WO2011158350A1 - Variable pitch device - Google Patents

Variable pitch device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011158350A1
WO2011158350A1 PCT/JP2010/060230 JP2010060230W WO2011158350A1 WO 2011158350 A1 WO2011158350 A1 WO 2011158350A1 JP 2010060230 W JP2010060230 W JP 2010060230W WO 2011158350 A1 WO2011158350 A1 WO 2011158350A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
hinge
variable pitch
angle
hub
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PCT/JP2010/060230
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直樹 柿
道代 北野
Original Assignee
A-Wingインターナショナル株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2010/060230 priority Critical patent/WO2011158350A1/en
Publication of WO2011158350A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011158350A1/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224Adjusting blade pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/79Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable pitch device, and more particularly to a variable pitch device of a propeller type wind power generator.
  • this type of wind power generator is a system in which propeller blades are rotated using wind force and the generator is rotated by the rotational force to generate power.
  • the big issue is how to absorb and control it well. For example, in the case of strong winds such as typhoons, the propeller blades rotate more than necessary, and if the power generation device continues to operate as it is, it may lead to failure of the device itself or it may be dangerous. Or the method of stopping was common.
  • the mechanism for changing the pitch of the propeller blades is a complicated structure such as a hydraulic unit, a piston and a link mechanism, which increases the cost and requires a large amount of expenses for maintenance.
  • a wind turbine generator has been proposed that has blade tilting means for tilting the propeller blade in the drive axis direction, and controls the rotation by tilting the blade in the drive axis direction by the blade tilting means (see Patent Document 1).
  • blade tilting means for tilting the propeller blade in the drive axis direction
  • the blade tilting means controls the rotation by tilting the blade in the drive axis direction by the blade tilting means
  • flap mechanism that is provided with a pitch actuator for rotating the blade on the blade shaft of the windmill, and that has a spring that normally oscillates the blade shaft while holding the blade shaft swingably with the flap shaft (See Patent Document 2).
  • the wind turbine generator proposed in Patent Document 1 tilts the propeller blades in the direction of the drive axis, it can be used in a down window (propeller blades are arranged on the leeward side), and an upwind (windward side).
  • the propeller blades cannot be used.
  • the flap mechanism described in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which the pitch angle of the blade is changed by rotating in a cylindrical member that rotatably holds the blade shaft, and is attached by a spring through the cylindrical member. Therefore, it is necessary to make fine adjustments for each blade, and the structure is complicated and expensive.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a variable pitch device that can automatically change the pitch angle of a blade with a simple structure.
  • variable pitch device of the present invention is a variable pitch device for a propeller-type wind power generator, and includes a hub to which a plurality of blades are attached, a hinge that is attached to a blade attachment position of the hub at a predetermined attachment angle, and the hinge And a blade that swings along the rotation axis direction, and a biasing member that biases the base end portion of the blade located on the rotation axis side of the hinge in the hub direction, The tip of the blade swings along the direction of the rotation axis against the urging force of the urging member, and the pitch angle of the blade increases or decreases via the hinge.
  • the tip of the blade swings in the leeward direction against the urging force of the urging member due to wind pressure, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased or decreased via the hinge.
  • the tip of the blade swings in the windward direction against the urging force of the urging member by centrifugal force, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased or decreased via the hinge.
  • the biasing member includes a spring material provided by being wound in the axial direction of a rotation center shaft provided upright at a central position of the hub, and one end side of the spring material. It has a contact member which contacts a base end part, and a fixed member which is provided in the other end side of the spring material, and compresses the spring material.
  • the hinge mounting angle is characterized in that the hinge axis of the hinge is set to a predetermined angle counterclockwise with respect to the center line of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is reduced by wind pressure or centrifugal force.
  • the hinge mounting angle is characterized in that the hinge shaft base of the hinge is set to a predetermined clockwise angle with respect to the center line of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased by wind pressure or centrifugal force.
  • variable pitch device of the present invention a plurality of blades are attached to the hub via hinges, and the base end portion of the blade is urged toward the hub by the urging member.
  • the tip portion swings along the rotation axis direction, and has an excellent effect that the pitch angle can be automatically increased or decreased.
  • the urging member includes a spring material provided by being wound in the axial direction of the rotary shaft provided upright at the center position of the hub, and a base end portion of the blade provided on one end side of the spring material. Since it has an abutting member that abuts and a fixing member that is provided on the other end side of the spring material and compresses the spring material, it is possible to bias a plurality of blades in the hub direction with a simple structure. . Since the amount of swinging of the tip of the blade can be adjusted by adjusting the urging force of the urging member in advance, it has an excellent effect of not selecting the blade mounting direction (down window or up window).
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a movable state of the variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a movable state of the variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing rotation speed control by the variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • 6A is a diagram showing a movable state of the variable pitch device of FIG.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a movable state of the variable pitch device of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing rotation speed control according to another embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the movable state of the variable pitch device of the present invention
  • FIG. It is a graph which shows the state which controls the blade rotational speed by this variable pitch apparatus.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are diagrams showing a mechanism for reducing a pitch angle of a propeller type wind power generator provided with a variable pitch device of the present invention.
  • 1 is a plan view
  • FIG. 2 is a front view
  • FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a movable state of the variable pitch device
  • FIG. 3B is a front view showing a movable state of the variable pitch device.
  • the variable pitch device 1 includes a hub 3 for mounting three blades 2 of a propeller type wind power generator, a hinge 4 attached to the hub 3, a blade 2 attached via the hinge 4, and the blade 2.
  • a biasing member 6 for biasing the base fixing member 5 in the direction of the hub 3.
  • three blades 2 are equally arranged around the rotation shaft 7, and are fixed to the hub 3 by a hinge 4 via a base fixing member 5 as a base end portion of the blade 2. It is supposed to be rotatable.
  • the hinge 4 is located at the base end of the blade 2, and one end of the hinge 4 is attached to the base fixing member 5 with the hinge shaft 9 having a predetermined counterclockwise angle with respect to the center axis 8 of the blade 2, and the other end
  • the side is attached to a mounting base 10 provided on the hub 3.
  • the base fixing member 5 extends from the base end of the blade 2 toward the rotational axis 7 along the direction of the hinge axis 9 of the hinge 4.
