WO2013117737A1 - Élément de fondation à profondeur variable pour tour d'éolienne - Google Patents

Élément de fondation à profondeur variable pour tour d'éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013117737A1
WO2013117737A1 PCT/EP2013/052610 EP2013052610W WO2013117737A1 WO 2013117737 A1 WO2013117737 A1 WO 2013117737A1 EP 2013052610 W EP2013052610 W EP 2013052610W WO 2013117737 A1 WO2013117737 A1 WO 2013117737A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
foundation element
accordance
central portion
foundation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/052610
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Miguel Ángel FERNÁNDEZ GÓMEZ
José Emilio JIMENO CHUECA
Original Assignee
Inneo Torres, S.L.
Esteyco Energia S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inneo Torres, S.L., Esteyco Energia S.L. filed Critical Inneo Torres, S.L.
Publication of WO2013117737A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013117737A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to foundation elements for wind turbine towers.
  • Said foundation elements also have the particularity of having variable depths, that is, they have a curve or vertex along their length and so do not follow a straight line.
  • the main sector of application of the present invention is the construction sector, especially concrete, in combination with the renewable energy or green industry, specifically wind power.
  • wind turbines are devices capable of generating electric energy with currents of air.
  • Said wind turbines are large dimension constructions comprising a tower that has a turbine deployed on the top portion .
  • wind turbines usually have a height of 60 to
  • the wind turbines are equipped with large rotor blades (usually between 20 to 45 meters) and with elements such as the rotor and the outer shell (often called a nacelle) , which have a significant mass .
  • a wind turbine has a very high total weight, normally on the order of 150 to 300 tons.
  • the wind turbine foundations known in the state of the art are structures joined at their top part to the portion of the wind turbine tower, while the bottom part is buried up to a certain depth or, alternatively, supported on the ground on which it is built. This manner enables them to transfer loads to the ground, so guaranteeing tower stability.
  • Said foundations are frequently (although not exclusively) made of reinforced concrete and are commonly (although not exclusively) shoe type direct foundations.
  • Shoes are structures that enlarge the support surface of a construction moment element (that is, an element having a notably superior height than the dimensions of its base, such as, for example, a wind turbine tower) until the ground can support the load being transmitted without difficulty. Shoes are, therefore, elements that distribute the load over quite a large ground surface.
  • the dimensions of the footprint of the wind turbine shoe should be larger than the diameter of the tower, usually reaching an average extension on the order of 10x10 m to 20x20 m (depending, naturally, on the wind turbine tower dimensions and the specific conditions in the case at issue) .
  • shoes usually have a square shaped footprint (although other shapes may also be adopted, such as for example, polygonal, oval or round, this last example having a diameter of 12 to 14 m) .
  • Their edge is usually straight (which simplifies excavation and construction procedures) , said edge usually having a length of between 2 and 4 meters.
  • the a wind turbine shoe has very large dimensions, which results in its construction costs likewise being very high, normally between 25,000 and 400,000 Euros.
  • variable depth shoes have recently been proposed in the art, the bottom surface of which is completely horizontal, and on which the top surface is horizontal at the central portion and inclined downward on the sections comprising the area between each of its lateral edges and said central portion.
  • variable depth shoes have recesses in the lateral portions of their top surface enables reducing the amount of material needed for its construction and, therefore, lowers the installation costs of a wind turbine.
  • variable depth shoes may not be completely horizontal prevents said portion of the shoe from being used as an assembly or pre-assembly surface for the wind turbine tower.
  • a separate assembly or pre-assembly surface would normally be necessary, which would increase costs and construction time.
  • piles which are introduced into the ground until a competent stratum is reached.
  • Said piles are normally made of concrete, although they may also be steel, wood or improved soil, among others.
  • the top portion of said piles (normally called the head) is integrated into an additional foundation element, called a pile cap, which in turn is joined to the structure by its top central portion.
  • pile caps with constant or variable depths are also known in the state of the art, however, said pile caps, as mentioned above, also have drawbacks similar to those described above in the present document.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a foundation element, with variable depth, for wind turbine towers, that solves all of the aforementioned problems of the prior art.
  • the present invention proposes a foundation element for a wind turbine tower having a completely horizontal top surface that is joined to the bottom portion of a wind turbine tower, and having a bottom surface that is supported by the ground (or sunk into said ground to a certain depth) comprising a horizontal central portion and upwardly inclined sections comprising the area between each of their lateral edges and said central portion.
  • the foundation elements in accordance with the present invention have recesses in the lateral portions of their bottom surface, which enables reducing the amount of material required for its construction, thus lowering costs.
  • the specific configuration of the foundation element in accordance with the invention simultaneously enables its top surface, being completely horizontal, to be used as an assembly or pre-assembly platform for the components of the wind turbine tower.
  • the shoe excavation reduces the risk of detachment because, thanks to the specific configuration of said foundation element, it is no longer necessary to remove the portion of soil located underneath the top edges of the hole.
