WO2013170497A1

WO2013170497A1 - Multi-airfoil collecting blade capable of utilizing wind power efficiently

Info

Publication number: WO2013170497A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/076024
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李锋
Original assignee: 甘肃科惠特资源综合开发有限公司; 苏州飞能可再生能源科技有限公司
Priority date: 2012-05-17
Filing date: 2012-05-24
Publication date: 2013-11-21
Also published as: CN102661239A; CN102661239B

Abstract

A multi-airfoil collecting blade capable of utilizing wind power efficiently comprises at least two airfoils and at least one zone formed between the adjacent airfoils. By designing the shape of each airfoil and zone, the adjacent airfoils are enabled to generate a collecting effect on the fluid flowing through the zone between the adjacent airfoils. The zone is a space formed between a rear concave surface of an adjacent air foil in front of the zone and a front convex surface of an adjacent airfoil behind the zone, and the rear concave surface and the front convex surface of the adjacent airfoils are upward and front-biased. The relative orientation of the adjacent airfoils is arranged to enhance the collecting effect, so that the kinetic energy of the fluid flowing through the zone is increased and hence the lifting force of the adjacent airfoil behind the zone is increased, thereby improving the rotor power coefficient of the whole multi-airfoil collecting blade formed by the airfoils and zones.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbines (also known as windmills or wind turbines), and in particular to a wind turbine blade capable of efficiently utilizing wind energy.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The wind energy utilization coefficient of a blade (expressed as Cp, also known as wind energy utilization efficiency) is a manifestation of blade performance. The Cp of the blade is related to the lift generated by the air flowing through the blade airfoil, and the lift generated by the airfoil is streamlined by the structural airfoil. The shape is determined so that the Cp properties of the blade are determined by the shape of the airfoil formed. Increasing the Cp of the blade is the most fundamental technology in the development of high performance wind power technology. The blades of existing wind power products are single-winged, and the airfoil of the airfoil is NACA series for aircraft, SERI series for wind wheel blades, NREL series, RIS O_A series, G0E series and FFA-W series. The single-wing blades composed of these airfoils cannot improve the wind energy utilization efficiency because they have no current collecting effect, which is one of the reasons for the poor performance of the single-wing blades in the middle and low wind speed range.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-wing collecting blade having a relatively high Cp compared to a single wing blade.

Interpretation of related terms used in the description of the present invention:

Aerofoil refers to a two-dimensional shape consisting of a streamlined curve that conforms to certain aerodynamic properties. For example, each vertical section along the span of the wing is referred to as an airfoil. There are types and sizes of airfoils. For example, the NACA4412 and NACA0015 are two airfoils and two airfoils. The two different chord lengths of the NACA4412 are two airfoils, but one airfoil.

An airfoil is a three-dimensional shape consisting of a streamlined surface that conforms to certain aerodynamic properties. For example, a three-dimensional body formed by an envelope surface of a wing and an airfoil. The fins formed by one airfoil are of equal width, and the fins formed by one airfoil are of equal width.

Blade refers to the basic unit of wind turbines that absorbs wind energy. Several of the units are evenly distributed on the circumference of the hub. The blade referred to in the present invention refers to a blade composed of at least two fins, which is still a basic unit for wind turbines to absorb wind energy.

In a two-dimensional space, the fins are reflected as airfoils, so the fins described in three dimensions should be described as airfoils in a two-dimensional space. In order to avoid the flaws in the description, the fins and the airfoil are referred to as wings, in the three-dimensional space, the fins, and in the two-dimensional space.

Azimuth refers to the relative direction and position between adjacent wings.

A domain is an abbreviation for a fluid flow space formed between adjacent wings. The representation method of the multi-wing collecting blade of the invention:

The letter G represents the multi-wing collecting blade, the number n (n 2) represents the number of wings, the number i (i = l, 2, ..., n) represents the number of the i-th wing starting from the head, and the letter f represents The domain between the two wings, ni represents the i-th wing of the n wings, and fij represents the domain between the i-th wing and the j-th wing. For example, G3 represents a three-wing collecting blade composed of a wing 31, a domain 2, a wing 32, a domain f23 and a wing 33, and Gn represents a wing n1, a domain f 12, a wing n2, a wing ni, a domain fij, a wing nj, ..., multi-wing collecting blades composed of wing n (nl), domain f (n_l) n and wing nn.

The object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

A multi-wing collecting blade for efficiently utilizing wind energy, comprising a domain formed between at least two wings and at least one adjacent wing, by arranging the shape of each of said wings and said domain to make adjacent The wing produces a current collecting effect on the fluid flowing through the domain therebetween, the domain being the space formed between the rear concave surface of the front adjacent wing and the front convex surface of the adjacent adjacent wing, and the adjacent wing The rear concave surface, the front convex surface is oriented upwardly; the relative orientation between the adjacent wings is set to enhance the current collecting effect, and the kinetic energy of the fluid flowing through the domain is increased to increase the phase behind the domain The lift of the adjacent wing thereby increasing the wind energy utilization factor of the overall multi-blade blade comprised of the wing and the domain.