  • the attachment angle of the hinge 4 is 15 degrees.
  • a blade having a shape with a pitch angle of 4 ° at the tip of the blade 2 was used.
  • a biasing member 6 that biases the base fixing members 5 of the plurality of blades 2 in the direction of the hub 3 is provided on the windward side of the blade 2.
  • the urging member 6 is provided with a spring material 12 that is provided by being wound in the axial direction of a rotation center shaft 11 that is provided standing at the center position of the hub 3, and one end side of the spring material 12 that is provided on one end side of the blade 2.
  • An abutting member 13 that abuts on the base fixing member 5 and a fixing member 14 that is provided on the other end side of the spring material 12 and compresses the spring material 12 with a predetermined biasing force are configured.
  • the fixing member 14 is regulated so as not to move upward by a nut 15 screwed into the male screw portion of the rotation center shaft 11.
  • the fastening member 14 presses the spring material 12 by tightening the nut 15 along the male screw portion in the direction of the hub 3. That is, by tightening or loosening the nut 15, the compression amount of the spring material 12 is displaced, and the urging force of the urging member 6 can be adjusted.
  • variable pitch device 1 When the above-described variable pitch device 1 is used to generate power by the propeller-type wind power generator, the three blades 2 are rotated by the wind pressure, and the wind speed increases and the rotation speed increases. Then, when a predetermined wind pressure is applied to the blade 2, the tip end side of the blade 2 is displaced to the leeward side, so that the entire blade 2 rotates around the hinge shaft 9 of the hinge 4. At this time, since the hinge shaft 9 of the hinge 4 has a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis 8 of the blade 2, the blade 2 is twisted with respect to the central axis 8 of the blade 2. Rotate to decrease.
  • the base fixing member 5 of the blade 2 resists the bias of the spring material 12 so that the contact member 13 is separated from the hub 3. It is displaced to. Therefore, the blade 2 starts to rotate around the hinge shaft 9 according to the urging force of the urging member 6.
  • the pitch angle of the blade 2 decreases, and the rotational speed of the blade 2 converges at a constant speed.
  • the pitch angle at the tip of the blade 2 was changed from 4 ° to 3 ° at a wind speed of 3 m, and decreased as the wind speed further increased.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing a state in which the blade rotation speed of the propeller type wind power generator using the variable pitch device of the present invention is controlled.
  • the A line shows an example of a fixed pitch
  • the B line shows an example in which the pitch angle decreases
  • the C line shows an example in which the pitch angle increases.
  • the vertical axis represents the rotation speed
  • the horizontal axis represents the wind speed.
  • line B shows a change in the rotational speed of the blade by the variable pitch device shown in this embodiment.
  • the wind speed was about 400 rpm near 3 m / s, and decreased to near 300 rpm as the wind speed increased and became almost constant.
  • the pitch angle at the tip of the blade at a wind speed of 3 m / s was 3 °.
  • Line C shows changes in blade rotation speed due to a variable pitch device in which the hinge mounting angle is set to a predetermined angle clockwise with respect to the central axis of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased by wind pressure. ing.
  • the wind speed was about 300 rpm in the vicinity of 3 m / s as in the B line, and increased to near 400 rpm as the wind speed increased and became almost constant.
  • the pitch angle at the tip of the blade at the wind speed of 3 m / s was 6 °, and the pitch angle increased each time the wind speed increased.
  • variable pitch device three blades are attached to the hub via the hinge, and the base end portion of the blade is urged toward the hub by the urging member.
  • the tip portion swings in the leeward direction, and the pitch angle can be automatically increased or decreased.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are perspective views showing a movable state of the variable pitch device.
  • the variable pitch device 21 of the present embodiment is used for a propeller type wind power generator provided with a blade 22 in the leeward direction.
  • the variable pitch device 21 is attached to the hub 25 via a hinge 24 in a state where the blade 22 is inclined by about 15 ° from the direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis 23.
  • the variable pitch device 21 of the present embodiment is arranged in the order of the hub 25, the blade 22, and the urging member 28 from the windward side.
  • the attachment structure of the blade 22 and the hub 25 and the attachment structure of the urging member 28 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, an example in which the pitch angle of the blades 22 is reduced by centrifugal force will be described.
  • FIG. 6A and 6B show a state in which the propeller type wind power generator equipped with the variable pitch device of the present invention receives wind and the blade 22 rotates to change the pitch angle of the blade 22 according to the wind speed. Yes.
  • FIG. 6A shows before change
  • FIG. 6B shows after change.
  • the blade 22 receives wind at a predetermined wind speed
  • the blade 22 rotates around the rotation shaft 23, and centrifugal force is generated in the blade 22.
  • FIG. 6B the distal end side of the blade 22 is displaced to the windward side by centrifugal force, so that the entire blade 22 rotates around the hinge shaft 27 of the hinge 24.
  • the hinge shaft 27 of the hinge 24 has a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis (not shown) of the blade 22, the blade 22 is twisted with respect to the central axis of the blade 22. It rotates so that the pitch angle decreases. Further, when the entire blade 22 is rotated around the hinge shaft 27, the base end portion of the blade 22 is displaced to the leeward side against the bias of the spring material 26. Therefore, the blade 22 starts to rotate around the hinge shaft 27 according to the urging force of the urging member 28. As described above, the blade 22 rotates about the hinge shaft 27, whereby the pitch angle of the blade 22 decreases, and the rotational speed of the blade 22 becomes a substantially constant value.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing a state in which the blade rotation speed of the propeller type wind power generator using the variable pitch device of the present invention is controlled.
  • a line indicates an example of fixed pitch
  • B line, C line, and D line indicate examples in which the pitch angle decreases, and the strength of the spring material increases in the order of D line, C line, and B line.
  • the vertical axis represents the rotation speed
  • the horizontal axis represents the wind speed.
  • the rotation speed of the blade increases in proportion to the wind speed as indicated by line A.
  • the B line, the C line, and the D line indicate changes in the rotation speed of the blade by the above-described variable pitch device.
  • the wind speed is about 300 rpm near 3 m / s, and the wind speed is around 5 m / s. It became about 350 rpm.
  • the amount of change (decrease) in the pitch angle at the tip of the blade at the wind speed of 5 m / s was about 7 °.
