WO2003098034A1 - Wind turbine rotor construction - Google Patents

Wind turbine rotor construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003098034A1
WO2003098034A1 PCT/DK2002/000327 DK0200327W WO03098034A1 WO 2003098034 A1 WO2003098034 A1 WO 2003098034A1 DK 0200327 W DK0200327 W DK 0200327W WO 03098034 A1 WO03098034 A1 WO 03098034A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
wind turbine
turbine rotor
accordance
hub
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2002/000327
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Lars Budtz
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority to PCT/DK2002/000327 priority Critical patent/WO2003098034A1/en
Priority to AU2002316786A priority patent/AU2002316786A1/en
Publication of WO2003098034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003098034A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/0608Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/20Rotors
    • F05B2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/31Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape
    • F05B2240/313Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape with adjustable flow intercepting area
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine construction of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
  • wind turbine rotor constructions of this kind it is known to provide the wind turbine rotor with a number of blades connected to a hub for rotation on a mainly horizontal rotation axis, and providing a pitch control of the blade by a suitable bearing construction positioned at the connection between the blades and the hub.
  • a wind turbine rotor construction of this kind is known from US-5,660,527.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows the increase in power generation as a function of the radial dimension r of the hub extension
  • Figure 3 is a curve indicating the reduction in torque load on the bearing for the pitch control of the blade as a function of the radial position of said bearing.
  • the wind turbine rotor construction shown in Figure 1 comprises a number of blades 1 (only one shown) connected to a hub 2 for rotation on a mainly horizontal rotation axis 3.
  • a hub extension 5 is provided between the hub 2 and the blade 1 , thereby increasing the radial dimension R of the rotor construction and thus the area swept by the blade 1. This will increase the generated power approximately proportional to the increased swept area.
  • a bearing construction 4 is positioned between the blade 1 and the hub 2 in order to be able to control the pitch of the blade 1 , said pitch control being used for controlling the turbine load by controlling the power output and the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor.
  • the position of the bearing 4 is differing from the traditional positioning inside the hub 2, said bearing 4 being positioned at a distance r from the rotational axis 3, and this extra distance is provided by means of a hub extension 5 being fixedly connected to the hub 2 and supporting the bearing construction 4 for mounting the blade 1.
  • the hub extension 5 is an aerodynamically inactive part, i.e. the hub extension 5 does not contribute significantly to the power generation of the wind turbine rotor, but may be formed in an aerodynamically suitable way in order to reduce the windbreaking function of the hub extension 5.
  • the curve shown in Figure 2 indicates the increase in power production as a function of the radial dimension r of the hub extension for a construction in which the radial dimension L of the blade is kept constant and the hub extension is varied.
  • the curve is calculated for a radial dimension L of the blade 1 equal to 45 metres.
  • the curve shown in Figure 3 indicates how the torque load on the bearing construction 4 is reduced, when the radial distance r is increased from being equal to the radius r 0 of the hub 2, and shows that a reduction of approximately 50% can be achieved with a radius r equal to approximately 5 metres for the construction for which these calculations have been made in this graphical illustration, namely a rotor radius R equal to 45 metres.
  • the construction in accordance with Figure 1 comprises a pitch mechanism 6, 7 in the form of a hydraulic piston 6 driven by a hydraulic drive unit 7 mounted in the hub extension 5.
  • the pitch control can be performed by means of other types of mechanical drive means, such as electrical drive, pneumatic drive, etc.
  • the hub extension 5 is provided as a separate unit connected to the hub 2 by means of suitable connecting means 8 and connected to the blade 1 and the corresponding pitch bearing 4 by means of suitable connecting means 9.
  • the hub extension 5 shown in Figure 1 contains the necessary pitch mechanism 6, 7 for controlling the pitch of the blade 1.
  • the blade 1 for connecting to the hub extension 5 is preferably dimensioned in its aerodynamic profile in accordance with the increased radial position of the blade 1.
  • the provision of the hub extension 5 and the blade 1 as separate elements makes the transport of these separate elements from the production site to the erection site easier due to the relative smaller dimensions r, L compared to the total dimension R of the rotor blade with similar radial dimension.
  • the adapted aerodynamic profile of the blade 1 is slimmer than would be the case if the blade 1 extended all the way in direction of the hub 2.

Abstract

In a wind turbine rotor construction comprising a number of blades (1) connected to a hub (2) for rotation on a mainly horizontal rotational axis (3), the connection between at least one blade (1) and the hub (2) comprises a hub extension (5) providing an increase r in a radial dimension R of the blade, said radial dimension being defined as the distance R from the rotational axis (3) to the outer end of the blade (1). The hub extension provides an increase in the produced power corresponding to the increased area swept by the blades.