  • the foundation elements in accordance with the invention may be any foundation elements, as long as they are interposed between the base of a wind turbine and the building site, and specifically include both a complete shoe of a surface foundation, such as a pile cap of a deep foundation.
  • foundation elements in accordance with the invention may have any plan view, for example, square, circle, polygon, etc., on the condition that the depth always varies in the aforesaid specified manner.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic lateral view of a variable edged foundation shoe with the top surface inclined, in accordance with prior art
  • Figures 2a and 2b show a lateral schematic view and a plan view, respectively, of a foundation element in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figures 2c and 2d show schematic plan views which display two alternate embodiments of the foundation element displayed in Figures 2a and 2b;
  • Figures 3a and 3b show a lateral schematic view and a plan view, respectively, of a foundation element in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3c shows a schematic plan view of an alternate embodiment of the foundation element displayed in Figures 3a and 3 .
  • Figure 1 shows air turbine shoe with variable depth 10, in accordance with the prior art, in which the top portion is joined, in this specific embodiment, to base 20 of wind turbine tower 30, said shoe 10 being, furthermore, buried in earth 40, over which it is built in such a way that its top surface is substantially flush with the ground.
  • Bottom surface 12 of shoe 10 is completely horizontal while central portion 14a of the top surface is horizontal, inclining downwards along sections 14b and 14c, each one comprising the area between each one of their lateral edges and said central portion 14a.
  • Figure 2a shows a foundation element, in this case a shoe 10 for an air turbine tower in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, in which the top portion is joined to base 20 of wind turbine tower 30, said shoe 10 being, furthermore, buried in earth 40, over which it is built in such a way that its top surface is substantially flush with the ground.
  • top surface 14 of shoe 10 is the one which is completely horizontal, whereas only central portion 12a of the bottom surface is horizontal and forms vertices at the intersection of said central portion 12a with each one of sections 12b, and 12c of the bottom surface.
  • Said bottom surface sections 12b, 12c are comprised between one of the lateral edges and said central portion 12a and, in this embodiment, are straight and inclined upwards.
  • the completely horizontal shape of top surface 14 of shoe 10 enables said top surface 14 to be used as a pre- assembly or storage platform of, for example, tower sections 60 (shown with dashed lines in figure 2a) .
  • Figure 2b shows shoe 10 having a square shape in accordance with this embodiment of the invention.
  • said figure also represents (with dashed lines) each one of the edges provided on bottom surface 12a, 12b, 12c of shoe 10, which are shaped by the intersection of sections 12b, 12c with central portion 12a (which corresponds to the central square of the dashed lines) .
  • Figure 2c shows an alternate embodiment of the invention in which shoe 10 has a circular shape.
  • Figure 2d shows another alternate embodiment of the invention in which shoe 10 has a polygonal (octagonal) shape.
  • said figure also shows (with dotted lines) each one of the edges provided on bottom surface 2a, 12b, 12c of shoe 10, and shaped by the intersection of sections 12b, 12c with central portion 12a (which corresponds to the octagon represented by dashed lines in the figure) .
  • Figure 3a shows a foundation element, in this case a deep foundation pile cap 10, for a wind turbine tower in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention, the top portion of which is joined to the bottom portion of wind turbine 30, said pile cap 10 being further joined to piles 15 deployed in a radial manner.
  • a foundation element in this case a deep foundation pile cap 10
  • the top portion of which is joined to the bottom portion of wind turbine 30, said pile cap 10 being further joined to piles 15 deployed in a radial manner.
  • Pile cap 10 is completely buried in earth 40 on which tower is being built.
  • top surface 14 of pile cap 10 is the one which is completely horizontal, whereas only central portion 12a of the bottom surface is horizontal and forms vertices at the intersection of said central portion 12a with each one of sections 12b, and 12c of the bottom surface.
  • Said bottom surface sections 12b, 12c are comprised between one of the lateral edges and said central portion 2a and, in this embodiment, are straight and inclined upwards .
  • top surface 14 of shoe 10 enables said top surface 14 to be used as a pre-assembly or storage platform of, for example, tower sections 60 (shown with dashed lines in figure 3a) .
  • Said top surface 14 is covered with filler material 50 when there is no longer any need to use it as a pre-assembly or storage platform.
  • pile cap 10 in accordance with this embodiment of the invention has a circular plan.
  • central portion 12a of bottom surface 12a, 12b, 12c of said pile cap 10 corresponds to the central circle drawn with dashed lines, and each one of piles 15, to which said pile cap 10 is joined, corresponds to one of the smaller circles drawn with dashed lines and arranged on the periphery of the pile cap.
  • Figure 3c shows an alternate embodiment in which pile cap 10 has a polygonal (octagonal) shape.
  • Said figure also represents (with dashed lines) each one of the edges provided on bottom surface 12a, 12b, 12c of pile cap 10, and shaped by the intersection of sections 12b, 12c with central portion 12a (which corresponds to the octagon represented by dashed lines in said figure) .
  • the circles traced in dashed lines correspond, in turn, to each one of piles 15, to which pile cap 10 is joined.
  • foundation elements in accordance with the invention be they shoes or pile caps, with plans having different geometric shapes.
  • a pile cap type foundation element can be provided, for example, with a square shaped plan.
  • top surface of a foundation element in accordance with the invention may or may not be covered with soil when there is no longer any need to use the top surface of said foundation element as a pre-assembly or storage platform.
  • pile cap in accordance with the invention can be joined to different types of piles, for example, concrete steel or wood piles or columns of improved soil, such as gravel columns, Deep Soil Mixing or similar.