The wing is n, consisting of n wings ni (n 2, i=l, 2, , n) and n_l by the domain fij between the wing ni and the wing nj (j=i+ln, i=l , 2, , n_l) constitute a multi-blade blade Gn, the shape design of the domain fi j between the n wings ni and the n-1 wings ni and the wing nj, and the n-1 wings ni a setting of a relative orientation with the wing nj, the field fij being a space formed between the rear concave surface of the wing ni and the front convex surface of the wing nj, and the rear concave surface and the front convex surface are oriented upwardly forward; The wing ni will flow through the fluid of the domain fij to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing nj, providing greater fluid kinetic energy to the boundary layer of the upper surface of the wing nj to reduce laminar flow separation and make the wing The lift of nj is increased, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the multi-blade blade Gn; by modulating the relative orientation between the wing ni and the wing nj, controlling the lift value of the wing nj, thereby controlling the The power of the multi-blade blade Gn.

The wings are n, the wing n1 of the head is defined as the collecting wing C, and the remaining wings ni (i=2, . . . , n) constitute the sub-blade Dm (m=n-1), and the collecting basin F is a set. The domain between the flow wing C and the sub-blade Dm, which is formed by the space between the lower surface of the collecting wing C and the upper portion of the leading edge of the sub-blade Dm, by the collecting wing (:, the collecting basin F and the sub-blade Dm (m=n_l ) constitute a multi-blade blade

Gndm, wherein the sub-blade Dm consists of m wings mi (m=n_l ^ l, i=l, 2, m) and m_l between the wing mi and the wing mj (j=i+lm, i =l, 2, ..., m_l) constitutes, through the collector wing C shape design, m of the wing mi shape design and between the collection basin F and m-1 wings mi and the wing mj The shape of the domain fi j is designed to And the relative orientation between the collecting wing C and the wing ml, the relative orientation between the wing mi and the wing mj, the domain fij being the rear concave surface of the wing mi and the front convex surface of the wing mj a space formed therebetween, and the rear concave surface and the front convex surface are oriented in an upwardly forward direction, so that the collecting wing C flows the fluid passing through the collecting basin F to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing ml, and the wing mi will pass through the domain fi The fluid accumulation flows to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing mj, providing greater fluid kinetic energy to the boundary layer of the upper surface of the wing mi, thereby reducing the laminar flow separation and increasing the lift of the wing mi, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient of the blade Gndm. Cp; Controls the lift value of the wing mi by controlling the orientation of the collector wing C relative to the wing ml and the orientation of the wing mi relative to the wing mj, thereby controlling the power of the blade Gndm.

The shape of a certain type of single wing A is used as the outer contour of the multi-blade blade Gn or Gndm, and the effect is to reduce the resistance of the blade Gn.

The outer contour of the sub-blade Dm in the multi-blade blade Gndm is formed in the shape of a certain one-wing B, and the effect is to reduce the resistance of the sub-blade Dm (m 2).

The above-mentioned multi-wing collecting blade with high efficiency utilizing wind energy fully utilizes the Bernoul li effect effect, and the design is more reasonable, and the blade can generate a collecting effect on the fluid flowing through the domain, thereby improving The wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the multi-blade blade.

DRAWINGS

Figures la, lb, and lc are schematic views of a configuration of the two-wing, three-wing, and four-wing collecting blades G2, G3, and G4 of the present invention, respectively.

2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are schematic views showing a configuration of the two-wing, three-wing, four-wing, and five-wing collecting blades G2dl, G3d2, G4d3, and G5d4 of the present invention, respectively.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the multi-wing collecting blade Gn of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the multi-wing collecting blade Gndm of the present invention.

Figures 5a, 5b, and 5c are schematic views of a configuration of the outer contours of the collecting blades G2, G3 and G4 of the present invention by a certain wing A, respectively.

Fig. 6a is a schematic view showing a configuration of the blade G2dl of the present invention, wherein the sub-blades D1 are single-wing sub-blades. Fig. 6b, Fig. 6c, and Fig. 6d are respectively schematic views showing one of the collecting blades G3d2, G4d3 and G5d4 of the outer contour of the sub-blades D2, D3 and D4 of the sub-blade D1 of Fig. 6a.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of 1 in Fig. 6a, which is a schematic view showing the orientation of the collecting vane G2dl of the present invention with respect to the wing 11 (i.e., the sub-blade D1). Figure 8 is an enlarged view of Ψ 2 in Figures 5a and 6b, showing a schematic view of the orientation of the sub-blade D2 modulating wings 21 relative to the wings 22 of the collecting blade G2 and the blade G3d2 of the present invention.

