WO2005050007A1 - Fluid and wind turbine for generating power - Google Patents

Fluid and wind turbine for generating power Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005050007A1
WO2005050007A1 PCT/NO2004/000316 NO2004000316W WO2005050007A1 WO 2005050007 A1 WO2005050007 A1 WO 2005050007A1 NO 2004000316 W NO2004000316 W NO 2004000316W WO 2005050007 A1 WO2005050007 A1 WO 2005050007A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
profile
fluid
turbine
typically
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2004/000316
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dag Herman Zeiner-Gundersen
Original Assignee
Dag Herman Zeiner-Gundersen
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dag Herman Zeiner-Gundersen filed Critical Dag Herman Zeiner-Gundersen
Publication of WO2005050007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005050007A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F03B17/067—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation the cyclic relative movement being positively coupled to the movement of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/212—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Darrieus type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/31—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape
    • F05B2240/311—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape flexible or elastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/85—Starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6001—Fabrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/02—Fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid and gas turbine for generating power or pumping fluid, as stated in the opening of the enclosed claim 1.
  • the invention is an improved vertical turbine based on the so-called Darrieus turbine concept, developed for windmills in the 1930s, ref. US patent 1,835,018, granted Dec 1931.
  • the Darreius turbine design with its straight stiff airfoil blades, is fairly efficient but unstable, tending to break easily because of extreme vibrations.
  • the concept as such is found to work better than any other turbine in water.
  • the invention presented herein will demonstrate new and novel ideas for this type of fluid turbine.
  • the invention described herein is a vertical turbine to be used either on land being subject to wind or under water subject to sea or water movements caused by waves.
  • the design consists of two or multiple profiles, typically three, with flexible coated fabric, much like a sail, rotating around a central axis.
  • Each of the profiles are controlled by a steering rod linked together in a centre or central ring in such a way that this rotational centre can be positioned so that the profiles will achieve an optimum angel relative to the flowing fluid or gas, while rotating around the centre of the turbine.
  • each rod is equipped with a controllable linear or rotary actuator, which can set a fixed length of the rod for most common usage, or actively change the length as the profiles are rotating around the centre, thereby achieving an optimum angel to the flow.
  • the primary mechanism for angling the profiles is the positioning of the centre or central ring for the steering rods relative centre of the turbine, thereby achieving a constant change of the angel of the profiles as they are rotating around the centre of the turbine.
  • the profile will change angel and direction in a sine function as they are rotating around the centre of the turbine.
  • the flow and direction of the flow will, as the profiles are rotating around the axis, take the shape from the fluid or gas flow.
  • This shape of the profile in combination with the use of steering rods and actuators set up an optimum shape for extracting energy out of the water current or gas flow for conversion into usable energy.
  • This constant change of shape and relative directional angel of the profiles relative to the imposed fluid or gas flow will thereby generate an optimum rotational speed and torque for the turbine.
  • the complete turbine assembly will normally consist of two or multiple modules stacked on top of each other, where the upper module normally would contain the turbine consisting of a central axis, a profile steering mechanism, supports, generators, pumps, gears, power/pipe connections, handling profiles and multiple fluid / gas profiles.
  • the lower module may primarily be a supporting structure, but may also in some cases include the above mentioned elements.
  • each profile is parable from bottom to top based on a profile that is optimum for the specific gas or hydrodynamic flow, the range of speed and any special considerations such as gust or turbulent or laminar flow.
  • the actual mathematic function describing the three dimensional form of the profiles is based on density characteristics of the medium, velocity of the flow, diameter and height of the turbine and special effects, such as "shadow" effect from other profiles and structures, stability and vibration.
  • Each of the profiles are constructed as a frame structure covered with flexible material, typically a -coated fabric with integrated stiffeners and chambers. This design allow the profile to take an optimum shape, much like a sail on a sail boat.
  • the form of the profile can be adjusted by means of actuators with respect to establishing the optimum shape for a specific current, thus the engagement angle by stretching the flexible fabric.