  • the example in which the pitch angle of the blade is decreased has been described.
  • the pitch angle may be increased.
  • the hinge mounting angle may be set to a predetermined angle opposite to that of the variable pitch device shown in FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B with respect to the central axis of the blade.
  • variable pitch device includes a hub for mounting a plurality of blades, a hinge attached to the blade attachment position of the hub at a predetermined angle, and attached via the hinge along the rotational axis direction by wind pressure.
  • a variable pitch device that can automatically change the pitch angle of a blade with a simple structure because it comprises a swinging blade and a biasing member that biases the base end of the blade in the hub direction. Can do.
  • the amount of compression of the spring material is displaced and the biasing force of the biasing member is adjusted by tightening or loosening the nut along the male screw portion in the hub direction.
  • the case has been described, it is not limited to this case.
  • the compression amount of the spring material 12 can be displaced steplessly by tightening or loosening the fixing member itself as a nut, or the biasing force can be adjusted by replacing the spring member itself. May be.
  • the urging member urges the base fixing member as the base end portion of the blade has been described.
  • the present invention is not limited to this case.
  • the base fixing member and the blade may be formed integrally, and the biasing member may be configured to bias the base fixing member formed integrally with the blade in the hub direction.
  • the base fixing member may be omitted, and one end side of the hinge may be extended to the urging member, and the urging member may be configured to press a part of the one end side of the hinge in the hub direction. One end side of this is the base end of the blade.
  • ⁇ It can be used for both propeller type wind power generators with a blade mounting direction of downwind or upwind.

Abstract

A variable pitch device enables the pitch angle of blades to be automatically changed using a simple configuration. A variable pitch device (1) for a propeller type wind power generator comprises: a hub (3) to which blades (2) are attached; hinges (4) attached at a predetermined angle to the positions of the hub (3) to which the blades are attached; blades (2) attached through the hinges (4) and pivoting along the rotation axis; and a pressing member (6) for pressing toward the hub (3) the base ends of the blades (2), the base ends being located closer to the rotation axis than the hinges (4). The tips of the blades (2) pivot along the rotation axis against the pressing by the pressing member, and this increases and decreases the pitch angle of the blades (2) through the hinges (4).

Description

可変ピッチ装置Variable pitch device
 本発明は、可変ピッチ装置に関しとくにプロペラ型風力発電装置の可変ピッチ装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a variable pitch device, and more particularly to a variable pitch device of a propeller type wind power generator.
 近年、地球の環境を守るという気運が高まりつつある中で電気エネルギー創造の面でもクリーンなエネルギー創造である風力発電への関心が高まり、より簡単な構成でより安全性の高いそして効率のよい風力発電装置が求められている。 In recent years, as the mood to protect the environment of the earth has been increasing, interest in wind power generation, which is also a clean energy creation in terms of electrical energy creation, has increased, and a safer and more efficient wind power with a simpler configuration There is a need for a power generator.
 従来、この種の風力発電装置においては、風の力を利用してプロペラ羽根を回転させその回転力により発電機をまわして発電するシステムであり、自然の風の力をシステムの中で如何に旨く吸収し制御するかが大きな課題である。例えば、台風などの強風の場合はプロペラ羽根が必要以上に回転し、そのまま発電装置を運転し続けると装置自体の故障につながったり危険でもあるので、プロペラ羽根のピッチを変化させ、回転を落とすかあるいは停止させる方法が一般的であった。 Conventionally, this type of wind power generator is a system in which propeller blades are rotated using wind force and the generator is rotated by the rotational force to generate power. The big issue is how to absorb and control it well. For example, in the case of strong winds such as typhoons, the propeller blades rotate more than necessary, and if the power generation device continues to operate as it is, it may lead to failure of the device itself or it may be dangerous. Or the method of stopping was common.
 しかしながら、上記のプロペラ羽根のピッチを変化させる機構としては、油圧ユニットとピストン及びリンク機構等の複雑な構造であり、コストアップとなると共に、保守のために多大の経費を必要とした。 However, the mechanism for changing the pitch of the propeller blades is a complicated structure such as a hydraulic unit, a piston and a link mechanism, which increases the cost and requires a large amount of expenses for maintenance.
 そこで、プロペラ羽根を駆動軸方向に傾斜させる羽根傾斜手段を有し、この羽根傾斜手段により羽根を駆動軸方向に傾斜させ回転を制御する風力発電装置が提案されている(特許文献1参照。)。また、風車のブレード軸にブレードを回転するためのピッチアクチュエータを設けるとともに、ブレード軸をフラップ軸で揺動自在に保持し、さらにブレード軸を正常に付勢するスプリングを備えたフラップ機構もある(特許文献2参照。)。 Therefore, a wind turbine generator has been proposed that has blade tilting means for tilting the propeller blade in the drive axis direction, and controls the rotation by tilting the blade in the drive axis direction by the blade tilting means (see Patent Document 1). . There is also a flap mechanism that is provided with a pitch actuator for rotating the blade on the blade shaft of the windmill, and that has a spring that normally oscillates the blade shaft while holding the blade shaft swingably with the flap shaft ( (See Patent Document 2).
特開平09-79127号公報JP 09-79127 A 特開2001-221145号公報JP 2001-221145 A
 しかしながら、上記特許文献1に提案されている風力発電装置は、プロペラ羽根を駆動軸方向に傾斜させるためダウンウインド(風下側にプロペラ羽根を配置)での使用が可能であり、アップウインド(風上側にプロペラ羽根を配置)には使用できないという問題点があった。また、上記特許文献2に記載のフラップ機構は、ブレード軸を回転自在に保持する円筒状部材内で回転してブレードのピッチ角が変わる構造であり、またこの円筒状部材を介してスプリングによる付勢を行なうため、ブレードごとに微調整を行なう必要があると共に、構造が複雑となり高価であるという問題点もあった。 However, since the wind turbine generator proposed in Patent Document 1 tilts the propeller blades in the direction of the drive axis, it can be used in a down window (propeller blades are arranged on the leeward side), and an upwind (windward side). However, there is a problem that the propeller blades cannot be used. Further, the flap mechanism described in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which the pitch angle of the blade is changed by rotating in a cylindrical member that rotatably holds the blade shaft, and is attached by a spring through the cylindrical member. Therefore, it is necessary to make fine adjustments for each blade, and the structure is complicated and expensive.