Figure 9 is an enlarged view of Ψ 3 in Figures 5b and 6c, showing a schematic view of the orientation of the sub-blade D3 modulating wings 32 relative to the wings 33 of the blade G3 and the blade G4d3 of the present invention.

Figure 10 is an enlarged view of Ψ4 in Figures 5c and 6d, which is a schematic illustration of the orientation of the blade G4 and the blade G5d4 of the present invention in which the sub-blade D4 modulates the wing 43 relative to the wing 44.

Fig. l la and Fig. 1 ib are respectively a schematic diagram of the position of the blade Gndm modulation collecting wing C of the present invention relative to the wing ml of the sub-blade Dm and the orientation of the modulation wing mi relative to the wing mj.

Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of the orientation of the blade Gn modulation wing ni relative to the wing nj of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a single-wing blade formed by the sub-blades D1 of the blade G2dl of the present invention.

Fig. 14a and Fig. 14b are schematic views showing a configuration of the outer contour of the blade G4d3 neutron blade D3 and the outer contour of the blade G4d3 constructed by a certain wing A by the wing B of the present invention.

Fig. 14c is an enlarged view of Ω in Fig. 14b as an example, showing a schematic diagram of constructing a blade G4d3 in the shape of a certain wing A.

Figures 14d, 14e, and 14f are schematic views of a stepwise construction blade G4d3.

Fig. 15 is a view showing changes in Cp of the blades G2dl, G3d2, G4d3 and D1 according to the present invention as a function of the angle Θ.

Figure 16 is a flow diagram showing the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of the blade G2dl of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional blade formed by the blade G2dl of the present invention.

Figure 18 is a schematic illustration of another three-dimensional blade formed by the blade G2dl of the present invention.

Figure 19 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional blade formed by the blade G3 of the present invention.

Figure 20 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional blade formed by the blade G4 of the present invention.

Figures 21a and 21b are schematic views of two three-dimensional spiral type blades formed by the blade G2dl of the present invention.

Figures 22a and 22b are schematic views of two three-dimensional Φ-type blades formed by the blade G2dl of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a multi-wing collecting blade for efficient use of wind energy, comprising a domain formed between at least two wings and at least one adjacent wing, by designing the shape of each of said wings and said domain, Enabling adjacent wings to create a current collecting effect on fluid flowing through the domains therebetween, and enhancing the current collecting effect by increasing the relative orientation between the adjacent wings The kinetic energy of the fluid of the domain increases the lift of the wing behind the domain, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the multi-wing blade as a whole; the construction points of the multi-wing collecting blade described above, one is designed The criterion is that each of the wings and the domain formed by the configuration must be such that the fluid flowing through the domain flows in a tangential direction to the upper surface of the adjacent wing behind the domain, such that the shape of the domain must be a space between the rear concave surface of the front adjacent wing and the front convex surface of the rear adjacent wing, and a common feature of both the rear concave surface and the front convex surface portion is a streamlined curve toward the upper front direction, the shape of the domain There is mutual matching between the shapes of the wings adjacent to the two sides; the second is that the relative orientation between the adjacent wings is set to a maximum value for the current collecting effect on the fluid flowing through the domains. Raise the lift of adjacent wings behind the field. In the field of aerodynamics, the shape of the wing is composed of a streamlined curve, and the streamlined curve does not have a corresponding mathematical function analytical expression describing the law of variation of the parameter, which can only be described by the numerical value of the coordinate point, due to the wing and the The mutual matching between the shapes of the domain is relative, so the shape of the wing and the domain conforming to the design criterion structure is not unique, and the description method of the coordinate point value cannot summarize the construction result of the design technique of the present invention. The whole picture. In the shape design of the wing and the domain of the present invention, the above two criteria for the design goal are the key techniques for constructing the multi-wing collecting blade, under the guidance of the two criteria, design The steps are construction → forming → detection → analysis → reconstruction → reshaping → in detection → reanalysis → ... → until the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp is constructed to the average value of the corner Θ is the maximum value <Cp> ma _X corresponding shape 〜 25. 25〜 0. 25。 The present invention has a configuration of the multi-wing collector blade, at a wind speed of 10 m / sec, more than a dozen multi-wing collecting blade <Cp> ma _X reaches 0. 20~ 0. 25 The maximum value Cpmax reaches 0. 35~0. 40, but the shape of the wing and the domain to which they belong and the relative orientation between the adjacent wings are different.