Abstract

Elément de fondation de tour à profondeur variable, caractérisé en ce que sa surface supérieure est complètement horizontale et est assemblée à la partie inférieure d'une tour d'éolienne, et en ce que la partie centrale de sa surface inférieure est horizontale et s'incline vers le haut le long de sections comprenant la zone entre leurs bords latéraux et ladite partie centrale.
PCT/EP2013/052610 2012-02-08 2013-02-08 Élément de fondation à profondeur variable pour tour d'éolienne WO2013117737A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201230184 2012-02-08
ES201230184A ES2418705B1 (es) 2012-02-08 2012-02-08 Elemento de cimentación, de canto variable, para torre de aerogenerador

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013117737A1 true WO2013117737A1 (fr) 2013-08-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/052610 WO2013117737A1 (fr) 2012-02-08 2013-02-08 Élément de fondation à profondeur variable pour tour d'éolienne

Country Status (2)

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ES (1) ES2418705B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013117737A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132082A (en) * 1975-05-04 1979-01-02 Stanley Merjan Piling
AU2043883A (en) * 1982-10-20 1984-05-03 Hedley, I.M. Precast footing block for piles
US20030170123A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-09-11 William E. Heronemus Vertical array wind turbine
FR2916248A1 (fr) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-21 Georges Alexandroff Application d'un procede de construction par le bas a la construction d'un support, et ensemble convertisseur eolien

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4432800A1 (de) * 1994-08-31 1996-03-07 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Windkraftanlage
WO2006097108A1 (fr) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-21 Densit A/S Système de fondation de tour et procédé pour mettre à disposition un tel système
CN201232193Y (zh) * 2008-07-16 2009-05-06 钱自力 岩石地基上风力发电塔架基础锚桩结构
CN201474361U (zh) * 2009-04-23 2010-05-19 北京国电水利电力工程有限公司 一种地面式自立型钢制调压塔

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132082A (en) * 1975-05-04 1979-01-02 Stanley Merjan Piling
AU2043883A (en) * 1982-10-20 1984-05-03 Hedley, I.M. Precast footing block for piles
US20030170123A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-09-11 William E. Heronemus Vertical array wind turbine
FR2916248A1 (fr) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-21 Georges Alexandroff Application d'un procede de construction par le bas a la construction d'un support, et ensemble convertisseur eolien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2418705B1 (es) 2014-06-04
ES2418705A1 (es) 2013-08-14

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