  • Each profile will have fixed stiffeners embedded into the fabric or attached to the profile in order to achieve the preferred stiffness.
  • Each profile will also be equipped with flexible channels that can, horizontally and vertically be pressurized with fluid or gases to change the shape in three dimensions of the profile by applying such pressure.
  • Each profile will also be equipped with a pipe in the front, which can, through multiple holes, flow fluid or gas along the profiles improving the start up of the rotation of the turbine and improving fluid flow to achieve higher efficiency.
  • a flexible sail will be mounted up alongside the profile to reduce drag created by the profile ' s supporting structure.
  • Near top and bottom of the profile a set of small profiles may be incorporated to avoid the fluid or gas to slip over the edge, causing loss of performance, as the edge effect like seen on air plane wings.
  • a steering rod centre or centre ring is controlling the relative angel of attack for the profiles relative to the imposed fluid or gas direction, thus by moving such centre or ring out of the turbines centre, each profile will change angel as it rotates around the central axis, pushed back and forth by the steering rod in a sine form.
  • Each of the steering rods will normally have a fixed distance, while the central point or ring can be moved in any direction, thereby changing the profiles angel of direction versus the flow.
  • Each steering rod will additionally be equipped with an actuator that can, actively or passively change the direction of the profile as it is rotating around the central axis.
  • the steering rod centre or ring is normally located within the turbine module. The position of the steering rod centre or ring is controlled by means of controllable rotational or linear actuators.
  • the shape and angel of the profile is subject to be changed based on- reading the generated speed, torque and interpretation of the retrieved sensor data in order to achieve an optimum energy generation.
  • Each profile will be supported transverse into the central axis by fixed rods giving it general structural support and eliminating of vibrations from the generator, the steering control centre, hydraulic pumps, sensor distributions an interface with land or platform through pipes and power cables.
  • the lower module contains typically the foundation of the unit and optionally the above mentioned elements.
  • the electrical generator will generate power by torque from the turbine for transmission through an electrical cable.
  • a hydraulic pump will be rotationally driven and used for pumping of fluids, and a gas compressor may be used for pumping gas.
  • the fluids may be pumped for use with a heat exchanger, separate power turbines, replacement of fluid in harbours or aqua systems, de-salinisation systems, fuel cells etc.
  • a turbine (approximately 15 metres wide by 25 metres high) exposed to a current of 1 ,5 - 2 m/sec will typically give a peak of 500 KW/hr in energy generation.
  • This application relates to a fluid and gas turbine for generating power, and the turbine is defined by those in the claims mentioned characteristics.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of the turbine consisting of a multiple set of fluid profiles (1) each mounted symmetrically in a frame attached at the bottom and the top.
  • a set of supports (2) attached to the central structure (3) is supporting each of the profiles (1).
  • the support (2) and the profiles (1) attachment at the top of the central structure (3) are transferring the main force from the profiles (1) into the corresponding torque.
  • Each fluid profile (1) has one control arm (4) that is controlling the fluid profile ' s (1) angel relative to the direction of the fluid or gas.
  • Fig. 2A and fig. 2B shows details of a profile (1).
  • the profile (1) is a light weight construction, typically constructed from a frame covered with flexible coated material, typically a coated fabric.
  • the profile (1) has a soft and slick surface reducing the friction forces, but maintaining lift forces for forward and rotational movement producing a torque through the frame.
  • the angel of attack is changed by the position of the control centre.
  • the light weight cover will be attached to the structure and may be replaced without disassembling the frame structure.
  • a linear or rotational actuator (7) attached between the front and the aft of the frame may be activated, and can thereby stretch the fabric profile to achieve a different stiffness and shape of the flexible fabric profile (1).
  • Multiple flow guides (8) typically constructed from a light weight flexible material may be integrated into the profile (1), preventing gas/fluid from slipping over the edge, otherwise causing disturbance of the flow and performance.