The wings are n, and in turn, the blade N1, the domain fl1, the wing n2, the wing ni, the domain fij, the wing nj, the wing n (nl), the domain f (nl) n and the wing nn constitute the blade Gn, ie From n wings ni (n 2, i=l, 2, , n) and n_l are the domains fij between the wing ni and the wing nj (j=i+ln, i=l, 2, ..., n_l) Forming a blade Gn through the field fij between the n wings ni (n 2, i=l, 2, , η) and the η_1 wing ni and the wing nj (j=i+ln, i= a shape design of l, 2, ..., nl), and a relative orientation between the n-1 wings ni and the wing nj, the domain fij being defined by the rear concave surface of the wing ni and the wing nj A space between the front convex surface portions is formed, and both the rear concave surface of the wing ni and the front convex surface portion of the wing nj are streamlined in which the convex surface faces the upper front direction, so that the wing ni will pass through the domain The fluid accumulation of fij flows to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing nj, providing more fluid kinetic energy to the boundary layer of the upper surface of the wing nj to reduce the laminar flow separation and increase the lift of the wing nj, thereby Increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the blade Gn; by modulating the wing ni phase The lift value of the wing nj can be controlled for the orientation in which the wing nj is located, thereby controlling the power of the blade Gn. It can be seen that the blade Gn of the present invention has a relatively high Cp performance and a function of controlling power, and thus accommodates a wider range of wind speeds. The wings are n, the wing n1 of the head is defined as the collecting wing C, and the remaining wings ni (i=2, . . . , n) constitute the sub-blade Dm (m=n-1), and the collecting basin F is a set. The domain between the flow wing C and the sub-blade Dm is formed by the space between the lower surface of the collecting wing C and the upper portion of the leading edge of the sub-blade Dm, by the collecting wing (:, the collecting basin F and the sub-blade Dm (m=n- 1) constituting a blade Gndm, wherein the sub-blade Dm is composed of a wing ml, a domain f 12, a wing m2, a wing mi, a domain fi j, a wing mj, a wing m (m-1), a domain f (ml) m And wing mm, that is, the domain fij between m wings mi (m=n_l ^ l, i=l, 2, m) and m_l wings mi and wing mj ( j=i+lm, i=l , 2, ..., m) constituted by the collecting wing C and m of the wings mi (m=n_l i=l, 2,..., m) and the collecting basin F and m-1 wings Shape design of the domain fij (j=i+lm, i=l, 2, . . . , m-1) between mi and wing mj, the collector wing C and m of the wings mi (m a relative orientation setting between =nl l, i=l, 2,...), the field fij being formed by the space between the rear concave surface of the wing mi and the front convex surface of the wing mj, and the wing mi Back concave surface and front convex surface of said wing mj Both of them are streamlined with the convex surface facing the upper direction, so that the collecting wing C will concentrate the fluid flowing through the collecting basin F to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing ml, and the wing mi will concentrate the fluid passing through the domain fij to the upper surface of the wing mj. The tangential direction provides more fluid kinetic energy to the boundary layer of the upper surface of the wing mj to reduce the laminar flow separation and increase the lift of the wing mj, thereby increasing the Cp of the blade Gndm; The orientation of the wing ml and the orientation of the wing mi relative to the wing mj can control the lift values of the wings ml and mj, and thus the power of the blade Gndm can be controlled. When !11^2, the sub-blade Dm and the The characteristics of the blade Gn are identical.

A method for designing the multi-wing collecting blade is such that the shape of a certain single wing A is the outer contour of the multi-wing collecting blade, and at least two are connected between the upper and lower surfaces of the single wing A. The strip streamline curve forms at least one slit-shaped space, the convex surfaces of the two streamlined curves are oriented in the upwardly forward direction, and the joint between the two streamlined curves and the upper and lower surfaces of the single wing A is smooth Excessive streamlined configuration, and then removing the portion of the single wing A between the two streamlined curves formed after the fluent structure, the slit space thus formed is the shape of the domain, and the two sides of the domain are retained The portion of the single wing A forms a shape formed by at least two closed streamline curves, each closed streamline curve shape being each of the wings formed by the design; in the design, the criterion for determining the shape is each of the configurations The shape of the wing and the domain enables fluid flowing through the domain to flow in a tangential direction to the upper surface of the wing behind the domain; the criterion for the narrowness of the domain width is the flow through the domain Collecting effect produced can be improved later in the domain maximally lift of the wing, thereby improving the overall power coefficient of the plurality of blades of Cp. The effect of the design method of the shape of the outer contour of the multi-wing collecting blade in the shape of a certain type of single wing A is to reduce the resistance of the multi-wing collecting blade.

