EP2297455A2 - Pale de rotor pour une éolienne et éolienne - Google Patents

Pale de rotor pour une éolienne et éolienne

Info

Publication number
EP2297455A2
EP2297455A2 EP09757193A EP09757193A EP2297455A2 EP 2297455 A2 EP2297455 A2 EP 2297455A2 EP 09757193 A EP09757193 A EP 09757193A EP 09757193 A EP09757193 A EP 09757193A EP 2297455 A2 EP2297455 A2 EP 2297455A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor blade
slat
rotor
blade
profile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09757193A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Mickeler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2297455A2 publication Critical patent/EP2297455A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor blade for a wind turbine according to the preambles of claims 1 and 2 and a wind turbine with a rotor blade according to the invention according to the preamble of claim 23.
  • wind turbines consist of a tower, at the end of a rotor is rotatably mounted with radially oriented rotor blades.
  • the wind impinging on the rotor blades causes the rotor to rotate, which drives a generator coupled to the rotor to generate electricity.
  • a possible high efficiency i. to convert the inherent kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy with as little loss as possible.
  • An example of such a wind turbine is described in DE 103 00 284 A1.
  • a braking device is provided to limit the rotor speed.
  • the braking device provides a slat along the leading edge of the rotor blade, which pivots on its longitudinal axis when a limit speed is exceeded pivots and the aerodynamically qualified profile up to the nominal load range such that the air flow abruptly on the top profile and thus produces braking power.
  • the length of the slat is about 75% of the length of the rotor blade.
  • the propulsion generated in the outer area of the rotor blade outweighs the counteracting braking power in the interior, so that only insufficient braking power is made available.
  • the slat these wind turbines thus comes exclusively to the function of overload protection.
  • the object of the invention is to increase wind power plants in their performance, in particular to specify a rotor blade for a wind turbine, which has over its entire interior area an improved efficiency, without having to accept the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • This object is achieved by a rotor blade with the features of claim 1 or 2 and a wind turbine made therefrom according to the features of claim 23.
  • the invention overcomes the ubiquitous notion in the art of aerodynamically optimizing a wind turbine by modifying the profile of the blade root in the blade root region. Instead, the invention takes a completely different approach by compensating for losses due to aerodynamically imperfect or completely inactive blade root profiles by placing a slat in the corresponding area.
  • the arrangement of a slat usually generates, so in a profile with pressure and suction side, a flow of air at high speed from the pressure side of the rotor blade towards the suction side and thus leads to the suction side kinetic energy. Enriched with this kinetic energy, the boundary layer of the flow can better withstand the pressure increase in the rear area of the suction side without detaching.
  • the slat at profile depths of relative thicknesses D / T of 40% and more, that is for so-called Strakprofile by the Strak of a last aerodynamically secured profile of, for example, 40% relative thickness D / T on the circular profile of the immediate sheet connection area arise.
  • the slat has a performance-enhancing effect.
  • this per se neutral profile no buoyancy, only resistance
  • the slat creates an asymmetry of the flow around and thus a suction and a pressure side and thus a useful buoyancy at only a lower
  • the present invention aims at increasing the c a value with the aid of a slat.
  • the slat invention does not necessarily require modifications to the blade profile, it is also possible to retrofit existing wind turbines in accordance with the invention, in order to benefit from an increased power output even with existing systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of the windward side of a wind turbine according to the invention
  • FIG. 2a is a plan view of the suction side of a rotor blade according to the invention of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a partial view obliquely from behind on the inner region of the rotor blade shown in Figures 1 and 2a to f,
  • FIG. 4-5 two partial views of further embodiments of an inventive
  • FIG. 17 is an oblique view of a further embodiment of a rotor blade according to the invention in the region of the inner wing,
  • FIG. 18 shows a cross section through the rotor blade shown in FIG. 17 along the line XVIII-XVIII there
  • FIG. 19 shows a partial cross section through the connection region of a rotor blade according to the invention with the arrangement of a Gurney flap and
  • Fig. 20 is a partial cross-section through an inventive rotor blade with a
  • Fig. 1 shows an inventive wind turbine 1, which is composed of a tower 2, which is firmly anchored with its foot in the ground 3. In the head area of the tower 2 you can see a rotor 4, which is a perpendicular to the
  • the rotor 4 is essentially composed of a hub 5, which is rotatably mounted on the head of the tower 2 and coupled to a generator for generating electricity. In the region of the hub 5, the rotor blades 6 are connected to the rotor 4.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a plan view of the suction side of a rotor blade 6 according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2 b to f show cross sections thereof in the respectively designated solder planes to the blade longitudinal axis.
  • reference numeral 9 denotes the direction of longitudinal extent of the rotor blade 6.
  • the rotor blade 6 extends from the hub-side blade terminal 10 to the free end of the rotor blade 6, which is referred to as the blade tip 11.
  • Fig. 2a From Fig. 2a also a longitudinal structure of the rotor blade 6 can be seen, to which reference is made in the rest of the description.
  • the reference plane for a rotor blade 6 according to the invention is the sheet connection plane 12, which defines the transition of the rotor blade 6 to the hub 5.
  • the distance of the Blattan gleichebene 12 to the axis of rotation 7 is indicated in Fig. 2a with L 1 and corresponds to the hub radius.
  • the circular-cylindrical part of the rotor blade with the length L 2 represents the distance from the sheet connection plane 12 to the beginning of the strake profiles of the rotor blade 6 and is referred to below as the blade connection region.
  • L 3 is the leaf root area , which corresponds to the distance of the Blattan gleichebene 12 for aerodynamically effective sheet beginning.
  • the aerodynamically effective blade start is in the plumb plane to the longitudinal extension direction 9, in which due to a sufficiently aerodynamically qualified profile for the first time a contribution to the power yield of the wind turbine 1 is generated.
  • the aerodynamically effective leaf beginning is also called aerodynamic hub radius.
  • L 4 describes the distance of the sheet connection plane 12 to the first third point of the rotor blade 6, which is also referred to below as the inner region or inner wing.
  • the blade leading edge 13 of the rotor blade 6 is also recognizable, which represents the leading edge during rotation of the rotor 4.
  • the distance between the leading edge 13 and the trailing edge 14 results in the depth T, which increases from the blade connection region L 2 to a point inside the inner wing, from where it decreases continuously towards the blade tip 11.
  • the upper side of the rotor blade shown in FIG. 2a corresponds to the suction side 15, the lower side of the pressure side 16 lying underneath.