  • a set of sensors (16) will measure direction of the fluid/gases, the speed of the fluid/gases, the pressure and acceleration and stresses at selected places on the profiles (1). Such information will be used to determine the optimum position, angular change and shape of the profiles (1).
  • Each fluid profile (1) have a flexible tail (9) allowing the fluid and or gas flow, diverted along the profile (1), to create the forward thrust, to release with low drag forces.
  • Each profile (1) will have typically a small pipe (10) with perforations (11) mounted in front of the profile (1) along the rim, releasing a flow of gas or fluid or both to generate more lift, and thereby thrust as well as to assist in starting the initial movement of the turbine.
  • the pointing directions of the perforations (11), typically perpendicular to the rotational direction in the pipe (10) are determined by type and shape of structure, speed of turbine as well as type and speed of medium.
  • the pipe (10) may also be used for releasing special fluid or gases required for maintaining the turbine.
  • Each profile (1) has multiple stiffeners (12) integrated or attached to it for the purpose of shaping and stiffening the flexible profile.
  • Each profile (1) will further have et set of stiffeners, (13) fluid or gas filled, and pressurized to change stiffness based on pressure applied.
  • Fig. 3 shows how each control arm (4) is connected to one central steering point or ring (5) which can be moved in any direction based on the direction of the flow.
  • the control arms (4) will normally have a fixed length, but may also be changed permanently by extension, by retraction or dynamically altered as the turbine is rotating by means of an actuator (17).
  • the steering point or ring (5) is controlled and positioned by a set of linear or rotational actuators (6).
  • a typical configuration of a steering point mechanism which will position the steering point or ring (5), such as the angle of the profiles (1), will have a gas/ fluid aero / hydrodynamic performance close to optimum with respect to generating thrust in all rotational positions, for downstream and upstream positions as well as intermediate positions.
  • Fig. 4 shows an eccentric ring with its centre (B) will be rotated around the centre of the turbine (A) by means of a rotational step actuator (6). If complete adjustability of the centre B is required, a second eccentric ring and actuator can be incorporated into the rotational assembly.

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid and wind turbine for generating power, consisting of two or multiple set, typically three, of profiles (1) with a frame coated with flexible material, typically a coated fabric mounted to bottom and top of an axis (3), with a set of supports (2) attached to the central axis (3). Each profile (1) has one control arm (4) connected to one central steering point or ring (5) which can be moved in any direction. A linear or rotational actuator (7) attached between the front and the aft of the frame may be activated for stretching the fabric. Multiple flow guides (8) may be integrated, and a set of sensors (16) measure direction and speed of fluid/gases, and pressure, acceleration and stresses at selected places of the profile (1). Each profile (1) have: a flexible tail (9) to create forward thrust with low drag forces; a small pipe (10) with perforations (11) to assist in starting; multiple stiffeners (12) to shape and stiffening the profile (1); a set of pressurized stiffeners (13) to change stiffness based on pressure applied.

Description

FLUID AND WIND TURBINE FOR GENERATING POWER
The invention relates to a fluid and gas turbine for generating power or pumping fluid, as stated in the opening of the enclosed claim 1.
The invention is an improved vertical turbine based on the so-called Darrieus turbine concept, developed for windmills in the 1930s, ref. US patent 1,835,018, granted Dec 1931. The Darreius turbine design, with its straight stiff airfoil blades, is fairly efficient but unstable, tending to break easily because of extreme vibrations. However, the concept as such is found to work better than any other turbine in water. The invention presented herein will demonstrate new and novel ideas for this type of fluid turbine.
Following patents shows the technological background:
- GB-A-2165008 and US 4,619,585 shows wind mills with flexible wing profiles.
- SE 9000761 (summary), US 4,299,537 and EP-A1-21790 shows wind mills with adjustable wing profiles during rotation.