 本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑みなされたもので、簡単な構造で、自動的にブレードのピッチ角度を変更できる可変ピッチ装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a variable pitch device that can automatically change the pitch angle of a blade with a simple structure.
 このため本発明の可変ピッチ装置は、プロペラ型風力発電装置の可変ピッチ装置であって、複数のブレードを取付けるハブと、該ハブのブレード取付位置に所定の取付角度で取付けられるヒンジと、該ヒンジを介して取付けられ、回転軸方向に沿って揺動するブレードと、前記ヒンジよりも回転軸側に位置する前記ブレードの基端部を前記ハブ方向に付勢する付勢部材とを有し、前記ブレードの先端部が前記付勢部材の付勢に抗して回転軸方向に沿って揺動し、前記ヒンジを介して前記ブレードのピッチ角度が増減することを特徴とする。 Therefore, the variable pitch device of the present invention is a variable pitch device for a propeller-type wind power generator, and includes a hub to which a plurality of blades are attached, a hinge that is attached to a blade attachment position of the hub at a predetermined attachment angle, and the hinge And a blade that swings along the rotation axis direction, and a biasing member that biases the base end portion of the blade located on the rotation axis side of the hinge in the hub direction, The tip of the blade swings along the direction of the rotation axis against the urging force of the urging member, and the pitch angle of the blade increases or decreases via the hinge.
 また、前記ブレードの先端部は風圧によって前記付勢部材の付勢に抗して風下方向に揺動し、前記ヒンジを介して前記ブレードのピッチ角度が増減することを特徴とする。
 また、前記ブレードの先端部は遠心力によって前記付勢部材の付勢に抗して風上方向に揺動し、前記ヒンジを介して前記ブレードのピッチ角度が増減することを特徴とする。
The tip of the blade swings in the leeward direction against the urging force of the urging member due to wind pressure, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased or decreased via the hinge.
The tip of the blade swings in the windward direction against the urging force of the urging member by centrifugal force, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased or decreased via the hinge.
 また、前記付勢部材は、前記ハブの中央位置に立設して設けられた回転中心軸の軸方向に巻回して設けられたバネ材と、該バネ材の一端側に設けられ前記ブレードの基端部と当接する当接部材と、前記バネ材の他端側に設けられ前記バネ材を圧縮する固定部材とを有することを特徴とする。 Further, the biasing member includes a spring material provided by being wound in the axial direction of a rotation center shaft provided upright at a central position of the hub, and one end side of the spring material. It has a contact member which contacts a base end part, and a fixed member which is provided in the other end side of the spring material, and compresses the spring material.
 また、前記ヒンジの取付角度は、該ヒンジのヒンジ軸が前記ブレードの中心線に対して反時計回りの所定角度とし、風圧若しくは遠心力によって前記ブレードのピッチ角度を減少させることを特徴とする。 The hinge mounting angle is characterized in that the hinge axis of the hinge is set to a predetermined angle counterclockwise with respect to the center line of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is reduced by wind pressure or centrifugal force.
 また、前記ヒンジの取付角度は、該ヒンジのヒンジ軸基部が前記ブレードの中心線に対して時計回りの所定角度とし、風圧若しくは遠心力によって前記ブレードのピッチ角度を増加させることを特徴とする。 The hinge mounting angle is characterized in that the hinge shaft base of the hinge is set to a predetermined clockwise angle with respect to the center line of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased by wind pressure or centrifugal force.
 本発明の可変ピッチ装置によれば、ハブに複数のブレードがヒンジを介して取付けられ、さらにブレードの基端部を付勢部材によってハブ方向に付勢されているため、風圧または遠心力によってブレード先端部が回転軸方向に沿って揺動し、自動的にピッチ角度を増減させることができるという優れた効果を有する。 According to the variable pitch device of the present invention, a plurality of blades are attached to the hub via hinges, and the base end portion of the blade is urged toward the hub by the urging member. The tip portion swings along the rotation axis direction, and has an excellent effect that the pitch angle can be automatically increased or decreased.
 そして、付勢部材は、ハブの中央位置に立設して設けられた回転軸の軸方向に巻回して設けられたバネ材と、該バネ材の一端側に設けられブレードの基端部と当接する当接部材と、バネ材の他端側に設けられバネ材を圧縮する固定部材とを有しているため、簡単な構造で複数のブレードをハブ方向に付勢することが可能である。予め付勢部材の付勢力を調節することによってブレードの先端部の揺動量を調整できるためブレードの取付け方向(ダウンウインド或いはアップウインド)を選ばないという優れた効果を有する。 The urging member includes a spring material provided by being wound in the axial direction of the rotary shaft provided upright at the center position of the hub, and a base end portion of the blade provided on one end side of the spring material. Since it has an abutting member that abuts and a fixing member that is provided on the other end side of the spring material and compresses the spring material, it is possible to bias a plurality of blades in the hub direction with a simple structure. . Since the amount of swinging of the tip of the blade can be adjusted by adjusting the urging force of the urging member in advance, it has an excellent effect of not selecting the blade mounting direction (down window or up window).
 さらに、ヒンジの取付角度を反時計回り、または時計回りを選択して使用することが可能であり、ブレードの先端部の揺動に伴うピッチ角度の増減を選択できるという効果を有する。 Furthermore, it is possible to use the hinge mounting angle by selecting counterclockwise or clockwise, and there is an effect that the increase / decrease of the pitch angle accompanying the swinging of the blade tip can be selected.
図1は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置の一実施例を示す平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention. 図2は、図1の正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 図3Aは、本発明の可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す図である。FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a movable state of the variable pitch device of the present invention. 図3Bは、本発明の可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す図である。FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a movable state of the variable pitch device of the present invention. 図4は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置による回転速度制御を示すグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing rotation speed control by the variable pitch device of the present invention. 図5は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置の他の実施例を示す側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention. 図6Aは、図5の可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す図である。6A is a diagram showing a movable state of the variable pitch device of FIG. 図6Bは、図5の可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す図である。FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a movable state of the variable pitch device of FIG. 5. 図7は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置の他の実施例による回転速度制御を示すグラフである。FIG. 7 is a graph showing rotation speed control according to another embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention.