The wings are n, in turn by the wing nl, the domain fl2, the wing n2, the wing ni, the domain fij, the wing nj, The wing n (nl), the domain f (nl) n and the wing nn constitute the blade Gn, that is, between n wings ni (n 2, i = l, 2, , n) and n_l between the wing ni and the wing nj The field fij (j=i+ln, i=l, 2, . . . , n_l) constitutes a blade Gn, and the shape of a certain single wing A is the outer contour of the blade Gn, on the single wing A, a streamlined curve connecting the 2 (n-1) strips with the convex surface toward the upper front direction to form n-1 slit-shaped spaces, and two streamline curves forming each of the slit-shaped spaces and the The two joint portions on the upper and lower surfaces of the single wing A are subjected to a streamlined structure with excessive fluency, and the portion of the single wing A in the n-1 slit-shaped spaces formed by the fluent structure is removed, and the space thus constituted Is the shape of n-1 of the domains fij (j=i+ln, i=l, 2, . . . , n_l), and n parts of the single-wing A remaining on both sides of the domain fij form n The shape formed by the closed streamline curve is the n said wings ni (n 2, i=l, 2, ..., n), and the criterion for designing the shape of the wing ni and the domain fi j and the The criterion for judging the width and narrowness of the domain fij is that the wing ni will The condensed flow of the domain fi j to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing nj provides more fluid kinetic energy to the boundary layer of the upper surface of the wing nj to reduce laminar flow separation and make the wing nj The lift is increased, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the blade Gn.

With the same design method, the shape of the single wing B is the outer contour of the sub-blade Dm in the blade Gndm, and the m wings mi of the sub-blade Dm are constructed (m 2, i=l, , m) And m_l the shape of the domain fij (j=i+lm, i=l, 2, . . . , m-1) and the orientation described.

By the same design method, that is, the shape of a certain single wing A is the outer contour of the blade Gndm, and the shape of a certain single wing B is the outer contour of the sub-blade Dm in the blade Gndm, the current is constructed. The shapes of the m wings mi (m 2, i=l, , m) of the wing C and the sub-blade Dm and m_l of the domain fij (j=i+lm, i=l, 2, , m-1) And the orientation described.

The invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

a two-wing G2, a three-wing G3 and a four-wing G4 collecting blade as shown in FIGS. 1a, 1b, and 1c, which respectively include two wings 21, 22, three wings 31, 32, 33 and four wings 41, 42, 43, 44, the fields between adjacent wings are fl2, fl2, f23 and fl2, f23, f34, the shape design of each wing, the streamline matching between the wings and the relative orientation, must be convective Fluid passing through the domains between adjacent wings creates a current collecting effect that increases the kinetic energy of the fluid flowing through the domain to increase the lift of the wings behind the field, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization factor of the overall blade.

As shown in Figure 2a, Figure 2b, Figure 2c, Figure 2d, the two-wing G2dl, three-wing G3d2, four-wing G4d3 and five-wing G5d4 collecting blades, the wing C of the head has special characteristics, whether it is a few wing collecting blades, the head The wing C shape features are the same, only the current collecting function, the lift of its own can not be improved. And the remaining wings act as the power wing characters of the blades, they and The domains between the adjacent wings form sub-blades D2, D3 and D4 having the same characteristics as the corresponding blades in Fig. 1, and also include the case where the sub-blades are one wing D1. The domain between the collecting wing C and the sub-blades D1, D2, D3, D4 is named the collecting basin F. The sub-blade D is changed to d here to emphasize that such a blade is still one of the multi-wing collecting blades of the present invention. The collecting wings C in the blades only serve as a current collecting, which gives the power blades a sub-blade Dm with a larger chord space.

3 and 4 are schematic views of the blade Gn and the blade Gndm of the present invention, respectively, wherein the dotted line shape represents the contour formed by the domain components between the wings and the wing represented by "...", and does not represent the shape of a certain wing. "The blade Gn consists of the wing nl, the domain fl2, the wing n2, the wing ni, the domain fij, the wing nj, the wing n (n-1), the domain f(n_l) n and the wing nn constitute "and" the blade Gndm is set by The flow wing (the domain F between the collecting wing C and the sub-blades, the sub-blade Dm (m=n_l) is composed of the wing ml,

Schematic diagram of the general sense corresponding to the general expression of ± 3⁄4 fl2, wing m2, wing mi, ± 3⁄4 fij, wing mj, wing m (m_l), ± or f (m_l) m Gndm is a leaf Gn with a larger Cp.

The difference between the embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 5 and 6 and the embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 is that the outer contour of the blade shown in Figure 5 is constructed in a certain wing A shape, Figure 6 The outer contour of the sub-blades in the blade is constructed according to a certain wing B shape. When m=l, the sub-blade D1 is a single-wing blade, and the airfoil of the sub-blade D1 is an option of the wing B, wherein some wing A. Some kind of wing B can be some existing airfoil, or it can be some kind of airfoil with better performance in the future. The configuration of the blades shown in Figures 1 and 2 does not require such an outer profile, and the resistance is relatively greater than that of the outer profile winged configuration.