The invention described herein is a vertical turbine to be used either on land being subject to wind or under water subject to sea or water movements caused by waves. The design consists of two or multiple profiles, typically three, with flexible coated fabric, much like a sail, rotating around a central axis. Each of the profiles are controlled by a steering rod linked together in a centre or central ring in such a way that this rotational centre can be positioned so that the profiles will achieve an optimum angel relative to the flowing fluid or gas, while rotating around the centre of the turbine. Additionally each rod is equipped with a controllable linear or rotary actuator, which can set a fixed length of the rod for most common usage, or actively change the length as the profiles are rotating around the centre, thereby achieving an optimum angel to the flow.
However, the primary mechanism for angling the profiles is the positioning of the centre or central ring for the steering rods relative centre of the turbine, thereby achieving a constant change of the angel of the profiles as they are rotating around the centre of the turbine. When the lengths of the rods are fixed and the rods rotational centre or centre ring is moved out of the centre of the turbine, the profile will change angel and direction in a sine function as they are rotating around the centre of the turbine.
By constructing the profiles from a supporting frame structure covered with flexible coated fabric, the flow and direction of the flow will, as the profiles are rotating around the axis, take the shape from the fluid or gas flow. This shape of the profile in combination with the use of steering rods and actuators set up an optimum shape for extracting energy out of the water current or gas flow for conversion into usable energy. This constant change of shape and relative directional angel of the profiles relative to the imposed fluid or gas flow will thereby generate an optimum rotational speed and torque for the turbine.
The complete turbine assembly will normally consist of two or multiple modules stacked on top of each other, where the upper module normally would contain the turbine consisting of a central axis, a profile steering mechanism, supports, generators, pumps, gears, power/pipe connections, handling profiles and multiple fluid / gas profiles. The lower module may primarily be a supporting structure, but may also in some cases include the above mentioned elements.
The overall shape of each profile is parable from bottom to top based on a profile that is optimum for the specific gas or hydrodynamic flow, the range of speed and any special considerations such as gust or turbulent or laminar flow. The actual mathematic function describing the three dimensional form of the profiles is based on density characteristics of the medium, velocity of the flow, diameter and height of the turbine and special effects, such as "shadow" effect from other profiles and structures, stability and vibration. Each of the profiles are constructed as a frame structure covered with flexible material, typically a -coated fabric with integrated stiffeners and chambers. This design allow the profile to take an optimum shape, much like a sail on a sail boat. The form of the profile can be adjusted by means of actuators with respect to establishing the optimum shape for a specific current, thus the engagement angle by stretching the flexible fabric. Each profile will have fixed stiffeners embedded into the fabric or attached to the profile in order to achieve the preferred stiffness. Each profile will also be equipped with flexible channels that can, horizontally and vertically be pressurized with fluid or gases to change the shape in three dimensions of the profile by applying such pressure.
Each profile will also be equipped with a pipe in the front, which can, through multiple holes, flow fluid or gas along the profiles improving the start up of the rotation of the turbine and improving fluid flow to achieve higher efficiency. At the end of each profile a flexible sail will be mounted up alongside the profile to reduce drag created by the profile's supporting structure. Near top and bottom of the profile a set of small profiles may be incorporated to avoid the fluid or gas to slip over the edge, causing loss of performance, as the edge effect like seen on air plane wings.
A steering rod centre or centre ring is controlling the relative angel of attack for the profiles relative to the imposed fluid or gas direction, thus by moving such centre or ring out of the turbines centre, each profile will change angel as it rotates around the central axis, pushed back and forth by the steering rod in a sine form. Each of the steering rods will normally have a fixed distance, while the central point or ring can be moved in any direction, thereby changing the profiles angel of direction versus the flow. Each steering rod will additionally be equipped with an actuator that can, actively or passively change the direction of the profile as it is rotating around the central axis. The steering rod centre or ring is normally located within the turbine module. The position of the steering rod centre or ring is controlled by means of controllable rotational or linear actuators. As the fluid current or wind are changing direction and strength / speed or both, the shape and angel of the profile is subject to be changed based on- reading the generated speed, torque and interpretation of the retrieved sensor data in order to achieve an optimum energy generation. Each profile will be supported transverse into the central axis by fixed rods giving it general structural support and eliminating of vibrations from the generator, the steering control centre, hydraulic pumps, sensor distributions an interface with land or platform through pipes and power cables.