 以下、本発明の可変ピッチ装置を実施例に基づいて説明する。尚、本発明が本実施例に限定されないことは言うまでもない。図1は本発明の可変ピッチ装置の実施例を示す平面図、図2は図1の正面図、図3Aおよび図3Bは本発明の可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す図、図4は本発明の可変ピッチ装置によるブレード回転速度を制御する状態を示すグラフである。 Hereinafter, the variable pitch device of the present invention will be described based on examples. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the movable state of the variable pitch device of the present invention, and FIG. It is a graph which shows the state which controls the blade rotational speed by this variable pitch apparatus.
 図1乃至図3は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置を備えたプロぺラ型風力発電装置の、ピッチ角度を減少させる機構を示す図である。図1は平面図、図2は正面図、図3Aは可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す平面図であり、図3Bは可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す正面図である。図に示すように可変ピッチ装置1は、プロペラ型風力発電装置の3枚のブレード2を取付けるハブ3と、ハブ3に取付けるヒンジ4と、ヒンジ4を介して取付けられるブレード2と、ブレード2の基部固定部材5をハブ3方向に付勢する付勢部材6とを含んで構成されている。 1 to 3 are diagrams showing a mechanism for reducing a pitch angle of a propeller type wind power generator provided with a variable pitch device of the present invention. 1 is a plan view, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a movable state of the variable pitch device, and FIG. 3B is a front view showing a movable state of the variable pitch device. As shown in the figure, the variable pitch device 1 includes a hub 3 for mounting three blades 2 of a propeller type wind power generator, a hinge 4 attached to the hub 3, a blade 2 attached via the hinge 4, and the blade 2. And a biasing member 6 for biasing the base fixing member 5 in the direction of the hub 3.
 図1および図2に示すように、ブレード2は回転軸7回りに3枚均等に配置され、ブレード2の基端部としての基部固定部材5を介して、ヒンジ4によってそれぞれハブ3に固定され回転自在とされている。ヒンジ4はブレード2の基端に位置し、ヒンジ4の一端側がブレード2の中心軸8に対してヒンジ軸9が反時計回りに所定の角度を付けて基部固定部材5に取付けられ、他端側がハブ3上に設けられた取付台10に取付けられる。図1に示すように、基部固定部材5は、ヒンジ4のヒンジ軸9方向に沿って、ブレード2の基端から回転軸7方向に向かって、延出している。尚、本実施例においてはヒンジ4の取付角度を15度とした。また、本実施例においてはブレード2の先端部のピッチ角度が4°の形状の物を使用した。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, three blades 2 are equally arranged around the rotation shaft 7, and are fixed to the hub 3 by a hinge 4 via a base fixing member 5 as a base end portion of the blade 2. It is supposed to be rotatable. The hinge 4 is located at the base end of the blade 2, and one end of the hinge 4 is attached to the base fixing member 5 with the hinge shaft 9 having a predetermined counterclockwise angle with respect to the center axis 8 of the blade 2, and the other end The side is attached to a mounting base 10 provided on the hub 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the base fixing member 5 extends from the base end of the blade 2 toward the rotational axis 7 along the direction of the hinge axis 9 of the hinge 4. In this embodiment, the attachment angle of the hinge 4 is 15 degrees. In this embodiment, a blade having a shape with a pitch angle of 4 ° at the tip of the blade 2 was used.
 複数のブレード2の基部固定部材5をハブ3方向に付勢する付勢部材6が、プレード2の風上側に設けられている。付勢部材6は、ハブ3の中央位置に立設して設けられた回転中心軸11の軸方向に巻回して設けられたバネ材12と、バネ材12の一端側に設けられブレード2の基部固定部材5と当接する当接部材13と、バネ材12の他端側に設けられバネ材12を所定の付勢力で圧縮させる固定部材14とを含んで構成されている。固定部材14は、回転中心軸11の雄ネジ部に螺着されたナット15によって上方に移動しないように規制されている。ナット15を雄ネジ部に沿ってハブ3方向に締め付けることによって、固定部材14はバネ材12を押圧する。すなわち、ナット15を締め付けたり緩めたりすることで、バネ材12の圧縮量が変位し、付勢部材6の付勢力を調節することができる。 A biasing member 6 that biases the base fixing members 5 of the plurality of blades 2 in the direction of the hub 3 is provided on the windward side of the blade 2. The urging member 6 is provided with a spring material 12 that is provided by being wound in the axial direction of a rotation center shaft 11 that is provided standing at the center position of the hub 3, and one end side of the spring material 12 that is provided on one end side of the blade 2. An abutting member 13 that abuts on the base fixing member 5 and a fixing member 14 that is provided on the other end side of the spring material 12 and compresses the spring material 12 with a predetermined biasing force are configured. The fixing member 14 is regulated so as not to move upward by a nut 15 screwed into the male screw portion of the rotation center shaft 11. The fastening member 14 presses the spring material 12 by tightening the nut 15 along the male screw portion in the direction of the hub 3. That is, by tightening or loosening the nut 15, the compression amount of the spring material 12 is displaced, and the urging force of the urging member 6 can be adjusted.
 この構成でブレード2の先端側が風圧を受けると、図3Aの状態から図3Bの状態に示すようにブレード2は風圧によって風下方向に変移すると共にヒンジ4によって捩れ、ヒンジ軸9回りにブレード2が回動し、ピッチ角度が減少する。 When the front end side of the blade 2 is subjected to wind pressure in this configuration, the blade 2 is shifted to the leeward direction by the wind pressure and twisted by the hinge 4 as shown in the state of FIG. Rotate and the pitch angle decreases.