7, 8, 9, and 10 sequentially show enlarged views of the Ψ 1, Ψ 2, Ψ 3, and Ψ 4 portions of the blade shown in Figs. 5 and 6, respectively. The blade G2dl shown in Fig. 6 is composed of the collecting wing C and the wing 11 (i.e., the sub-blade D1). When the position of the collecting wing C relative to the wing 11 is adjusted (shown by a broken line in Fig. 7), Varying the flux and flow rate of the fluid flowing through the header F, and then changing the kinetic energy and flow direction of the fluid flowing to the upper surface of the wing 11, causing the laminar flow separation of the upper surface of the wing 11 and the lift value of the wing 11 to change, thereby modulating the G2dl Cp, to achieve the purpose of controlling power. Similarly, in the blades G2 and G3d2 shown in Figures 5a and 6b, the modulation wing 21 is oriented relative to the orientation of the wing 22 (shown in phantom in Figure 8), and the flux flowing through the domain 2 fluid can be varied. The flow rate, which in turn changes the kinetic energy and flow direction of the fluid flowing to the upper surface of the wing 22, causes laminar flow separation of the upper surface of the wing 22 and changes in the lift value of the wing 22, thereby modulating the Cp of G2 and G3d2 for the purpose of controlling power. In the blades G3 and G4d3 shown in Figures 5b and 6c, the orientation of the modulation wing 32 relative to the wing 33 (shown in phantom in Figure 9) changes the flux and flow rate of the fluid flowing through the field f23, and The kinetic energy and flow direction of the fluid flowing to the upper surface of the wing 33 are changed, so that the laminar flow separation of the upper surface of the wing 33 and the lift value of the wing 33 are changed, so that the Cp of G3 and G4d3 can be modulated to achieve the purpose of controlling the power. In the blades G4 and G5d4 shown in Figures 5c and 6d, The orientation of the modulation wing 43 relative to the wing 44 (shown in phantom in Figure 10) changes the flux and flow rate of the fluid flowing through the field f34, and in turn changes the kinetic energy and flow of the fluid flowing to the upper surface of the wing 44, resulting in The laminar flow separation of the upper surface of the wing 44 and the lift value of the wing 44 are varied, so that the Cp of G4 and G5d4 can be modulated to achieve the purpose of controlling power. In the same manner, the orientation of the current collecting wing C relative to the wing 21, the wing 31, the wing 41, the orientation of the modulation wing 31 relative to the wing 32, the orientation of the modulation wing 41 relative to the wing 42 and the modulation wing 42 are relative. At the same position as the wing 43, the above-mentioned mechanism for acting on the wing 11, the wing 22, the wing 33 and the wing 44 can also achieve the purpose of controlling power.

1a, 1b and 12 respectively show a schematic view of the general orientation of the modulation of the blade Gndm and the blade Gn, the change of the orientation of the modulation collecting wing C with respect to the wing ml is indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 11a The change in the orientation of the modulation wing mi relative to the wing mj is indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 1 ib, and the change in the orientation of the modulation wing ni relative to the wing nj is indicated by the dashed line in FIG.

Shown in Figure 13 is a single wing blade Dl for comparison.

The outer contours of both the sub-blades D3 and the blades G4d3 shown in Figs. 14a and 14b are respectively configured in a certain wing B shape and in a certain wing A shape.

Figure 14c is an enlarged view of Ω in Figure 14b, with the shape of the wing A as the outer contour of the configuration G4d3, connecting 2 (4-1) = 6 between the upper and lower surfaces of the single wing A The streamlined curve from the convex surface indicated by the broken line toward the upper front direction forms three slit-shaped spaces indicated by the hatched areas of the horizontal line, and the streamlined curves on both sides of each of the horizontally shaded areas formed are formed on the wing A The joint portion of the lower surface is fluently streamlined, and the portion indicated by the hatched area is formed, and the three spaces formed by the portions of the wing A in the shaded area and the hatched area are removed. Starting from the leading edge of the wing A, the shape of the watershed F, the domain f 12 and the domain f23 of the sub-blade D3 shown in Fig. 14b is in turn, and the remaining portions of the wing A are in turn the set shown in Fig. 14b. The shape of the flow wing (:, the wing 31 of the sub-blade D3, the wing 32, and the wing 33. The point of the shape configuration of the above-mentioned horizontally shaded area is to determine the flow direction of the fluid in the formation domain to conform to the configuration, the shaded area is The structure is formed a plurality of times, that is, the lower surface of the collecting wing C, the front convex surface of the wing 31, and the rear The concave surface, the front convex surface and the rear concave surface of the wing 32, and the front convex surface of the wing 33 are formed in a plurality of configurations, and the finally formed collecting wing C, the wing 31 of the sub-blade D3 and the wing 32 will pass through the collecting basin F, The fluid flow flowing in the domains f 12 and F23 of the sub-blades D3 flows toward the tangential direction of the upper surfaces of the wings 31, the wings 32 and the wings 33, and the watershed F, the domain 2 and the domain f23 of the sub-blades D3 are narrow or narrow or The relative orientation between their adjacent wings is a significant current collecting effect in the region similar to that between the adjacent wings shown in Figure 16; thus giving the wings 31, wings 32 and the upper surface of the wings 33 of the sub-blades D3 The boundary layer provides more fluid kinetic energy to reduce laminar flow separation and increase the lift of the wings 31, wings 32 and wings 33, The final determined blade G4d3 configuration is the average of the wind angle utilization factor of the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the series of configured collecting wings (:, the wing 31, the wing 32 and the wing 33 of the sub-blade D3 and the corresponding blade G4d3 in the relative orientation is The shape and orientation of the maximum value <Cp>ma _X.