  • FIGS. 2b-2f show the different profile cross sections at the specified distances from the sheet connection plane 12. Accordingly, in the blade connection plane 12, the rotor blade 6 has a circular cross section, with which it adjoins the hub 5. The circular cross-section is usually maintained over the entire blade connection area L 2 . Since a circular profile provides no buoyancy without additional measures, no contribution to energy production would be generated in this area. This also applies to a large extent to the first strake profiles of L 3 and L 2 in particular. Figure 2c shows such a profile section, which can contribute virtually nothing to the performance of the rotor without further measures.
  • the flow dissolves on the top and possibly also on the underside and with worse results than in a profile with a well-chosen finite trailing edge thickness.
  • the tread depth increases, tread thickness and rear edge thickness decrease (see Fig. 2e).
  • a slat 20 is provided according to the invention, which, as Figure 2a shows, on the suction side 15 in
  • Longitudinal direction 9 extends at least over the entire distance L3.
  • the slat 20 can, as far as the hub geometry permits, project beyond the blade connection 12 and overlap the hub 5, as FIG. 2 a shows.
  • the profile cuts will have a relative thickness of about 40%, corresponding to a relative radial position r / R (R is the blade radius) of on average 20% to 25%, depending on the blade design.
  • Substantial extensions of the slat beyond this radial position, ie up to profile sections significantly below 40% relative thickness D / T, can prove detrimental, since here the slat contributes too much to the buoyancy and thus the optimum
  • Circulation distribution does not help as well as further inside, but this injures with the result of unnecessarily high induced power dissipation.
  • the leading edge of the slat 20 extends approximately parallel to the leading edge 13 of the rotor blade 6. As shown in FIGS. 2a to 2e, the slat 20 is under
  • Fig. 3 shows the inner wing of the rotor blade 6 shown in Fig. 2a to f from a different perspective, namely obliquely from above on the trailing edge 14.
  • the recognizable in dashed profile profile cross sections are always thicker towards the blade connection area L 2 and therefore require large depths aerodynamically more effective be. Since large blade depths 6 have a disadvantageous effect in the production and transport of rotor blades 6, the trailing edge 14 is cut off in this area, it being accepted that the resulting profiles develop only limited propulsion.
  • a slat 20 is arranged at a distance from the suction side 15 along the front edge 13 of the rotor blade 6. Since the slat 20 also gives the circular cylinder a buoyancy, the slat 20 can even cover the cylindrical blade connection area L 2 and overlaps the inside of the hub 5 of the rotor 4 as far as possible, if necessary.
  • the slat 20 shown in FIGS. 2a to f has a rectangular plan view in plan view, ie, is provided with a constant depth T VF
  • the embodiment of the slat 20 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has one in the direction of the blade root area the blade tip 11 decreasing depth, ie the slat 20 is tapered to the outside.
  • the taper can have both a linear and a curved course.
  • the slat 20 has an aerodynamic profile, d. H. in a Luftumströmung an additional buoyancy is generated on the slat 20, which is effective in addition to the buoyancy of the rotor blade 6 and contributes to the overall performance.
  • Suitable profiles for a slat 20 have a convex suction side 23 and a concave pressure side 24, the latter following a tapered gap 25 of the suction side 15 of the rotor blade 6 follows. With its front edge, which runs approximately parallel to the front edge 13 of the rotor blade 6, the slat 20 forms an air inlet 26. In this area, the gap 25 has its greatest height and is in the direction of downstream air outlet 27 narrower. In this way, an acceleration of the air flow in the gap 25 takes place, which reduces the tendency to flow separation on the suction side 15 of the rotor blade 6.
  • the thickening in the region of the leading edge of the slat 20 which is very easy to produce in this way results in an approximation to an aerodynamically qualified profile and thus increases the performance of the slat 20 in comparison with a wing made of a simple sheet metal.
  • spacers 28 for fastening the slat 20 on the rotor blade 6.
  • the spacers 28 may themselves have an aerodynamic profile in the direction of flow and are interposed between the suction side 15 of the rotor blade 6 and the pressure side 24 of the slat 20 in order to ensure the geometry of the gap 25.
  • screws 29 which extend through the slat 20 and the spacers 28 into the rotor blade 6, the slat 20 is fixed in its intended position.
  • FIG. 8 An alternative embodiment for this purpose is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the wing by means of ribs 30 which are arranged at regular intervals over the length of the slat 20, attached to the rotor blade 6.
  • the ribs 30 are precisely fitted into the gap 25 so that the slat 20 has a larger support surface with the advantage that the exact relative position of the slat 20 relative to the rotor blade 6 can be better maintained.
  • the connection of the ends 31 and 32 of the slat 20 to the rotor blade 6 or to the hub 5 is of particular importance.
  • the slat 20 rests on spaced at regular axial spacers 28 or ribs 30, wherein the inner end 31 and the outer end 32 are freely running, ie these ends collar with a part of her Length over the outer attachment points.
  • the slat 20 includes in the region of its ends 31 and 32 by the arrangement of flush with the slat 20 final end ribs 33 to the rotor blade 6 at. In this way, the induced power loss is minimized.
  • Fig. 12 shows a further possibility of connecting the ends 31 and 32 of the slat 20 to the rotor blade 6.
  • the ends 31 and 32 are bent twice in the opposite direction and screwed with the resulting in this way, parallel to the rotor blade 6 end portion by means of fastening screws ,
  • FIGS. 10 to 12 for connecting the slat 20 to a rotor blade 6 represent a non-exhaustive list of examples, so that the invention is not limited thereto. It is also within the scope of the invention to make the connection of the inner end 31 of the slat 20 different than the connection of the outer end 32. Also, the variants shown in Figs. 10 to 12 can be combined.
  • 13 to 16 relate to the relative position of the inner end 31 of the slat 20 to the hub 5.
  • a rotor 4 is provided to hold the slat 20 arriving in the longitudinal extension direction 9 in the sheet connection region L 2, for example by means of a spacer 28 or rib 30, and in the further course with overlap of the hub 5 free to project.
  • a smallest possible aerodynamically effective sheet start is achieved and thus increases the usable rotor area and reduces the induced power loss.
  • the invention proposes to provide an additional rib 35 on the hub 5 in the region of the inner end 31 of the slat 20.
  • the slat 20 extends in compliance a small air gap to the rib 35, so that the induced power loss is additionally reduced ( Figure 14).
  • FIG. 16 shows the connection of a slat 20 to the hub 5 in a rotor 4 with rigid attachment of the rotor blades 6, as is customary in wind turbines with stable control.
  • the inner end 31 of the slat 20 is mutually cranked twice and screwed with its end portion to the hub 5.
  • slat 20 is an integral part of the rotor blade 6, d.
  • Slat 20 and rotor blade 6 form a monolithic unit, which has been created by forming the slat 20 and possibly also the ribs from a whole. In this way, an aerodynamically high profile is available.
  • FIG. 19 and 20 finally show the combination of a Gurney flap 36 in conjunction with a rotor blade 6 according to the invention with slat 20.
  • the Gurney flap 36 is on the pressure side 16 of the rotor blade 6 along the trailing edge 14 over a length of the slat 20 corresponding possibly shorter or longer