 上述した可変ピッチ装置1を使用してプロペラ型風力発電装置による発電を行なうと、3枚のブレード2は風圧によって回転し、風速が増加すると共に回転数が上がる。そしてブレード2に所定の風圧が加わると、ブレード2の先端側が風下側に変位することで、ブレード2全体がヒンジ4のヒンジ軸9回りに回動する。このとき、ヒンジ4のヒンジ軸9はブレード2の中心軸8に対して所定の角度が付いているので、ブレード2がブレード2の中心軸8に対して捩れるため、ブレード2はピッチ角度が減少するように回動する。また、ブレード2全体がヒンジ軸9回りに回動したとき、ブレード2の基部固定部材5はバネ材12の付勢に抗して、当接部材13をハブ3から離間させるように、風上側に変位する。したがって、ブレード2は、付勢部材6の付勢力に応じて、ヒンジ軸9回りの回動を開始することになる。このように、ブレード2がヒンジ軸9回りに回動することで、ブレード2のピッチ角度が減少し、ブレード2の回転速度が一定の速度に収れんする。ここでは、ブレード2の先端部のピッチ角度は風速が3mで4°から3°となり、さらに風速が増すと減少した。 When the above-described variable pitch device 1 is used to generate power by the propeller-type wind power generator, the three blades 2 are rotated by the wind pressure, and the wind speed increases and the rotation speed increases. Then, when a predetermined wind pressure is applied to the blade 2, the tip end side of the blade 2 is displaced to the leeward side, so that the entire blade 2 rotates around the hinge shaft 9 of the hinge 4. At this time, since the hinge shaft 9 of the hinge 4 has a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis 8 of the blade 2, the blade 2 is twisted with respect to the central axis 8 of the blade 2. Rotate to decrease. Further, when the blade 2 as a whole rotates around the hinge shaft 9, the base fixing member 5 of the blade 2 resists the bias of the spring material 12 so that the contact member 13 is separated from the hub 3. It is displaced to. Therefore, the blade 2 starts to rotate around the hinge shaft 9 according to the urging force of the urging member 6. Thus, when the blade 2 rotates around the hinge shaft 9, the pitch angle of the blade 2 decreases, and the rotational speed of the blade 2 converges at a constant speed. Here, the pitch angle at the tip of the blade 2 was changed from 4 ° to 3 ° at a wind speed of 3 m, and decreased as the wind speed further increased.
 図4は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置を使用したプロぺラ型風力発電装置のブレード回転速度を制御する状態を示すグラフである。図4において、A線は固定ピッチの例を示し、B線(PPC-)はピッチ角度が減少する例を示し、C線(PPC+)はピッチ角度が増加する例を示す。尚、縦軸は回転数を表し、横軸は風速を表す。 FIG. 4 is a graph showing a state in which the blade rotation speed of the propeller type wind power generator using the variable pitch device of the present invention is controlled. In FIG. 4, the A line shows an example of a fixed pitch, the B line (PPC−) shows an example in which the pitch angle decreases, and the C line (PPC +) shows an example in which the pitch angle increases. The vertical axis represents the rotation speed, and the horizontal axis represents the wind speed.
 図4に示すように、ピッチ角度が変化しない場合には、A線のように風速に比例してブレードの回転数が増加する。一方B線は本実施例に示した可変ピッチ装置によるブレードの回転速度の変化を示している。B線では、風速が3m/s近傍で約400rpmとなり、風速が増加するに従い300rpm近傍まで減少しほぼ一定となった。この3m/sの風速におけるブレードの先端部のピッチ角度は3°であった。 As shown in FIG. 4, when the pitch angle does not change, the rotational speed of the blade increases in proportion to the wind speed as indicated by line A. On the other hand, line B shows a change in the rotational speed of the blade by the variable pitch device shown in this embodiment. In line B, the wind speed was about 400 rpm near 3 m / s, and decreased to near 300 rpm as the wind speed increased and became almost constant. The pitch angle at the tip of the blade at a wind speed of 3 m / s was 3 °.
 C線は、ヒンジの取付角度を、ヒンジのヒンジ軸がブレードの中心軸に対して時計回りの所定の角度とし、風圧によってブレードのピッチ角度を増加させる可変ピッチ装置によるブレード回転速度の変化を示している。C線では、上記B線と同様に風速が3m/s近傍で約300rpmとなり、風速が増加するに従い400rpm近傍まで増加しほぼ一定となった。この3m/sの風速におけるブレードの先端部のピッチ角度は6°であり、風速が増加する毎にピッチ角度が増加した。 Line C shows changes in blade rotation speed due to a variable pitch device in which the hinge mounting angle is set to a predetermined angle clockwise with respect to the central axis of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased by wind pressure. ing. In the C line, the wind speed was about 300 rpm in the vicinity of 3 m / s as in the B line, and increased to near 400 rpm as the wind speed increased and became almost constant. The pitch angle at the tip of the blade at the wind speed of 3 m / s was 6 °, and the pitch angle increased each time the wind speed increased.
 本実施例に係る可変ピッチ装置によれば、ハブに3枚のブレードがヒンジを介して取付けられ、さらにブレードの基端部を付勢部材によってハブ方向に付勢されるため、風圧によってブレードの先端部が風下方向に揺動し、自動的にピッチ角度を増減させることができる。 According to the variable pitch device according to the present embodiment, three blades are attached to the hub via the hinge, and the base end portion of the blade is urged toward the hub by the urging member. The tip portion swings in the leeward direction, and the pitch angle can be automatically increased or decreased.
 次に図5及び図6に従って、可変ピッチ装置の他の実施例を説明する。図5は本発明の可変ピッチ装置の他の実施例を示す側面図、図6Aおよび図6Bは可変ピッチ装置の可動状態を示す斜視図である。図に示すように、本実施例の可変ピッチ装置21は、風下方向にブレード22を備えたプロぺラ型風力発電装置に使用されるものである。可変ピッチ装置21は、ブレード22が回転中心軸23に直交する方向から約15°傾斜した状態で、ヒンジ24を介してハブ25に取付けられている。本実施例の可変ピッチ装置21は、風上側からハブ25、ブレード22、付勢部材28の順番に配置されている。尚、ブレード22とハブ25との取付け構造、及び付勢部材28の取付け構造に関しては、実施例1と同等でありその説明は省略する。また、本実施例においては遠心力によってブレード22のピッチ角度が減少する例で説明する。 Next, another embodiment of the variable pitch device will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the variable pitch device of the present invention, and FIGS. 6A and 6B are perspective views showing a movable state of the variable pitch device. As shown in the figure, the variable pitch device 21 of the present embodiment is used for a propeller type wind power generator provided with a blade 22 in the leeward direction. The variable pitch device 21 is attached to the hub 25 via a hinge 24 in a state where the blade 22 is inclined by about 15 ° from the direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis 23. The variable pitch device 21 of the present embodiment is arranged in the order of the hub 25, the blade 22, and the urging member 28 from the windward side. The attachment structure of the blade 22 and the hub 25 and the attachment structure of the urging member 28 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, an example in which the pitch angle of the blades 22 is reduced by centrifugal force will be described.
