the front and rear edges, respectively, and the arched sections form the inner and outer edges of the blade 3 and are located radially and at different distances with respect to the axis 15 of the shaft 1. Dashed lines in FIG. 1 shows a part of the housing 30 of the rotary installation, which is made in the form of an opening with tapering inner edges, in which the rotor 12 is mounted with the possibility of its rotation on the shaft 1. The shape of the housing 30 of the rotary installation can vary, or the rotary installation can be used without the housing 30.

The shaft 1 of the rotor installation is functionally connected with an energy-converting device (not shown), which allows converting the mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor into electrical energy. In FIG. 2, perspective view shows a Za blade formed by intersecting the front surface 5 and the rear surface 7 of the Za blade, both of which the surfaces are curved in one direction and formed by the surfaces of the cylinders truncated along the axis and form the leading edge 14 and the trailing edge 16 of the Za blade, and the inner rib 17 and the outer rib 18 that are curved in a circle with the radius of curvature of the blade Za forming the two remaining sides of the quadrangular Za blade. The front surface 5 is formed by the movement of the generatrix along the guide along a cylindrical surface with a radius Ra described around the axis 21 of the first cylinder, and the rear surface 7 of the blade Za is formed by a second cylindrical surface with an identical radius Ra, and the axis of this second cylindrical surface is offset relative to the axis of the first cylindrical surface in side of the blade behind 10% radius Ra. Alternatively, the magnitude of this bias may be from 5 to 15% of the radius Ra. The intersection of the bodies of revolution of the first and second cylinders forms the surface of the blade For with the front edge 14 and the trailing edge 16 of the blade. Alternatively, the cylindrical surfaces of the vanes may be formed by the surfaces of two cylinders with different radii.

The Za blade is made of hard material that can retain its shape, for example, of hard plastic or metal. This form of execution of the blades Za allows you to produce blades by stamping a rectangular sheet of hard material while maintaining its final shape after the processing process. For example, sheet metal or sheet plastic may be used as the material. Further, in FIG. 2, the dashed line shows the chord 10 of the profile of the blade Za connecting the front edge 14 and the trailing edge 16 of the blade Za at a right angle. Since the surface of the blade 3 is formed by the surface of the cylinder truncated along the axis, the chords 10 of the profile of each blade Za are located in the same plane.

The dash-dotted line in FIG. 2 shows the median line 1 1 located in the middle between the front and rear edges 14 and 16 of the blade Za in the plane in which the chords 10 are located. The median line 11 is parallel to the front and rear edges 14 and 16. In contrast to FIG. 2 in FIG. Figure 3 shows the surfaces of the blades 3b formed by the surface of a truncated cone truncated along the axis. The front surface of the blade Zb shown in FIG. 3, moves along an axis with varying radii of curvature Rbl and Rb2, forming arcs of the cross section of a truncated cone.

In FIG. 4, a top view schematically shows the inner rim 2, which is made conical with the apex of the cone directed against the direction of motion of the fluid 22. The inner rim 2 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 1. On the inner rim 2, it is perpendicular to the image plane for a clearer presentation by a solid line the blade 3 formed by the surface of the truncated cylinder is shown with its corresponding chord 10. The midline 11 of the blade 3 and the axis 19, which is the axis of the generatrix, are shown perpendicular to the image plane th surface of the blade 3 of a cylinder with radius Ra. Parallel to the image plane, there is another Za blade with an axis 19a, which is the axis of a cylinder of radius Ra forming the surface of the Za blade and its corresponding midline Pa. The remaining blades are not shown in this figure. The angle of inclination of the plane formed by the chords 10 of the profile of the blade 3 to the axis of rotation 15 of the rotor is 35 ° and can range from 5 ° to 43 ° depending on the parameters of the fluid used. In this embodiment, the radius of curvature of the surfaces of the blades 3 is 1, 3 of the length of the blades 3 from the inner edge 17 to the outer edge 18 along the midline I.

In FIG. 5a schematically shows the axis 15 of the shaft 1 and the location relative to this axis located in the middle between the front and rear edges 14 and 16 of the blade 3 of the median line 11 shown in FIG. 2. As indicated in FIG. 5a, the median line 11 can pass through the axis of rotation of the shaft 1 perpendicular to it, as indicated by the position Pa, and can also be located on one or the other side of this axis at an angle of up to 15 °, as shown by the positions l ib and 1 1с, moreover, this angle is measured between the median line 11 and its projection onto a plane passing through the axis of rotation 15 of the shaft 1 and the middle of the outer rib 18 of the blade 3.

