WO2003060319A1 - Wind turbine blade root spacer for increasing the separation of the blade tip from the tower - Google Patents

Wind turbine blade root spacer for increasing the separation of the blade tip from the tower Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003060319A1
WO2003060319A1 PCT/EP2003/000322 EP0300322W WO03060319A1 WO 2003060319 A1 WO2003060319 A1 WO 2003060319A1 EP 0300322 W EP0300322 W EP 0300322W WO 03060319 A1 WO03060319 A1 WO 03060319A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
rotor
wind turbine
flange
rotor blade
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2003/000322
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Aloys Wobben
Original Assignee
Aloys Wobben
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aloys Wobben filed Critical Aloys Wobben
Priority to AU2003206727A priority Critical patent/AU2003206727A1/en
Publication of WO2003060319A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003060319A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind turbine with a tower with a gondola at the top of the tower and a rotor arranged on the gondola with a rotor hub and at least one rotor blade and with an intermediate piece between the rotor hub and the rotor blade, the intermediate piece having a first flange on the Rotor hub is attached and has a second flange for attaching a rotor blade thereon.
  • Such a wind turbine is known from WO 01/42647 and - like the mass of the known wind turbines - is designed as a so-called windward rotor, i. that is, the rotor is located on the wind turbine side of the tower of the wind turbine.
  • the impinging wind bends the rotor blades towards the tower and there is a risk of a rotor blade colliding with the tower, especially when there are strong gusts of wind. At least damage or even destruction of the rotor blade and / or the tower is possible.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the planes of the flanges of the intermediate piece enclose a predetermined acute angle, and the intermediate piece is attached to the rotor hub in such a way that the acute angle opens towards the tower.
  • the invention is based on the finding that, due to the mechanical structure of a rotor blade, the area of the blade tip is particularly strongly deformable and is therefore at risk of collision.
  • the rotor blade in the installed state runs from the rotor blade root with an increasing distance from the tower to the rotor blade tip.
  • the intermediate piece has at least one through hole. This through hole allows, if it is designed as a manhole, access to the interior of the intermediate piece to z. B. To be able to carry out fastening work or maintenance work.
  • Figure 1 shows a known intermediate piece
  • Figure 2 shows an intermediate piece according to the invention
  • Figure 3 is a simplified representation of a rotor hub
  • Figure 4 shows a wind turbine according to the invention.
  • the intermediate piece shown in FIG. 1 comprises a first flange 10, a second flange 12 and a cylindrical section 14 running therebetween. attached hub, the second flange 12 is available for attaching the rotor blade. Since the two flanges 10, 12 are formed in parallel, the rotor blade will run in the direction predetermined by the surface of the hub.
  • Figure 2 shows an intermediate piece according to the invention. This also has a first flange 10, a second flange 12 and an intermediate cylindrical section 14. However, the flanges 10, 12 do not run parallel to each other, but at a predetermined acute angle a (a is approximately between 0.5 ° - 15 °). If this intermediate piece shown in FIG. 2 is fastened to the rotor hub with the first flange 10, the second flange 12 is deflected in accordance with the angle between these two flanges 10, 12.
  • FIG. 3 This is shown in FIG. 3 in a simplified representation.
  • the reference numeral 20 denotes a tower of a wind turbine
  • the reference numeral 18 denotes a machine carrier, to which a rotor hub 16 is attached.
  • Two intermediate pieces 10, 12, 14 according to the invention are attached to the rotor hub 16.
  • Each of the intermediate pieces 10, 12, 14 is fastened to the rotor hub 16 with a flange 10.
  • the intermediate pieces 10, 12, 14 are aligned in such a way that the angle a between the first flange 10 and the second flange 12 opens towards the tower of the wind turbine.
  • the rotor blades 22 attached to the second flanges 12 are thus inclined away from the tower 20 of the wind energy installation by an angle ⁇ and with increasing distance from the rotor hub 16, the distance between the rotor blade 22 and the tower of the wind energy installation 20 increases.
  • the reference numeral 20 in turn denotes the tower of a wind power installation
  • the reference numeral 24 denotes a nacelle in which the generator, the drive train and the rotor hub (not shown in this figure) are accommodated.
  • the rotor blades 22 attached to the rotor hub extend from the nacelle 24 with increasing distance from the tower 20 of the wind turbine.
  • the angle ⁇ enclosed by the flanges (reference numerals 10, 12) in FIGS. 1-3 determines the measure (angle ⁇ ) of the increase in the distance of the rotor blades from the tower 20 of the system.