 図6Aおよび図6Bは本発明の可変ピッチ装置を備えたプロぺラ型風力発電装置が風を受けて、ブレード22が回転して風速に応じてブレード22のピッチ角度が変化する状態を示している。図6Aは変化前を示し、図6Bは変化後を示している。ブレード22が所定の風速の風を受けると、回転軸23回りに回転し、遠心力がブレード22に生じる。図6Bに示すように、遠心力によって、ブレード22の先端側が風上側に変位することで、ブレード22全体がヒンジ24のヒンジ軸27回りに回動する。このとき、ヒンジ24のヒンジ軸27はブレード22の中心軸(図示せず)に対して所定の角度が付いているので、ブレード22がブレード22の中心軸に対して捩れるため、ブレード22はピッチ角度が減少するように回動する。また、ブレード22全体がヒンジ軸27回りに回動したとき、ブレード22の基端部はバネ材26の付勢に抗して、風下側に変位する。したがって、ブレード22は、付勢部材28の付勢力に応じて、ヒンジ軸27回りの回動を開始することになる。このように、ブレード22がヒンジ軸27回りに回動することで、ブレード22のピッチ角度が減少し、ブレード22の回転数は略一定の値となる。 6A and 6B show a state in which the propeller type wind power generator equipped with the variable pitch device of the present invention receives wind and the blade 22 rotates to change the pitch angle of the blade 22 according to the wind speed. Yes. FIG. 6A shows before change, and FIG. 6B shows after change. When the blade 22 receives wind at a predetermined wind speed, the blade 22 rotates around the rotation shaft 23, and centrifugal force is generated in the blade 22. As shown in FIG. 6B, the distal end side of the blade 22 is displaced to the windward side by centrifugal force, so that the entire blade 22 rotates around the hinge shaft 27 of the hinge 24. At this time, since the hinge shaft 27 of the hinge 24 has a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis (not shown) of the blade 22, the blade 22 is twisted with respect to the central axis of the blade 22. It rotates so that the pitch angle decreases. Further, when the entire blade 22 is rotated around the hinge shaft 27, the base end portion of the blade 22 is displaced to the leeward side against the bias of the spring material 26. Therefore, the blade 22 starts to rotate around the hinge shaft 27 according to the urging force of the urging member 28. As described above, the blade 22 rotates about the hinge shaft 27, whereby the pitch angle of the blade 22 decreases, and the rotational speed of the blade 22 becomes a substantially constant value.
 図7は、本発明の可変ピッチ装置を使用したプロぺラ型風力発電装置のブレード回転速度を制御する状態を示すグラフである。図7において、A線は固定ピッチの例を示し、B線・C線・D線はピッチ角度が減少する例を示しており、バネ材の強度がD線、C線、B線の順に強くなる。尚、縦軸は回転数を表し、横軸は風速を表す。 FIG. 7 is a graph showing a state in which the blade rotation speed of the propeller type wind power generator using the variable pitch device of the present invention is controlled. In FIG. 7, A line indicates an example of fixed pitch, B line, C line, and D line indicate examples in which the pitch angle decreases, and the strength of the spring material increases in the order of D line, C line, and B line. Become. The vertical axis represents the rotation speed, and the horizontal axis represents the wind speed.
 図7に示すように、ピッチ角度が変化しない場合には、A線のように風速に比例してブレードの回転数が増加する。一方B線、C線、D線は上述した可変ピッチ装置によるブレードの回転速度の変化を示しており、例えば、D線では風速が3m/s近傍で約300rpmとなり、風速が5m/s近傍で約350rpmとなった。この5m/sの風速におけるブレードの先端部のピッチ角度の変化量(減少量)は約7°であった。尚、本実施例においては、ブレードのピッチ角度が減少する例で説明を行なったが、ピッチ角度が増加する構成であってもよいことは無論である。ピッチ角度を増加させるには、ヒンジの取付角度を、ヒンジ軸がブレードの中心軸に対して図5、図6Aおよび図6Bに示す可変ピッチ装置と反対回りの所定の角度にすればよい。 As shown in FIG. 7, when the pitch angle does not change, the rotation speed of the blade increases in proportion to the wind speed as indicated by line A. On the other hand, the B line, the C line, and the D line indicate changes in the rotation speed of the blade by the above-described variable pitch device. For example, in the D line, the wind speed is about 300 rpm near 3 m / s, and the wind speed is around 5 m / s. It became about 350 rpm. The amount of change (decrease) in the pitch angle at the tip of the blade at the wind speed of 5 m / s was about 7 °. In this embodiment, the example in which the pitch angle of the blade is decreased has been described. However, it goes without saying that the pitch angle may be increased. In order to increase the pitch angle, the hinge mounting angle may be set to a predetermined angle opposite to that of the variable pitch device shown in FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B with respect to the central axis of the blade.
 以上本発明による可変ピッチ装置は、複数のブレードを取付けるハブと、該ハブのブレード取付位置に所定の角度で取付けられたヒンジと、該ヒンジを介して取付けられ、風圧によって回転軸方向に沿って揺動するブレードと、該ブレードの基端部を前記ハブ方向に付勢する付勢部材とから構成したため、簡単な構造で、自動的にブレードのピッチ角を変更できる可変ピッチ装置を提供することができる。さらに、ブレードの回転による遠心力によってピッチ角を自動的に変更できる可変ピッチ装置も提供できる。 As described above, the variable pitch device according to the present invention includes a hub for mounting a plurality of blades, a hinge attached to the blade attachment position of the hub at a predetermined angle, and attached via the hinge along the rotational axis direction by wind pressure. To provide a variable pitch device that can automatically change the pitch angle of a blade with a simple structure because it comprises a swinging blade and a biasing member that biases the base end of the blade in the hub direction. Can do. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a variable pitch device that can automatically change the pitch angle by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the blade.