The lower module contains typically the foundation of the unit and optionally the above mentioned elements.
The electrical generator will generate power by torque from the turbine for transmission through an electrical cable. A hydraulic pump will be rotationally driven and used for pumping of fluids, and a gas compressor may be used for pumping gas. The fluids may be pumped for use with a heat exchanger, separate power turbines, replacement of fluid in harbours or aqua systems, de-salinisation systems, fuel cells etc.
A turbine (approximately 15 metres wide by 25 metres high) exposed to a current of 1 ,5 - 2 m/sec will typically give a peak of 500 KW/hr in energy generation.
This application relates to a fluid and gas turbine for generating power, and the turbine is defined by those in the claims mentioned characteristics.
The following five figures describes the invention including details.
Fig. 1 shows a side view of the turbine consisting of a multiple set of fluid profiles (1) each mounted symmetrically in a frame attached at the bottom and the top. A set of supports (2) attached to the central structure (3) is supporting each of the profiles (1). The support (2) and the profiles (1) attachment at the top of the central structure (3) are transferring the main force from the profiles (1) into the corresponding torque. Each fluid profile (1) has one control arm (4) that is controlling the fluid profile's (1) angel relative to the direction of the fluid or gas. Fig. 2A and fig. 2B shows details of a profile (1). The profile (1) is a light weight construction, typically constructed from a frame covered with flexible coated material, typically a coated fabric.
The profile (1) has a soft and slick surface reducing the friction forces, but maintaining lift forces for forward and rotational movement producing a torque through the frame. The angel of attack is changed by the position of the control centre. The light weight cover will be attached to the structure and may be replaced without disassembling the frame structure. A linear or rotational actuator (7) attached between the front and the aft of the frame may be activated, and can thereby stretch the fabric profile to achieve a different stiffness and shape of the flexible fabric profile (1). Multiple flow guides (8) typically constructed from a light weight flexible material may be integrated into the profile (1), preventing gas/fluid from slipping over the edge, otherwise causing disturbance of the flow and performance. A set of sensors (16) will measure direction of the fluid/gases, the speed of the fluid/gases, the pressure and acceleration and stresses at selected places on the profiles (1). Such information will be used to determine the optimum position, angular change and shape of the profiles (1). Each fluid profile (1) have a flexible tail (9) allowing the fluid and or gas flow, diverted along the profile (1), to create the forward thrust, to release with low drag forces. Each profile (1) will have typically a small pipe (10) with perforations (11) mounted in front of the profile (1) along the rim, releasing a flow of gas or fluid or both to generate more lift, and thereby thrust as well as to assist in starting the initial movement of the turbine. The pointing directions of the perforations (11), typically perpendicular to the rotational direction in the pipe (10) are determined by type and shape of structure, speed of turbine as well as type and speed of medium. The pipe (10) may also be used for releasing special fluid or gases required for maintaining the turbine. Each profile (1) has multiple stiffeners (12) integrated or attached to it for the purpose of shaping and stiffening the flexible profile. Each profile (1) will further have et set of stiffeners, (13) fluid or gas filled, and pressurized to change stiffness based on pressure applied. Fig. 3 shows how each control arm (4) is connected to one central steering point or ring (5) which can be moved in any direction based on the direction of the flow. The control arms (4) will normally have a fixed length, but may also be changed permanently by extension, by retraction or dynamically altered as the turbine is rotating by means of an actuator (17). The steering point or ring (5) is controlled and positioned by a set of linear or rotational actuators (6). A typical configuration of a steering point mechanism, which will position the steering point or ring (5), such as the angle of the profiles (1), will have a gas/ fluid aero / hydrodynamic performance close to optimum with respect to generating thrust in all rotational positions, for downstream and upstream positions as well as intermediate positions.