Description

WIND TURBINE ROTOR CONSTRUCTION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a wind turbine construction of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
BACKGROUND ART
In wind turbine rotor constructions of this kind, it is known to provide the wind turbine rotor with a number of blades connected to a hub for rotation on a mainly horizontal rotation axis, and providing a pitch control of the blade by a suitable bearing construction positioned at the connection between the blades and the hub. A wind turbine rotor construction of this kind is known from US-5,660,527.
From WO 01/55590 it is furthermore known to provide a wind turbine rotor construction with two rotors in tandem, in which connection it is indicated to be possible to provide the pitch control for the larger rotor at a distance from the rotation axis corresponding to the diameter of the small rotor, whereby the pitch control mechanism can be dimensioned smaller.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the present invention to provide a wind turbine rotor construction of the kind referred to above, with which it is possible to increase the power generation in a simple manner, and this object is achieved with a wind turbine rotor construction of said kind, which according to the present invention also comprises the features set forth in the characterising clause of claim 1. With this arrangement, the power generation is increased corresponding to the increased area swept by the blades and this is achieved without providing any further means for compensating for the possible reduced aerodynamic efficiency, such as e.g. the separate small rotor, considered necessary in accordance with WO 01/55590. Preferred embodiments of the invention, the advantages of which are revealed in the following detailed description, are the subject of the subordinate and further independent claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following detailed part of the present description, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments of a wind turbine rotor construction according to the invention shown in the drawings, in which Figure 1 schematically shows a wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with the present invention,
Figure 2 schematically shows the increase in power generation as a function of the radial dimension r of the hub extension, and
Figure 3 is a curve indicating the reduction in torque load on the bearing for the pitch control of the blade as a function of the radial position of said bearing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The wind turbine rotor construction shown in Figure 1 comprises a number of blades 1 (only one shown) connected to a hub 2 for rotation on a mainly horizontal rotation axis 3. A hub extension 5 is provided between the hub 2 and the blade 1 , thereby increasing the radial dimension R of the rotor construction and thus the area swept by the blade 1. This will increase the generated power approximately proportional to the increased swept area. A bearing construction 4 is positioned between the blade 1 and the hub 2 in order to be able to control the pitch of the blade 1 , said pitch control being used for controlling the turbine load by controlling the power output and the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor. In the wind turbine rotor construction shown in Figure 1, the position of the bearing 4 is differing from the traditional positioning inside the hub 2, said bearing 4 being positioned at a distance r from the rotational axis 3, and this extra distance is provided by means of a hub extension 5 being fixedly connected to the hub 2 and supporting the bearing construction 4 for mounting the blade 1. The hub extension 5 is an aerodynamically inactive part, i.e. the hub extension 5 does not contribute significantly to the power generation of the wind turbine rotor, but may be formed in an aerodynamically suitable way in order to reduce the windbreaking function of the hub extension 5.
The curve shown in Figure 2 indicates the increase in power production as a function of the radial dimension r of the hub extension for a construction in which the radial dimension L of the blade is kept constant and the hub extension is varied. The curve is calculated for a radial dimension L of the blade 1 equal to 45 metres.
The curve shown in Figure 3 indicates how the torque load on the bearing construction 4 is reduced, when the radial distance r is increased from being equal to the radius r0 of the hub 2, and shows that a reduction of approximately 50% can be achieved with a radius r equal to approximately 5 metres for the construction for which these calculations have been made in this graphical illustration, namely a rotor radius R equal to 45 metres.
As can be seen from the above curve in Figure 2, it is possible to increase the produced energy and maintain full control of the pitch of the wind turbine rotor construction, allowing traditional pitch control. The construction in accordance with Figure 1 comprises a pitch mechanism 6, 7 in the form of a hydraulic piston 6 driven by a hydraulic drive unit 7 mounted in the hub extension 5. As an alternative, the pitch control can be performed by means of other types of mechanical drive means, such as electrical drive, pneumatic drive, etc.
From the curve shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that the torque load on the bearing 4 for the pitch control mechanism of the blade is reduced in accordance with the radial position r of the bearing 4. Correspondingly, the pitch control mechanism 6, 7 can be reduced in size due to the reduced torque.
In the construction shown in Figure 1 , the hub extension 5 is provided as a separate unit connected to the hub 2 by means of suitable connecting means 8 and connected to the blade 1 and the corresponding pitch bearing 4 by means of suitable connecting means 9. The hub extension 5 shown in Figure 1 contains the necessary pitch mechanism 6, 7 for controlling the pitch of the blade 1. The blade 1 for connecting to the hub extension 5 is preferably dimensioned in its aerodynamic profile in accordance with the increased radial position of the blade 1. The provision of the hub extension 5 and the blade 1 as separate elements makes the transport of these separate elements from the production site to the erection site easier due to the relative smaller dimensions r, L compared to the total dimension R of the rotor blade with similar radial dimension. Furthermore, the adapted aerodynamic profile of the blade 1 is slimmer than would be the case if the blade 1 extended all the way in direction of the hub 2.
In a simplified version, it would be possible to provide an existing wind turbine with a hub extension 5 without changing the profile of the blade 1 and thus increase the possible power generation of the wind turbine correspondingly. However, the adaptation of the profile of the blade 1 will provide a further increase in the generated power. Furthermore, it may be necessary to reduce the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor in order to keep the speed of the tip of the blade 1 below certain limits dictated by among other things the noise generation from the wind turbine.
Above, the invention has been described in connection with preferred embodiments thereof and numerous variations can be envisaged within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

