WO2011035746A1 - Electroacoustic transducer - Google Patents
Electroacoustic transducer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011035746A1 WO2011035746A1 PCT/DE2009/001334 DE2009001334W WO2011035746A1 WO 2011035746 A1 WO2011035746 A1 WO 2011035746A1 DE 2009001334 W DE2009001334 W DE 2009001334W WO 2011035746 A1 WO2011035746 A1 WO 2011035746A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- electroacoustic transducer
- membrane
- diaphragm
- electrodes
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/44—Special adaptations for subaqueous use, e.g. for hydrophone
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the membrane is attached at the edge over a peripheral bead in a housing called a loudspeaker basket.
- the actuator has a voice coil driven by a magnetic system, which is firmly connected to a centrally acting on the diaphragm voice coil carrier.
- Low-frequency underwater sound transducers can also be implemented with such an electromagnetic oscillating system that drives a diaphragm, although the mechanical structure must be extremely precise so that the voice coil can move over correspondingly long path lengths. Since large masses are needed, such converters are heavy and expensive to manufacture, so they are not very suitable for a larger use in the underwater sound technology.
- the invention has for its object to provide a particular usable as a transmitting transducer, high-performance, electro-acoustic transducer, which is lightweight, requires little installation space and is inexpensive to manufacture.
- the electroacoustic transducer according to the invention has the advantage that the oscillatory movements of the membrane can be produced at low cost, on one side clamped in the housing and fixed to the edge of the membrane bending vibrator are generated, which lift up and off the membrane, the membrane converts these edge-side strokes in large sound amplitudes, so that a large acoustic power is achieved.
- Bending vibrators are known. In general, they are a spring-mass system capable of harmonic oscillations, which can be, for example, a cantilever rod whose natural frequency is determined by its length and mass. Flexural vibrators are inexpensive, have a relatively low weight and require relatively low voltages to vibrate them.
- composite modules are used as bending oscillators, each having on at least two preferably congruent film layers of electrically insulating material arranged electrode structures with spaced, parallel electrodes and disposed between the film layers, spaced apart, parallel piezoceramic fibers on each other turned away longitudinal sides of the electrodes are contacted.
- Such composite modules are extremely thin and lightweight. When an alternating voltage is applied, the piezoceramic fibers lengthen and shorten the composite modules clamped in the housing on one side.
- the piezoceramic fibers are firmly embedded between the film layers, their elongation or shortening leads to a curvature of the composite module and thus to an upward or downward movement of the body facing away from the housing and firmly connected to the membrane edge end of the composite modules the membrane edge is alternately raised and lowered, thereby causing the membrane to vibrate.
- electro-acoustic transducers designed as bending transducers with such composite modules can be very advantageously used in underwater sound technology, in particular in Trailing bodies or elongated towed antennas, use as transmitting transducer.
- the composite modules arranged along the peripheral edge of the membrane are aligned such that the piezoceramic fibers extend between the housing and the membrane wheel.
- the electrodes are so covered with a DC voltage that at the adjacent electrodes in a film layer, a high and a low DC potential and at the electrodes opposite to the piezoceramic fibers in the two film layers each have the same DC potential.
- an alternating voltage is applied to the two electrode structures.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail of a perspective top view of an electroacoustic transducer, partially cut away,
- FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a composite module used as a bending oscillator in the electroacoustic converter according to FIG. 1.
- electroacoustic transducer which is preferably used as transmitting transducer in the underwater sound, has an example cylindrical housing 11, an edge fixed to the housing 11, elastic membrane 12, For example, made of rubber, and an attacking on the diaphragm 2 actuator 13 for causing a vibrating movement of the membrane 12 on.
- the Actuator 13 consists of several distributed over the circumference of the membrane 12 and spaced from each other arranged bending vibrators 14 through which the membrane 12 is fixed to the housing 11.
- the bending vibrator 14 are on one side, ie firmly clamped in its one end in the housing 11 and connected with its turned away from the clamping end, free end with the membrane edge, for example by gluing.
- the end face of the housing 11 by means of a protective layer 15, for example made of rubber or a plastic, covered, which closes the housing 11 for underwater use watertight.
- the housing 11 is then designed as a pressure equalization vessel, so that the membrane 12 does not bend inward at high water depth and thus enters a Hubreduzi für.
- electroacoustic transducer not conventional flexural vibrator but preferably composite modules are used as bending vibrator.
- the structure of such a composite module 16 is shown in Fig. 3 fragmentary exploded view.
- the composite module 16 has two congruent film layers 17, 18 of electrically insulating material, on the mutually facing layer surfaces each arranged an electrode structure 20 and 21, for example, printed, and between the film layers 17, 18 arranged piezoceramic fibers 19, which from each other spaced apart and aligned parallel to each other.
- the elongate piezoceramic fibers 19 have, for example, a square or rectangular cross section.
- the spaces between the piezoceramic fibers 19 are filled with an electrically insulating material, for example with a polymer, which is not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity.
- the two electrode structures 20, 21 are identical.
- Each electrode structure 20 or 21 has two identically formed, comb-like structural parts 22, 23 with a in the direction of the piezoceramic fibers 19 extending conductor track 24 and 25 and thereof integrally outgoing, parallel, finger-like electrodes 26 and 27, respectively.
- the two comb-like structural parts 22, 23 engage with their finger-like electrodes 26 and 27, respectively, so that in each case one electrode 26 of one structural part 22 and one electrode 27 of the other structural element tured 23 of the electrical structures 20, 21 are adjacent and parallel to each other.