 尚、上述した実施例1および実施例2では、ナットを雄ネジ部に沿ってハブ方向に締め付けたり緩めたりすることで、バネ材の圧縮量を変位させ、付勢部材の付勢力を調節する場合について説明したが、この場合に限られない。例えば、固定部材自体をナットにして締め付けたり緩めたりすることでバネ材12の圧縮量を無段階に変位できるようにしたり、バネ部材自体を交換することにより、付勢力を調整できるように構成してもよい。
 また、上述した実施例1および実施例2では、付勢部材がブレードの基端部としての基部固定部材を付勢する場合について説明したが、この場合に限られない。例えば、基部固定部材とブレードとを一体で形成し、付勢部材がブレードに一体で形成された基部固定部材をハブ方向に付勢するように構成してもよい。また、基部固定部材を省略し、ヒンジの一端側を付勢部材まで延出し、付勢部材がヒンジの一端側の一部をハブ方向に押圧するように構成してもよく、この場合、ヒンジの一端側がブレードの基端部となる。
In the first and second embodiments described above, the amount of compression of the spring material is displaced and the biasing force of the biasing member is adjusted by tightening or loosening the nut along the male screw portion in the hub direction. Although the case has been described, it is not limited to this case. For example, it is configured so that the compression amount of the spring material 12 can be displaced steplessly by tightening or loosening the fixing member itself as a nut, or the biasing force can be adjusted by replacing the spring member itself. May be.
In the first and second embodiments described above, the case where the urging member urges the base fixing member as the base end portion of the blade has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. For example, the base fixing member and the blade may be formed integrally, and the biasing member may be configured to bias the base fixing member formed integrally with the blade in the hub direction. Further, the base fixing member may be omitted, and one end side of the hinge may be extended to the urging member, and the urging member may be configured to press a part of the one end side of the hinge in the hub direction. One end side of this is the base end of the blade.
 ブレードの取付け方向がダウンウインド或いはアップウインドのプロペラ型風力発電装置の何れにも用いることができる。 ¡It can be used for both propeller type wind power generators with a blade mounting direction of downwind or upwind.

Claims (6)

  1.  プロペラ型風力発電装置の可変ピッチ装置であって、
     複数のブレードを取付けるハブと、
     該ハブのブレード取付位置に所定の取付角度で取付けられるヒンジと、
     該ヒンジを介して取付けられ、回転軸方向に沿って揺動するブレードと、
     前記ヒンジよりも回転軸側に位置する前記ブレードの基端部を前記ハブ方向に付勢する付勢部材とを有し、
     前記ブレードの先端部が前記付勢部材の付勢に抗して回転軸方向に沿って揺動し、前記ヒンジを介して前記ブレードのピッチ角度が増減することを特徴とする可変ピッチ装置。
    A variable pitch device for a propeller type wind power generator,
    A hub for mounting multiple blades;
    A hinge mounted at a predetermined mounting angle at a blade mounting position of the hub;
    A blade attached via the hinge and swinging along the rotational axis direction;
    A biasing member that biases the base end portion of the blade located on the rotation shaft side of the hinge in the hub direction;
    A variable pitch device, wherein a tip end portion of the blade swings along a rotation axis direction against the urging of the urging member, and a pitch angle of the blade is increased or decreased via the hinge.
  2.  前記ブレードの先端部は風圧によって前記付勢部材の付勢に抗して風下方向に揺動し、前記ヒンジを介して前記ブレードのピッチ角度が増減することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変ピッチ装置。 The tip of the blade swings in the leeward direction against the urging force of the urging member by wind pressure, and the pitch angle of the blade increases or decreases via the hinge. Variable pitch device.
  3.  前記ブレードの先端部は遠心力によって前記付勢部材の付勢に抗して風上方向に揺動し、前記ヒンジを介して前記ブレードのピッチ角度が増減することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変ピッチ装置。 The tip of the blade swings in the windward direction against the urging force of the urging member by centrifugal force, and the pitch angle of the blade increases or decreases via the hinge. The variable pitch device described.
  4.  前記付勢部材は、
     前記ハブの中央位置に立設して設けられた回転中心軸の軸方向に巻回して設けられたバネ材と、
     該バネ材の一端側に設けられ前記ブレードの基端部と当接する当接部材と、
     前記バネ材の他端側に設けられ前記バネ材を圧縮する固定部材とを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変ピッチ装置。
    The biasing member is
    A spring material provided by being wound in the axial direction of a rotation center shaft provided standing at a central position of the hub;
    An abutting member provided on one end of the spring material and abutting against the base end of the blade;
    The variable pitch device according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing member provided on the other end side of the spring material and compressing the spring material.
  5.  前記ヒンジの取付角度は、該ヒンジのヒンジ軸が前記ブレードの中心線に対して反時計回りの所定角度とし、風圧若しくは遠心力によって前記ブレードのピッチ角度を減少させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変ピッチ装置。 The mounting angle of the hinge is a predetermined angle in which the hinge axis of the hinge is counterclockwise with respect to the center line of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is reduced by wind pressure or centrifugal force. The variable pitch device described in 1.
  6.  前記ヒンジの取付角度は、該ヒンジのヒンジ軸が前記ブレードの中心線に対して時計回りの所定角度とし、風圧若しくは遠心力によって前記ブレードのピッチ角度を増加させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変ピッチ装置。 The mounting angle of the hinge is such that the hinge axis of the hinge is a predetermined angle clockwise with respect to the center line of the blade, and the pitch angle of the blade is increased by wind pressure or centrifugal force. The variable pitch device described.
PCT/JP2010/060230 2010-06-16 2010-06-16 Variable pitch device WO2011158350A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2054383A (en) * 1936-03-30 1936-09-15 Ludewig Hercel Joseph Wind power apparatus
JPS253964B1 (en) * 1948-09-30 1950-11-20
US4443154A (en) * 1979-08-27 1984-04-17 Randolph Arthur J Windmill tower shadow eliminator
JPH0434466U (en) * 1990-07-17 1992-03-23

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2054383A (en) * 1936-03-30 1936-09-15 Ludewig Hercel Joseph Wind power apparatus
JPS253964B1 (en) * 1948-09-30 1950-11-20
US4443154A (en) * 1979-08-27 1984-04-17 Randolph Arthur J Windmill tower shadow eliminator
JPH0434466U (en) * 1990-07-17 1992-03-23

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