Abstract

Wind energy plants, comprising a tower, a pod on top of the tower and a rotor arranged on the pod with a rotor hub, at least one rotor blade and a spacer between the rotor hub and the rotor blade. The spacer is fixed to the rotor hub by means of a first flange and comprises a second flange for fixing the rotor blade thereto. According to the invention, a collision between the rotor blade and the tower of the wing energy plant as a result of the wind load may be avoided whereby the planes of the flange include a given acute angle and the spacer is mounted on the rotor hub such that said acute angle opens away from the tower.

Description

WINDTURBINEBLATTWURZELWISCHENSTUCK ZUR VERGROSSERUNG DES BLATTSPITZENABSTANDES ZUM TURMWIND TURBINE BLADE ROOT INTERMEDIATE PIECE TO ENLARGE THE BLADE TIP DISTANCE TO THE TOWER
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Windenergieanlage mit einem Turm mit einer Gondel an der Spitze des Turmes und einem an der Gondel angeordneten Rotor mit einer Rotornabe und wenigstens einem Rotorblatt und mit einem Zwischenstück zwischen der Rotornabe und dem Rotorblatt, wobei das Zwischenstück mit einem ersten Flansch an der Rotornabe befestigt ist und einen zweiten Flansch zur Befestigung eines Rotorblattes daran aufweist.The invention relates to a wind turbine with a tower with a gondola at the top of the tower and a rotor arranged on the gondola with a rotor hub and at least one rotor blade and with an intermediate piece between the rotor hub and the rotor blade, the intermediate piece having a first flange on the Rotor hub is attached and has a second flange for attaching a rotor blade thereon.
Eine solche Windenergieanlage ist aus der WO 01/42647 bekannt und ist - wie die Masse der bekannten Windenergieanlagen - als sogenannter Luv-Läufer ausgebildet, d. h., der Rotor befindet sich an der dem Wind zugewandten Seite des Turmes der Windenergieanlage. Durch den auftreffenden Wind werden die Rotorblätter zum Turm hin gebogen und insbesondere bei heftigen Windböen besteht die Gefahr der Kollision eines Rotorblattes mit dem Turm. Dabei ist wenigstens eine Beschädigung oder sogar eine Zerstörung des Rotorblattes und/ oder des Turmes möglich.Such a wind turbine is known from WO 01/42647 and - like the mass of the known wind turbines - is designed as a so-called windward rotor, i. that is, the rotor is located on the wind turbine side of the tower of the wind turbine. The impinging wind bends the rotor blades towards the tower and there is a risk of a rotor blade colliding with the tower, especially when there are strong gusts of wind. At least damage or even destruction of the rotor blade and / or the tower is possible.
Aus mechanischen Gründen ist es nicht möglich, den Abstand der Rotornabe vom Turm beliebig zu vergrößern, um eine Kollision des Rotorblattes mit dem Turm sicher zu vermeiden.For mechanical reasons, it is not possible to increase the distance of the rotor hub from the tower as desired in order to reliably avoid a collision of the rotor blade with the tower.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Windenergieanlage anzugeben, bei welcher eine Kollision eines Rotorblattes mit dem Turm durch die Verformung des Rotorblattes durch den auftreffenden Wind vermieden wird. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gelöst, dass die Ebenen der Flansche des Zwischenstückes einen vorgegebenen spitzen Winkel einschließen, und das Zwischenstück derart an der Rotornabe angebracht ist, dass sich der spitze Winkel zum Turm hin öffnet. Dabei liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass infolge des mechanischen Aufbaus eines Rotorblattes der Bereich der Blattspitze besonders stark verformbar und somit kollisionsge- fährdet ist. Deshalb ist es erforderlich, den Abstand der Rotorblattspitze vom Turm zu vergrößern, während das Rotorblatt mit seiner Wurzel ohnehin an der Rotornabe befestigt ist und damit in seiner Lage und seinen Abstand vom Turm gehalten wird. Durch das erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Zwischenstück verläuft das Rotorblatt im eingebauten Zustand von der Rotorblattwurzel ausgehend mit einem zunehmendem Abstand vom Turm bis zur Rotorblattspitze.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a wind energy installation in which a collision of a rotor blade with the tower is avoided by the deformation of the rotor blade by the wind. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the planes of the flanges of the intermediate piece enclose a predetermined acute angle, and the intermediate piece is attached to the rotor hub in such a way that the acute angle opens towards the tower. The invention is based on the finding that, due to the mechanical structure of a rotor blade, the area of the blade tip is particularly strongly deformable and is therefore at risk of collision. It is therefore necessary to increase the distance between the tip of the rotor blade and the tower, while the rotor blade is already attached to the rotor hub with its root and is thus held in its position and distance from the tower. Through the intermediate piece designed according to the invention, the rotor blade in the installed state runs from the rotor blade root with an increasing distance from the tower to the rotor blade tip.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Zwischenstück wenigstens ein Durchgangsloch auf. Dieses Durchgangsloch erlaubt, wenn es als Mannloch ausgebildet ist, den Zugang zum Inneren des Zwischenstücks, um dort z. B. Befestigungsarbeiten oder Wartungsarbeiten ausführen zu können.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the intermediate piece has at least one through hole. This through hole allows, if it is designed as a manhole, access to the interior of the intermediate piece to z. B. To be able to carry out fastening work or maintenance work.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Nachfolgend wird eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:An embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show:
Figur 1 ein bekanntes Zwischenstück;Figure 1 shows a known intermediate piece;
Figur 2 ein erfindungsgemäßes Zwischenstück;Figure 2 shows an intermediate piece according to the invention;
Figur 3 eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer Rotornabe; undFigure 3 is a simplified representation of a rotor hub; and
Figur 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Windenergieanlage.Figure 4 shows a wind turbine according to the invention.
Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Zwischenstück umfasst einen ersten Flansch 10, einen zweiten Flansch 12 sowie einen dazwischen verlaufenden zylindrischen Abschnitt 14. Wird dieses Zwischenstück mit dem ersten Flansch 10 an der Rotor- nabe befestigt, steht der zweite Flansch 12 zum Anbringen des Rotorblattes zur Verfügung. Da die beiden Flansche 10, 12 parallel ausgebildet sind, wird das Rotorblatt in der durch die Oberfläche der Nabe vorgegebenen Richtung verlaufen.The intermediate piece shown in FIG. 1 comprises a first flange 10, a second flange 12 and a cylindrical section 14 running therebetween. attached hub, the second flange 12 is available for attaching the rotor blade. Since the two flanges 10, 12 are formed in parallel, the rotor blade will run in the direction predetermined by the surface of the hub.
Figur 2 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Zwischenstück. Dieses weist ebenfalls einen ersten Flansch 10, einen zweiten Flansch 12 sowie einen dazwischen liegenden, zylindrischen Abschnitt 14 auf. Die Flansche 10, 12 verlaufen jedoch nicht parallel zueinander, sondern in einem vorgegebenen spitzen Winkel a (a liegt etwa zwischen 0,5° - 15°). Wird dieses in Figur 2 dargestellte Zwischenstück mit dem ersten Flansch 10 an der Rotornabe befestigt, so ist der zweite Flansch 12 entsprechend dem Winkel zwischen diesen beiden Flanschen 10, 12 ausgelenkt.Figure 2 shows an intermediate piece according to the invention. This also has a first flange 10, a second flange 12 and an intermediate cylindrical section 14. However, the flanges 10, 12 do not run parallel to each other, but at a predetermined acute angle a (a is approximately between 0.5 ° - 15 °). If this intermediate piece shown in FIG. 2 is fastened to the rotor hub with the first flange 10, the second flange 12 is deflected in accordance with the angle between these two flanges 10, 12.
Dieses ist in Figur 3 in einer vereinfachten Darstellung gezeigt. In Figur 3 bezeichnet das Bezugszeichen 20 einen Turm einer Windenergieanlage, das Bezugszeichen 18 bezeichnet einen Maschinenträger, an welchem eine Rotornabe 16 befestigt ist. An der Rotornabe 16 sind zwei erfindungsgemäße Zwischenstücke 10, 12, 14 angebracht. Dabei ist jedes der Zwischenstücke 10, 12, 14 mit einem Flansch 10 an der Rotornabe 16 befestigt. Die Zwischenstücke 10, 12, 14 sind so ausgerichtet, dass der Winkel a zwischen dem ersten Flansch 10 und dem zweiten Flansch 12 sich zum Turm der Windenergieanlage hin öffnet. Die an den zweiten Flanschen 12 angebrachten Rotorblätter 22 sind somit vom Turm 20 der Windenergieanlage um einen Winkel ß weggeneigt und mit zunehmender Entfernung von der Rotornabe 16 wird der Abstand des