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pale de rotor pour une éolienne, en particulier pour une turbine d'éolienne à axe horizontal dotée d'un profil aérodynamique et comprenant un côté de pression (16) et un côté d'aspiration (15). La profondeur (T) du profil aérodynamique est déterminée par l'écart entre l'arête avant de pale (13) et l'arête arrière de pale (14), et son épaisseur (D) est définie par l'écart entre le côté d'aspiration (15) et le côté de pression (16). La pale de rotor s'étend du raccord de pale (10) à la pointe de pale (11), le long d'une direction d'extension longitudinale. Selon l'invention, un volet avant (20), s'étendant à peu près à partir du raccord de pale (10) sur au maximum un tiers de la longueur de la pale de rotor (6), est disposé sur le côté d'aspiration (15) de la pale de rotor (6) dans la zone de l'arête avant (13), en conservant un espace par rapport au côté d'aspiration (15). A l'aide du volet avant (20), les déficits de puissance dus à des profils aérodynamiquement imparfaits sont au moins en partie compensés dans la zone indiquée et le potentiel de puissance d'une pale de rotor selon l'invention est ainsi augmenté.
EP09757193A 2008-06-03 2009-05-26 Pale de rotor pour une éolienne et éolienne Withdrawn EP2297455A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008026474A DE102008026474A1 (de) 2008-06-03 2008-06-03 Rotorblatt für eine Windkraftanlage sowie Windkraftanlage
PCT/EP2009/003712 WO2009146810A2 (fr) 2008-06-03 2009-05-26 Pale de rotor pour une éolienne et éolienne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2297455A2 true EP2297455A2 (fr) 2011-03-23