WIND TURBINE ROTOR CONSTRUCTIONCLAIMS
1. Wind turbine rotor construction comprising a number of blades (1) connected to a hub (2) for rotation on a mainly horizontal rotational axis (3), ch aracterised by the connection between at least one blade (1) and the hub (2) comprising a hub extension (5) providing an increase r in a radial dimension R of the blade, said radial dimension being defined as the distance R from the rotational axis (3) to the outer end of the blade (1 ).
2. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with claim 1, characterized by said increase r amounting to at least 15% of the total radial dimension R.
3. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with claim 1 or 2, charact e r i s e d by the aerodynamic profile of the blade (1) being dimensioned in accordance with the increased radial position of the blade (1).
4. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised by the connection between each blade (1) and the hub (2) comprising a hub extension (5).
5. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with any of the preceding claims ch a racteri sed by the connection between the hub (2) and the blade (1) comprising a pitch bearing (4) allowing pitch control of the blade (1 ).
6. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with claim 5, ch aracteri s e d by the pitch bearing (4) being positioned at the outer end of the hub extension (5).
7. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with claim 5 or 6, characte ri se d by the pitch control mechanism (6, 7) being positioned at the pitch bearing (4).
8. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with any of the claims 5-7, characterised by the pitch control mechanism comprising a hydraulic piston (6) for controlling the pitch of the blade (1 ).
9. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with claim 8, characterised by the hydraulic station (7) for supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure to the hydraulic piston (6) being positioned close to the pitch control mechanism (6).
10. Wind turbine rotor construction in accordance with any of the claims 5-7, characterized by the pitch control mechanism comprising an electrical drive mechanism.
11. Blade construction for use in connection with a wind turbine rotor construction with a hub extension (5), c h a r a ct e ri s e d by the blade (1) having an aerodynamic profile dimensioned in accordance with the increased radial position of the blade (1).
12. Hub extension (5) for a wind turbine rotor construction, characterised by comprising means (8) for connecting to the hub (2) and means (9) for connecting to the blade (1), the connection to the blade (1) comprising a bearing (4) for allowing pitch control of the blade (1 ).
13. Hub extension (5) in accordance with claim 12, characterised by the pitch control mechanism (6, 7) being positioned close to the bearing (4).
14. Hub extension (5) in accordance with claim 12 or 13, characterised by the pitch control mechanism (6, 7) being provided in the form of a hydraulic or electric drive (6, 7).
15. Method of increasing the power generated by a wind turbine rotor construction, characterised by comprising the steps of increasing the area swept by the blades (1) by inserting a hub extension (5) between the hub (2) and the blade (1).
16. Method in accordance with claim 15, c h a ra ct e r i s e d by further comprising the step of adapting the profile of the blade (1) to the increased radial position thereof.
17. Method in accordance with any of the claims 15 or 16, characterised by further comprising the step of reducing the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor in accordance with the increased radial dimension of the rotor construction.
18. Method in accordance with claim 17, c h a r a ct e r i s e d by further comprising the step of adapting the profile of the blade (1) to the reduced rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor construction.
PCT/DK2002/000327 2002-05-17 2002-05-17 Wind turbine rotor construction WO2003098034A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2002/000327 WO2003098034A1 (en) 2002-05-17 2002-05-17 Wind turbine rotor construction
AU2002316786A AU2002316786A1 (en) 2002-05-17 2002-05-17 Wind turbine rotor construction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2002/000327 WO2003098034A1 (en) 2002-05-17 2002-05-17 Wind turbine rotor construction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003098034A1 true WO2003098034A1 (en) 2003-11-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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WO (1) WO2003098034A1 (en)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010040829A2 (en) 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Sway As Wind turbine rotor and wind turbine
EP2253837A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-24 Lm Glasfiber A/S Method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having predesigned segment
WO2011124707A2 (en) 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Sway Turbine As Wind turbine rotor and wind turbine
DE202011103091U1 (en) 2010-07-14 2011-11-24 Envision Energy (Denmark) A.P.S. hub extension
WO2012113399A2 (en) 2011-02-23 2012-08-30 Envision Energy (Denmark) Aps A wind turbine blade
WO2013092852A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Lm Wind Power A/S Wind turbine blade assembled from inboard and outboard blade parts
US8888453B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2014-11-18 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade provided with flow altering devices
US8894374B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2014-11-25 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade
US8899922B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2014-12-02 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade with base part having inherent non-ideal twist
GB2517935A (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Mainstream Renewable Power Ltd Wind turbine blade extender
US9057359B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2015-06-16 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade with base part having non-positive camber
GB2539237A (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-14 Statoil Asa Rotor blade shaped to enhance wake diffusion
WO2018007403A1 (en) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-11 Peter Lutz Rotor blade and rotor for megawatt wind turbines
US10502194B2 (en) 2016-05-27 2019-12-10 General Electric Company Wind turbine bearings
US10598159B2 (en) 2016-05-06 2020-03-24 General Electric Company Wind turbine bearings