Rotorblattes 22 zum Turm der Windenergieanlage 20 größer.This is shown in FIG. 3 in a simplified representation. In FIG. 3, the reference numeral 20 denotes a tower of a wind turbine, the reference numeral 18 denotes a machine carrier, to which a rotor hub 16 is attached. Two intermediate pieces 10, 12, 14 according to the invention are attached to the rotor hub 16. Each of the intermediate pieces 10, 12, 14 is fastened to the rotor hub 16 with a flange 10. The intermediate pieces 10, 12, 14 are aligned in such a way that the angle a between the first flange 10 and the second flange 12 opens towards the tower of the wind turbine. The rotor blades 22 attached to the second flanges 12 are thus inclined away from the tower 20 of the wind energy installation by an angle β and with increasing distance from the rotor hub 16, the distance between the rotor blade 22 and the tower of the wind energy installation 20 increases.
Dies wird in Figur 4 nochmals veranschaulicht. In dieser Figur bezeichnet das Bezugszeichen 20 wiederum den Turm einer Windenergieanlage, das Bezugszeichen 24 bezeichnet eine Gondel, in welcher der Generator, der Antriebsstrang sowie die Rotornabe (in dieser Figur nicht dargestellt) untergebracht sind. Die an der Rotornabe angebrachten Rotorblätter 22 verlaufen von der Gondel 24 ausgehend mit zunehmendem Abstand zum Turm 20 der Windenergieanlage. Dabei bestimmt der von den Flanschen (Bezugszeichen 10, 12) in den Figuren 1 - 3 eingeschlossene Winkel ß das Maß (Winkel ß) der Zunahme des Abstands der Rotorblätter vom Turm 20 der Anlage. This is illustrated again in FIG. 4. In this figure, the reference numeral 20 in turn denotes the tower of a wind power installation, the reference numeral 24 denotes a nacelle in which the generator, the drive train and the rotor hub (not shown in this figure) are accommodated. The rotor blades 22 attached to the rotor hub extend from the nacelle 24 with increasing distance from the tower 20 of the wind turbine. there The angle β enclosed by the flanges (reference numerals 10, 12) in FIGS. 1-3 determines the measure (angle β) of the increase in the distance of the rotor blades from the tower 20 of the system.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Windenergieanlage, mit einem Turm mit einer Gondel an der Spitze des Turmes und einem an der Gondel angeordneten Rotor mit einer Rotornabe und wenigstens einem Rotorblatt und mit einem Zwischenstück zwischen der Rotornabe und dem Rotorblatt, wobei das Zwischenstück mit einem ersten Flansch an der Rotornabe befestigt ist und einen zweiten Flansch zur Befestigung eines Rotorblattes daran aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ebenen der Flansche (10, 12) einen vorgegebenen, spitzen Winkel (a) einschließen und das Zwischenstück (10, 12, 14) derart an der Rotornabe (16) angebracht ist, dass sich der spitze Winkel zum Turm (20) hin öffnet.1. Wind turbine, with a tower with a nacelle at the top of the tower and a rotor arranged on the nacelle with a rotor hub and at least one rotor blade and with an intermediate piece between the rotor hub and the rotor blade, the intermediate piece having a first flange on the rotor hub is fastened and has a second flange for fastening a rotor blade thereon, characterized in that the planes of the flanges (10, 12) enclose a predetermined, acute angle (a) and the intermediate piece (10, 12, 14) is thus attached to the rotor hub ( 16) is appropriate that the acute angle to the tower (20) opens.
2. Windenergieanlage nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zwischenstück wenigstens ein Durchgangsloch aufweist.2. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate piece has at least one through hole.
3. Windenergieanlage nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zwischenstück als Gussteil ausgeführt ist. 3. Wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate piece is designed as a cast part.
PCT/EP2003/000322 2002-01-18 2003-01-15 Wind turbine blade root spacer for increasing the separation of the blade tip from the tower WO2003060319A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003206727A AU2003206727A1 (en) 2002-01-18 2003-01-15 Wind turbine blade root spacer for increasing the separation of the blade tip from the tower

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10201726A DE10201726B4 (en) 2002-01-18 2002-01-18 Wind turbine
DE10201726.3 2002-01-18

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AU (1) AU2003206727A1 (en)
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AR038159A1 (en) 2004-12-29

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