Fig. 4 shows an eccentric ring with its centre (B) will be rotated around the centre of the turbine (A) by means of a rotational step actuator (6). If complete adjustability of the centre B is required, a second eccentric ring and actuator can be incorporated into the rotational assembly.

Claims

Claims
1. Fluid and gas turbine for generating power consisting of two or a multiple set, typically three, of fluid profiles (1) with a frame coated with flexible material, typically a coated fabric, each profile (1) mounted symmetrically to the bottom and the top of a central rotating axis (3), with a set of supports (2) attached to the central axis (3) for supporting each profile (1), c h a ra c t e riz e d b y each fluid profile (1) has one control arm (4) connected to one central steering point or ring (5) which can be moved in any direction based on the direction of the flow, and thus controlled and positioned by a set of linear or rotational actuators (6), a linear or rotational actuator (7) attached between the front and the aft of the frame may be activated, and can thereby stretch the fabric to achieve a different stiffness and shape of the coated profile (1). multiple flow guides (8) may be integrated into the profile (1), preventing gas / fluid from slipping over the edge, a set of sensors (16) will measure direction and speed of fluid/gases, the pressure, acceleration and stresses at selected places on the profile (1), each fluid profile (1) have a flexible tail (9) allowing the fluid and or gas flow, diverted along the profile (1), to create the forward thrust, to release with low drag forces, each profile (1) will have typically a small pipe (10) with perforations (11) mounted in front of the profile (1) along the rim, releasing a flow of gas or fluid or both to generate more lift, and thereby assist in starting the initial movement of the turbine, the pointing directions of the perforations (11), typically perpendicular to the rotational direction in the pipe (10) are determined by type and shape of structure, speed of turbine as well as type and speed of medium, the pipe (10) may also be used for releasing special fluid or gases required for maintaining the turbine, each profile (1) has multiple stiffeners (12) integrated or attached to it for the purpose of shaping and stiffening the flexible profile (1), and each profile (1) will further have a set of stiffeners (13), fluid or gas filled flexible channels, horizontally and vertically, that can be pressurized to change stiffness and shape in three dimensions based on pressure applied.
PCT/NO2004/000316 2003-11-19 2004-10-19 Fluid and wind turbine for generating power WO2005050007A1 (en)

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NO20035141A NO320286B1 (en) 2003-11-19 2003-11-19 Turbine for power generation
NO20035141 2003-11-19

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BE1018108A5 (en) * 2008-04-24 2010-05-04 Turbowinds S A WIND TURBINE, SHEET FOR A WIND TURBINE, SEGMENT FOR A SHEET FOR A WIND TURBINE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND MAKING A WIND TURBINE.
WO2011106737A2 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-09-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated wind turbine
CN101514679B (en) * 2009-03-27 2011-10-05 广州雅图风电设备制造有限公司 Blade of vertical wind driven generator
JP2011231759A (en) * 2010-04-06 2011-11-17 Tottori Univ Aerodynamic lift type vertical axis windmill, aerofoil of aerodynamic lift type vertical axis windmill, and rotor of aerodynamic lift type vertical axis windmill
GB2489325A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-26 John Timothy James Marshall Vertical axis wind turbine with curved blades
EP1878914A3 (en) * 2006-07-10 2012-11-21 Atargis Energy Corporation Cyclical Wave Energy Converter
ITPO20110012A1 (en) * 2011-06-20 2012-12-21 En Eco Energy For Ecology S R L AEROGENERATOR PERFECTED BY VERTICAL AXIS
GB2493166A (en) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-30 Khalil Abu Al-Rubb Sail-type turbine blade with buoyant structure, adjustable tip, flexible reinforcement, tip cap and uncovered non-working parts
US8685998B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2014-04-01 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Tacrolimus for improved treatment of transplant patients
US8870540B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2014-10-28 Isis Innovation Limited Water turbine
ITSS20130004A1 (en) * 2013-05-15 2014-11-16 Catello Raffaele Filippo Monaco "TORRE - CUPOLA EOLICA CHIUDIBILE"
CN105041573A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-11-11 邓允河 Vertical-shaft wind/hydraulic electric generating device
GB2543278A (en) * 2015-10-12 2017-04-19 Act Blade Ltd Wind Turbine Blade