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2913407A1 (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-16 Goslich Hans Dietrich Wind turbine with rotor blades of reduced length - has resilient couplings between all elements subjected to wind force
NL8204927A (en) * 1982-12-21 1984-07-16 Holland Windturbine B V Post-mounted wind turbine - drives electric generator via gearbox and flexible U-shaped bar
DE4428731A1 (en) * 1994-08-15 1996-02-22 Infan Gmbh Ingenieurgesellscha Variable length rotor blade for wind power systems
US5876181A (en) * 1994-06-27 1999-03-02 Shin; Chan Multi-unit rotor blade system integrated wind turbine
WO2001055590A1 (en) * 2000-01-26 2001-08-02 Aloys Wobben Wind power installation with two rotors in tandem

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2913407A1 (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-16 Goslich Hans Dietrich Wind turbine with rotor blades of reduced length - has resilient couplings between all elements subjected to wind force
NL8204927A (en) * 1982-12-21 1984-07-16 Holland Windturbine B V Post-mounted wind turbine - drives electric generator via gearbox and flexible U-shaped bar
US5876181A (en) * 1994-06-27 1999-03-02 Shin; Chan Multi-unit rotor blade system integrated wind turbine
DE4428731A1 (en) * 1994-08-15 1996-02-22 Infan Gmbh Ingenieurgesellscha Variable length rotor blade for wind power systems
WO2001055590A1 (en) * 2000-01-26 2001-08-02 Aloys Wobben Wind power installation with two rotors in tandem

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010040829A2 (en) 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Sway As Wind turbine rotor and wind turbine
US8729721B2 (en) 2008-10-10 2014-05-20 Sway Turbine As Wind turbine rotor and wind turbine
US8899922B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2014-12-02 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade with base part having inherent non-ideal twist
EP2253837A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-24 Lm Glasfiber A/S Method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having predesigned segment
WO2010133587A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-25 Lm Glasfiber A/S Method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having predesigned segment
CN102459879A (en) * 2009-05-18 2012-05-16 Lm玻璃纤维制品有限公司 Method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having predesigned segment
US9057359B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2015-06-16 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade with base part having non-positive camber
US9033659B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2015-05-19 Lm Glasfiber A/S Method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having predesigned segment
US8888453B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2014-11-18 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade provided with flow altering devices
US8894374B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2014-11-25 Lm Glasfiber A/S Wind turbine blade
WO2011124707A2 (en) 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Sway Turbine As Wind turbine rotor and wind turbine
DE202011103091U1 (en) 2010-07-14 2011-11-24 Envision Energy (Denmark) A.P.S. hub extension
WO2012113399A2 (en) 2011-02-23 2012-08-30 Envision Energy (Denmark) Aps A wind turbine blade
WO2012113399A3 (en) * 2011-02-23 2013-02-07 Envision Energy (Denmark) Aps A wind turbine blade
WO2013092852A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Lm Wind Power A/S Wind turbine blade assembled from inboard and outboard blade parts
GB2517935A (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Mainstream Renewable Power Ltd Wind turbine blade extender
GB2539237A (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-14 Statoil Asa Rotor blade shaped to enhance wake diffusion
WO2016200277A1 (en) 2015-06-10 2016-12-15 Statoil Asa Rotor blade shaped to enhance wake diffusion
EP3308014A4 (en) * 2015-06-10 2019-02-13 Equinor ASA Rotor blade shaped to enhance wake diffusion
GB2539237B (en) * 2015-06-10 2020-12-09 Equinor Asa Rotor blade shaped to enhance wake diffusion
US10975837B2 (en) 2015-06-10 2021-04-13 Equinor Asa Rotor blade shaped to enhance wake diffusion
US10598159B2 (en) 2016-05-06 2020-03-24 General Electric Company Wind turbine bearings
US10502194B2 (en) 2016-05-27 2019-12-10 General Electric Company Wind turbine bearings
WO2018007403A1 (en) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-11 Peter Lutz Rotor blade and rotor for megawatt wind turbines

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