A design method for respectively constructing the wing and the domain to which the blade G4d3 belongs is shown in Fig. 14d, Fig. 14e, and Fig. 14f, and the first step shown in Fig. 14d is to use the single wing A as the outer contour to construct a corresponding <Cp>ma _X The shape and orientation of the collecting wing C, the collecting basin F and the sub-blade D1 ' of the blade G2dl '; the second step shown in Fig. 14e is to determine the sub-blade D1' as the outer contour (similar to the wing B of Fig. 6b) Constructing the wing 2, the domain 2 and the wing 22' of the sub-blade D2', which cooperate with the collecting wing C and the collecting basin F determined in the first step to construct the blade G3d2' neutron blade D2 corresponding to <[>111£^2 The shape and orientation of 'wing 2, domain f 12 and wing 22'; the third step shown in Fig. 14f is to construct the wing 32, the domain f23 and the wing 33 of the sub-blade D3 with the outer contour of the wing 22', which are the same as the One-step determination of the collector wing C and the collection basin? The wing 2 and the domain 2 determined in the second step cooperate to construct a blade G4d3 corresponding to <[>111£^, and the wing 2 is the determined wing 31. The advantage of this step-by-step construction of the wing and domain approach is that it facilitates the analysis of the relationship between shape and orientation and performance.

As shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, the two-wing, three- and four-wing collecting blades G2d1, G3d2 and G4d3 shown in Fig. 6 and the single-winged blade D1 shown in Fig. 13 are used as an embodiment, and a large number of Computational fluid dynamics simulation and experiment, the results show that the Cp of the multi-wing collecting blade has a significant improvement compared with the chord-long single-wing blade D1, especially in the middle and low wind speed range. As shown in Fig. 15, the Cp of the blades D1, G2dl, G3d2, and G4d3 is sequentially increased, and the maximum value of Cp is increased toward the direction of the large corner angle with the number of blade-forming wings. As shown in Fig. 16, the streamline density in the collection basin F is increased, the color is brighter (indicating that the flow velocity is faster) and continues to a length of the upper surface of the downstream wing; this phenomenon embodies that the collector wing C will collect the basin F The kinetic energy of the inner fluid is increased and directed to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the downstream wing. Combining the results of the research shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, it is shown that in the multi-blade configuration of the present invention, between the wings constituting the blade, the upstream wing has a collecting fluid to the downstream wing with respect to the direction of fluid flow. The direction of flow is directed and the downstream wing is provided with a larger kinetic energy fluid, causing laminar separation of the upper surface of the downstream wing to occur at a larger corner and increasing the lift of the downstream wing. This theoretically explains the phenomenon shown in Fig. 15, which proves that the above-mentioned upstream wing and downstream wing can produce a current collecting effect on the fluid. Therefore, the blade of the present invention is named as a multi-wing collecting blade.

17, 18, 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b are schematic views of three-dimensional vanes of the blade G2dl of the present invention, and Figs. 19 and 20 are schematic views of three-dimensional vanes of the vane G3 and the vane G4 of the present invention, respectively. The blades shown in Figures 17, 19 and 20 can be applied as blades of vertical shaft (also known as vertical axis) wind turbines in the form of "H", "Y", "Δ" and "◊"shapes; The concave surface of the blade shown in Fig. 21a faces outward, and the concave surface of the blade shown in Fig. 21b faces inward, they can be applied as A blade of a vertical axis wind turbine like a spiral pattern; the concave surface of the blade shown in Fig. 22a faces inward, and the concave surface of the blade shown in Fig. 22b faces outward, they can be applied as blades of a vertical axis wind turbine like a "Φ"shape; Fig. 18 The blade shown can be applied as a blade for a horizontal axis wind turbine.

The above only enumerates the application of the three types of blades of the present invention. When the blade Gn and the blade Gndm of the present invention have different values of n or m, many types of blades can be formed, which can be applied to the types including the above-mentioned wind turbines. Many types of wind turbines. Considering factors such as wind turbine power and blade manufacturing, transportation and installation costs, the value range of n or m is preferably 2 n 30, l^m^29, in principle, in the range of 16 n 30, 15 m 29 When the blade of the present invention is more suitable for the blade of the high-power wind turbine; in the range of 6 n 15 , 5 ^ m ^ l4 , the blade of the invention is more suitable for the blade of the large medium-power wind turbine; In the range of 10, 3 m 9 , the blade of the present invention is suitable for the blade of the medium power wind turbine; when in the range of 2 n 5 , l^m^4, the blade of the invention is suitable for low power and below Blades of power wind turbines. This also embodies the cost-effective selectivity advantages of the inventive blade.