- Electrodes 26, 27 are therefore also referred to as "interdigitated electrodrods".
- the two film layers 17, 18 are mirror-inverted with mutually facing electrode structures 20, 21 placed on the piezoceramic fibers 19, wherein only the electrodes 26, 27 contact the piezoceramic fibers 19 on their mutually remote longitudinal sides.
- Such a composite module 16 is known and described, for example, in EP 1 983 584 A2, where it is called “piezoelectric macro-fiber composite actuator".
- the composite modules 16 constructed in this way and forming the bending oscillators 14 in FIGS. 1 and 2 are arranged and aligned between the housing 11 and the membrane 12 such that the piezoceramic fibers 19 extend between the housing 11 and the membrane edge.
- a DC voltage is applied to the two structural parts 22, 23 of each electrode structure 20 or 21 so that alternately a high and a low DC voltage potential are alternately applied to electrodes 26, 27 adjacent to one another in a film layer 17 or 18 and to electrodes 26 and 27 in the two film layers 17, 18, which are opposite to each other at the piezoceramic fibers 19, each having the same DC potential.
- the composite modules 16 are driven with an alternating voltage which is superimposed on the direct voltage such that it does not fall below it.
- the piezoceramic fibers 19 execute in the same direction longitudinal expansions and longitudinal contractions which cause an upward and downward alternation of the end sections of the composite modules 16 connected to the membrane 12, causing the diaphragm 12 to oscillate in the direction of the housing axis.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09740041.0A EP2481221B1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Electroacoustic transducer |
PCT/DE2009/001334 WO2011035746A1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Electroacoustic transducer |
DE112009005268T DE112009005268A5 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | ELECTRIC ACOUSTIC CONVERTER |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2009/001334 WO2011035746A1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Electroacoustic transducer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011035746A1 true WO2011035746A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
Family
ID=41796167
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2009/001334 WO2011035746A1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Electroacoustic transducer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2481221B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE112009005268A5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011035746A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2928069A (en) * | 1954-10-13 | 1960-03-08 | Gulton Ind Inc | Transducer |
GB2087687A (en) * | 1980-10-21 | 1982-05-26 | Secr Defence | Underwater sound transducer |
WO2001033648A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-10 | The Government Of The United States As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Piezoelectric macro-fiber composite actuator and manufacturing method |
US20020176592A1 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2002-11-28 | Howarth Thomas R. | Piezoelectric acoustic actuator |
WO2005053356A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-06-09 | 1... Limited | Loudspeaker |
-
2009
- 2009-09-22 DE DE112009005268T patent/DE112009005268A5/en active Pending
- 2009-09-22 WO PCT/DE2009/001334 patent/WO2011035746A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-09-22 EP EP09740041.0A patent/EP2481221B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2928069A (en) * | 1954-10-13 | 1960-03-08 | Gulton Ind Inc | Transducer |
GB2087687A (en) * | 1980-10-21 | 1982-05-26 | Secr Defence | Underwater sound transducer |
WO2001033648A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-10 | The Government Of The United States As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Piezoelectric macro-fiber composite actuator and manufacturing method |
US20020176592A1 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2002-11-28 | Howarth Thomas R. | Piezoelectric acoustic actuator |
WO2005053356A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-06-09 | 1... Limited | Loudspeaker |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2481221A1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
EP2481221B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
DE112009005268A5 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE1902849C3 (en) | Mechanical-electrical or electrical-mechanical converter | |
DE602005006419T2 (en) | Electroacoustic transducer for high frequency applications | |
EP1963704B1 (en) | Force generator | |
DE3815359A1 (en) | TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER OF A ULTRASONIC DISTANCE MEASURING DEVICE | |
DE102015100442A1 (en) | Active acoustic black hole for vibration and noise reduction | |
DE112013006824T5 (en) | power generator | |
DE102008000816A1 (en) | Device and method for excitation and / or damping and / or detection of structural vibrations of a plate-shaped device by means of a piezoelectric strip device | |
EP2480345B1 (en) | Electroacoustic transducer, in particular transmitting transducer | |
DE4017276C2 (en) | ||
EP3095530B1 (en) | Device for transmitting and receiving of acoustic signals | |
DE102011080125A1 (en) | Capacitive transducer with fiber reinforcement | |
EP2608286A2 (en) | Ultrasonic actuator | |
WO2011035746A1 (en) | Electroacoustic transducer | |
DE6609583U (en) | PIEZOELECTRIC CONVERTER. | |
EP2467924B1 (en) | Frequency-tunable resonator and method for operating it | |
WO2011035744A1 (en) | Electroacoustic transducer | |
EP3799966B1 (en) | Acoustic transducer and method for generating/receiving an acoustic wave | |
DE1165667B (en) | Piezoelectric flexural oscillator | |
DE1181592B (en) | Electroacoustic converter | |
EP2059351B1 (en) | Vibration generator | |
WO2011035747A1 (en) | Electroacoustic transducer | |
DE2842086A1 (en) | Electroacoustic transducer for prodn. quality testing - has sound radiating or receiving plates, with piezoelectric elements distributed between them | |
DE2434715C3 (en) | Frequency sensitive electromechanical filter | |
DE1127950B (en) | Electroacoustic transducer with a plate-shaped transducer element | |
DE2326790A1 (en) | ULTRASONIC CLEANING BATH |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09740041 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009740041 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1120090052681 Country of ref document: DE Ref document number: 112009005268 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R225 Ref document number: 112009005268 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20121115 |