US9757362B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2017-09-12 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Modified release compositions comprising tacrolimus
US11143164B1 (en) * 2018-04-26 2021-10-12 Epic Metals Corporation Vertical windmill blade
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FR2468002A1 (en) * 1979-10-16 1981-04-30 Massimi Pierre Wind turbine with deformable aerofoil blades - has aerofoil blades mounted vertically with leading edge automatically positioned cam deforming aerofoil section to reduce losses
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GB2165008A (en) * 1984-09-25 1986-04-03 Tema Spa Ian vertical-axis wind turbines with flexible blades
GB2216606A (en) * 1988-03-23 1989-10-11 George Jeronimidis Fluid dynamic structures containing anisotropic material
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US9757362B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2017-09-12 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Modified release compositions comprising tacrolimus
US11129815B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2021-09-28 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals Inc. Solid dispersions comprising tacrolimus
US11077096B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2021-08-03 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals Inc. Modified release compositions comprising tacrolimus
US10548880B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2020-02-04 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Solid dispersions comprising tacrolimus
US9763920B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2017-09-19 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Solid dispersions comprising tacrolimus
EP1878914A3 (en) * 2006-07-10 2012-11-21 Atargis Energy Corporation Cyclical Wave Energy Converter
US11123331B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2021-09-21 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Tacrolimus for improved treatment of transplant patients
US11110081B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2021-09-07 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Tacrolimus for improved treatment of transplant patients
US8685998B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2014-04-01 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Tacrolimus for improved treatment of transplant patients
US8870540B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2014-10-28 Isis Innovation Limited Water turbine
US10864199B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2020-12-15 Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S Tacrolimus for improved treatment of transplant patients
WO2008152431A3 (en) * 2007-06-13 2009-06-11 Athanasios Papasideris Wind energy converter comprising adjustable sails
WO2008152431A2 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Athanasios Papasideris Wind energy converter comprising adjustable sails
BE1018108A5 (en) * 2008-04-24 2010-05-04 Turbowinds S A WIND TURBINE, SHEET FOR A WIND TURBINE, SEGMENT FOR A SHEET FOR A WIND TURBINE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND MAKING A WIND TURBINE.
CN101514679B (en) * 2009-03-27 2011-10-05 广州雅图风电设备制造有限公司 Blade of vertical wind driven generator
WO2011106737A3 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-12-29 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated wind turbine
WO2011106737A2 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-09-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated wind turbine
JP2011231759A (en) * 2010-04-06 2011-11-17 Tottori Univ Aerodynamic lift type vertical axis windmill, aerofoil of aerodynamic lift type vertical axis windmill, and rotor of aerodynamic lift type vertical axis windmill
GB2489325A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-26 John Timothy James Marshall Vertical axis wind turbine with curved blades
ITPO20110012A1 (en) * 2011-06-20 2012-12-21 En Eco Energy For Ecology S R L AEROGENERATOR PERFECTED BY VERTICAL AXIS
US10385825B2 (en) 2011-07-26 2019-08-20 Khalil Abu Al-Rubb Turbine blade with adjustable tips
GB2493166A (en) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-30 Khalil Abu Al-Rubb Sail-type turbine blade with buoyant structure, adjustable tip, flexible reinforcement, tip cap and uncovered non-working parts
ITSS20130004A1 (en) * 2013-05-15 2014-11-16 Catello Raffaele Filippo Monaco "TORRE - CUPOLA EOLICA CHIUDIBILE"
JP2016532803A (en) * 2013-05-15 2016-10-20 ラッファエレ フィリッポ モナコ，カテッロ Tower wind generator
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NO320286B1 (en) 2005-11-21
NO20035141D0 (en) 2003-11-19

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