Claims

Rights request

A multi-wing collecting blade for efficiently utilizing wind energy, characterized in that it comprises a domain formed between at least two wings and at least one adjacent wing, by designing the shape of each of said wings and said domain, Having an adjacent pair of said wings create a current collecting effect on the fluid flowing through said domain therebetween, said domain being the space formed between the rear concave surface of the front adjacent wing and the front convex surface of the adjacent adjacent wing, and The rear concave surface and the front convex surface of the adjacent wings are oriented in an upwardly forward direction; the relative azimuth between the adjacent wings is provided to enhance the current collecting effect, and the kinetic energy of the fluid flowing through the domain is increased to increase The lift of adjacent wings behind the domain, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization factor of the overall multi-blade blade comprised of the wing and the domain.

2. The multi-wing collecting blade according to claim 1, wherein said wings are n, and n wings ni (n 2, i = l, 2, , η) and η-1 The domain fij (j=i+ln, i=l, 2, , n_l) between the wing ni and the wing nj constitutes a multi-wing blade Gn through which the n wings ni and the n_l wings ni and the wing nj The shape design of the field fi j and the relative orientation between the n-1 wings ni and the wing nj, which is formed between the back concave surface of the wing ni and the front convex surface of the wing nj a space, and the rear concave surface and the front convex surface of the adjacent wing are oriented in an upwardly forward direction; causing the wing ni to concentrate fluid flow through the domain fi j to a tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing nj, The boundary layer of the upper surface of the wing nj provides greater fluid kinetic energy to reduce laminar flow separation and increase the lift of the wing nj, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the multi-blade blade Gn; The relative orientation between the wing ni and the wing nj controls the lift value of the wing nj, thereby controlling the power of the multi-blade Gn.

3. The multi-wing collecting blade according to claim 1, wherein said wing is n, the wing n1 of the head is defined as a collecting wing C, and the remaining wings ni (i=2, ..., n The sub-blade Dm (m=n-1) is formed, and the collecting basin F is a domain between the collecting wing C and the sub-blade Dm, which is formed by the space between the lower surface of the collecting wing C and the upper portion of the leading edge of the sub-blade Dm. , the multi-wing blade Gndm is constituted by the collecting wing C, the collecting basin F and the sub-blade Dm (m=n-1), wherein the sub-blade Dm is composed of m wings mi (m=nl l, i=l, 2, , m) and the domain fij (j=i+lm, i=l, 2, ..., m-1) between the m_l wing mi and the wing mj, through the shape of the collecting wing C, m The wing mi shape design and the shape design of the domain fij between the header F and m-1 wings mi and the wing mj, and the relative orientation between the collector wing C and the wing ml, the wing mi With respect to the relative orientation between the wings mj, the field fi j is a space formed between the rear concave surface of the wing mi and the front convex surface of the wing mj, and the rear concave surface and the front convex surface of the adjacent wing are Oriented In the upper direction, the collecting wing C flows the fluid through the collecting basin F to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing ml, and the wing mi flows the fluid passing through the domain fij to the tangential direction of the upper surface of the wing mj to the upper surface of the wing mj. The boundary layer provides greater fluid kinetic energy to reduce laminar flow separation and increase the lift of the wing mj, thereby increasing the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the blade Gndm; by modulating the orientation of the collecting wing C relative to the wing ml The direction of the wing mi relative to the wing mj controls the lift value of the wing mj, thereby controlling the power of the blade Gndm.

The multi-wing collecting blade according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the shape of a certain single wing A is taken as the outer contour of the multi-blade blade Gn or Gndm.

The multi-wing collecting blade according to claim 3, characterized in that the shape of a certain single wing B is taken as the outer contour of the sub-blade Dm in the multi-blade blade Gndm.

The multi-wing collecting blade according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the n wings of the multi-blade Gn have a value range of 2 n 30 .

7. The multi-wing collecting blade according to claim 6, wherein said n wings of said multi-wing blade Gn have a value ranging from 2 n 5 .

The multi-wing collecting blade according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the n wings of the multi-wing blade Gndm have a value ranging from 2 n 5 to 1 m 4 .

9. A multi-wing collecting blade according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that said n wings of said multi-wing blade Gndm have a value in the range of 6 n 15 , 5 m 14 .

The multi-wing collecting blade according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that said n wings of said multi-wing blade Gndm have a value ranging from 16 n 30 to 15 m 29 .