In FIG. 5b shows three examples of possible positions of the midline AND, respectively, of their projections onto a plane passing through the axis 15 of rotation of the shaft

I and the middle of the outer rib 18 of the corresponding blade 3. In particular, the angle between the projection of the median line 1 1 on this plane and the axis of rotation of the shaft 1 is 90 ° for the projection He and can deviate from this position by a maximum of 25 ° to one or the other side as indicated for the projections of the midline 1 Id and 11 f.

It should be noted that those indicated in FIG. 5a and FIG. 5b midline position

I I indicate only the possible location of the blade 3 relative to the axis 15 of the shaft 1 in relation to all the blades 3 of the rotor 12 at the same time. For example, all of the blades 3 can be oriented perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 1, and the median line will pass through this axis 15 of the shaft 1. This situation corresponds to the position of the median line 11, indicated by position 11a in FIG. 5a and position 11e in FIG. 5b. If the same blades 3 are executed deflected backwards, i.e. in the direction of fluid movement, by 15 °, then this position of the blades will correspond to the position of the midline 1 1 shown in FIG. 5a as 1 1a, and in FIG. 5b - as 1 1 f.

In FIG. 6 shows a partial section in perspective of the inventive rotor, in which, in contrast to the embodiment depicted in FIG. 1, on the outer edge 18 of the blades 3, an outer rim 20 is fixed, made across the entire width of the blades in the form of a pipe segment of a cylindrical shape. The width of the outer rim 20 may be wider than the distance between the leading and trailing edges 14, 16 of the blade 3 and protruding from the leading or trailing edges 14, 16 to one and / or the other side, respectively.

Claims

Claim

The rotor of the installation for converting fluid energy, having an inner rim (2) mounted with the possibility of rotation on the shaft (1) and rigid blades (3) fixed to the outer side of the inner rim (2), characterized in that the front and back surfaces (5, 7) the blades (3) are formed by identical surfaces curved in one direction, and the surfaces (5, 7) of the blades (3) are formed by the surface of a truncated cone along the axis of the cylinder or truncated along the axis of the truncated cone, the angle of inclination of the plane formed by chords (10) of the profile of eachthe blades (3) to the axis of the shaft (1) is from 5 ° to 43 °, and the angle between the projection of the line around which the radius of the arc forming the surface of the blade is described onto a plane parallel to this line passing through the axis of rotation of the rotor and the axis of rotation of the rotor, ranges from 75 ° to 90 °.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the plane formed by the chords (10) of the profile of each blade (3) to the axis of the shaft (1) is from 10 ° to 35 °, mainly from 15 ° to 30 °.

3. The rotor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylinder is one of the following types: a straight cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a parabolic cylinder or a hyperbolic cylinder.

4. The rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blades (3) have an equal length along the midline (1 1), which is 30% - 70%, preferably 40% to 60%, preferably 45% to 55% of the outer radius of the rotor (12) of the rotor installation.

5. A rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the midline (1 1) located in the middle between the front and rear edges (14, 16) of each blade (3) to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the shaft ( 1) and the middle of the outer rib (18) of the corresponding blade (3) is from 0 ° to 15 °, preferably from 0 ° to 10 °.

6. A rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the projection located in the middle between the front and rear edges (14, 16) of each blade (3) of the midline (1 1) on a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the shaft (1) and the middle of the outer rib (18) of the corresponding blade (3), to the axis of rotation of the shaft is from 75 ° to 90 °, preferably from 80 ° to 90 °.

7. The rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner rim (2) is conical with the apex of the cone directed against the direction of movement of the fluid.

8. A rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the degree of filling of the total area described by the blades with the projections of the blades (3) on the plane of rotation of the rotor (12) is from 60% of this area to 40% of overlapping of the blades (3) with each other in this projection.

9. The rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the presence of an outer rim (20) fixed to the outer edge (18) of the blades (3).

10. The rotor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the surfaces of the blades (3) is from 0.6 to 2.0 the length of the blades (3), mainly from 0.9 to 1.7 the length of the blades (3), mainly from 1.1 up to 1.5 blade lengths (3).