Family

ID=41268664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09757193A Withdrawn EP2297455A2 (fr) 2008-06-03 2009-05-26 Pale de rotor pour une éolienne et éolienne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2297455A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008026474A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009146810A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2078852B2 (fr) 2008-01-11 2022-06-22 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Pale de rotor pour éolienne
DK200800723A (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-11-28 Fo900 Invest Aps Wind turbine blade with aerodynamic slit near the root
DK2432993T3 (da) * 2009-05-19 2013-11-11 Vestas Wind Sys As En vindmølle og fremgangsmåde
FR2957387B1 (fr) * 2010-03-09 2017-05-12 Erick Gros-Dubois Eolienne a rendement eleve
EP2383465A1 (fr) * 2010-04-27 2011-11-02 Lm Glasfiber A/S Pale d'éolienne dotée d'un ensemble de lattes
DK2479423T3 (en) * 2011-01-24 2018-05-28 Siemens Ag Wind turbine rotor blade element
JP5297558B1 (ja) * 2011-10-12 2013-09-25 三菱重工業株式会社 風車翼及びこれを備えた風力発電装置ならびに風車翼の設計方法
WO2013060722A1 (fr) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 Lm Wind Power A/S Pale de turbine éolienne équipée d'une lame
US8777580B2 (en) * 2011-11-02 2014-07-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Secondary airfoil mounted on stall fence on wind turbine blade
CN102434384A (zh) * 2011-11-11 2012-05-02 张向增 一种水平轴风力发电机组新型复合材料叶片
NL2007875C2 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-28 Suzlon Blade Technology B V Blade for a wind turbine having a guide vane.
US9175666B2 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-11-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Slat with tip vortex modification appendage for wind turbine
US9151270B2 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-10-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Flatback slat for wind turbine
CA2937543A1 (fr) * 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 Howard Harrison Ensemble de pale d'eolienne a surfaces portantes multiples
US9638164B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2017-05-02 General Electric Company Chord extenders for a wind turbine rotor blade assembly
WO2015113528A1 (fr) 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 Marcinkowsky Michal Pale de rotor double effet pour centrales électriques produisant de l'énergie
DK201570349A1 (en) * 2015-06-04 2016-05-17 Vestas Wind Sys As Wind turbine rotor blade
US10094358B2 (en) * 2015-07-21 2018-10-09 Winnova Energy LLC Wind turbine blade with double airfoil profile
CN105298741B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2018-11-06 周方 风力发电机的加强型叶片
JP6783212B2 (ja) * 2017-10-20 2020-11-11 三菱重工業株式会社 風車翼へのボルテックスジェネレータの配置位置決定方法、風車翼アセンブリの製造方法及び風車翼アセンブリ
DE102019113085A1 (de) * 2019-05-17 2020-11-19 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotorblatt und Windenergieanlage
DE102019113080A1 (de) * 2019-05-17 2020-11-19 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotorblatt und Windenergieanlage
CN113090442B (zh) * 2019-12-23 2022-09-06 江苏金风科技有限公司 可调节翼叶片、其控制方法、控制装置和风力发电机组
DE102022104017A1 (de) 2022-02-21 2023-08-24 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotorblatt einer Windenergieanlage

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DE102006017897B4 (de) * 2006-04-13 2008-03-13 Repower Systems Ag Rotorblatt einer Windenergieanlage
EP2078852B2 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2022-06-22 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Pale de rotor pour éolienne
EP2107235A1 (fr) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-07 Lm Glasfiber A/S Pale d'éolienne dotée d'une surface portante auxiliaire
DK200800723A (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-11-28 Fo900 Invest Aps Wind turbine blade with aerodynamic slit near the root

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009146810A2 (fr) 2009-12-10
WO2009146810A3 (fr) 2010-11-11
DE102008026474A1 (de) 2009-12-10

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