EP1188902A1 - Impingement cooled wall - Google Patents

Impingement cooled wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1188902A1
EP1188902A1 EP00120031A EP00120031A EP1188902A1 EP 1188902 A1 EP1188902 A1 EP 1188902A1 EP 00120031 A EP00120031 A EP 00120031A EP 00120031 A EP00120031 A EP 00120031A EP 1188902 A1 EP1188902 A1 EP 1188902A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
cooling
component
cross flow
cold side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP00120031A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Thomas Dr. Bolms
Peter Tiemann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP00120031A priority Critical patent/EP1188902A1/en
Publication of EP1188902A1 publication Critical patent/EP1188902A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/18Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
    • F01D5/187Convection cooling
    • F01D5/188Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall
    • F01D5/189Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall the insert having a tubular cross-section, e.g. airfoil shape
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12Cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00Components
    • F05D2240/10Stators
    • F05D2240/12Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F05D2240/126Baffles or ribs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/20Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/201Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by impingement of a fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/20Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/221Improvement of heat transfer
    • F05D2260/2214Improvement of heat transfer by increasing the heat transfer surface
    • F05D2260/22141Improvement of heat transfer by increasing the heat transfer surface using fins or ribs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component with a hot gas Wall that has a hot gas side and one of the Has hot gas side opposite cold side, the Wall on the one hand through along the cold side as a cross flow cooling fluid flowing in a cross flow direction and simultaneously by perpendicular to the cold side as impact cooling jets impacting cooling fluid is coolable.
  • US 5,328,331 discloses a coolable gas turbine blade.
  • the gas turbine blade has an integrally formed double wall structure in their airfoil area.
  • the double wall is of an outer blade wall and an inner one Blade wall formed.
  • the outer airfoil wall and the inner airfoil wall are separated from each other by one Bucket wall cavity separated.
  • the inner blade wall is interspersed with holes. Encloses the inner wall of the bucket an inner vane cavity into which cooling air is introduced becomes. This occurs over the holes in the inner wall of the blade Cooling air into the vane wall cavity as vertical Impact cooling jets directed at the outer wall of the blade. This results in effective impingement cooling of the outer wall of the blade reached.
  • WO 98/25009 discloses a turbine blade.
  • the turbine blade has an outer wall around which a hot gas can flow on.
  • the turbine blade also has an inner wall on so that between the outer wall and the inner wall Cooling area formed for the flow of a cooling fluid is. In the cooling area are along a main flow direction of the cooling fluid flow around heat transfer elements arranged one behind the other, the thermally with the External wall are connected. Through a flow through the cooling area with cooling fluid, convective cooling of the External wall reached by heat flow from the heat transfer elements is amplified on the cooling fluid.
  • a gas turbine vane with a guide from Cooling gas for cooling it is described in US Pat. No. 5,419,039.
  • the guide vane is designed as a casting or composed of two castings. She points inside a supply of cooling air from the compressor to the assigned Gas turbine plant on. In their the hot gas flow exposed to the gas turbine, enclosing the air supply Wall structures are cast-in open on one side Cooling bags provided.
  • the cooler bags are on the outside the wall structure both in the flow direction of the hot gas as well as perpendicular to the direction of flow of the hot gas arranged along the main direction of expansion of the guide vane.
  • the cooling air supply flows into each cooler bag cooling air through a plurality of holes in the wall structure in the cooler bag. This is in the flow direction of the Hot gas flows through the cooling air and already occurs in one formed by casting the guide vanes gap across the entire width of the cooler bag the flow of hot gas.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a component with a hot gas-exposed wall, which is particularly efficient is coolable.
  • this object is achieved by specifying a Component with a hot gas-pressurized wall, the one Hot gas side and one opposite the hot gas side Cold side, the wall on the one hand along the cold side as a cross flow in a cross flow direction flowing cooling fluid and at the same time by perpendicular to the Cooling fluid that can be cooled as impact cooling jets, can be cooled is, the impingement cooling jets against the cross flow each by a projection arranged on the cold side are shielded.
  • the invention is based on the finding that cooling the hot gas wall, both by convection cooling by means of a flowing along the cold side Cooling fluids as well as by means of vertically hitting the cold side Impingement cooling jets are two very effective cooling mechanisms connects with each other, but in the usual Technology to reduce the efficiency of impingement cooling leads.
  • the impact cooling jets by means of a projection arranged on the cold side shield against the cross flow so that a Interference with the vertical impingement of the impingement cooling jets the cold side is at least largely reduced by the cross flow becomes.
  • the lead can also be considered a Heat transfer element serve which the effective surface the cold side enlarged and thus a reinforced Cooling caused by the cross flow.
  • the protrusions Preferably at least some of the protrusions have on them with respect to the cross flow direction downstream side a bulge on that in the cross flow a slipstream area generates in which slipstream area an impact cooling jet strikes the cold side.
  • the lead is specifically designed by the bulge so that a pronounced slipstream area on the downstream side of the lead. In this slipstream area the impact cooling jet is almost unaffected by the cross flow hit vertically on the cold side and thereby effective baffle cooling.
  • At least some of the projections have on them with respect to the cross-flow direction side one Contour with a low flow resistance for the cross flow on.
  • a contour can e.g. an approximately oval Be shape with a tip of the oval opposite the cross flow direction is directed. Due to the low flow resistance for the cross flow this is in its flow velocity only slightly affected by the protrusions, which in turn provides high convective cooling for the Cold side.
  • there is a contour a comparatively low flow resistance large surface of the tab. This is a heat transfer further reinforced from the wall to the cooling fluid.
  • a baffle cooling wall is preferably spaced from the cold side arranged at least over some of the protrusions is connected to the wall. There are openings in the baffle cooling wall provided, from which the impact cooling jets emerge.
  • the connection of the baffle cooling wall via the projections with the On the one hand, wall allows easy attachment of the Baffle cooling wall and on the other hand a further improved heat transfer by conduction from the protrusions the baffle cooling wall.
  • the component is preferably designed as a gas turbine blade, the wall being an outer blade wall.
  • a Gas turbine blade is particularly high thermal loads exposed, usually only through effective Cooling can be caught. Any improvement in the Cooling efficiency in a gas turbine blade leads to one lower cooling air consumption and this in turn leads to a improved efficiency of a gas turbine in which the Gas turbine blade is installed.
  • the baffle cooling wall is preferably an airfoil inner wall.
  • the airfoil inner wall can be both integral with the Blade outer wall can be shaped as well as an impact cooling insert be carried out in the interior of the airfoil.
  • one thus designed gas turbine blade is cooling air into Airfoil interior fed. Over the airfoil inner wall this cooling air passes over impingement cooling openings as impinging cooling jets and hits the cold side of the outer blade wall.
  • the cooling fluid is preferably cooling air.
  • the wall with the projections is further preferably in one piece cast.
  • the component is preferably designed as a gas turbine guide vane.
  • Figure 1 shows a gas turbine blade 1.
  • the gas turbine blade 1 has an airfoil area 3, a platform area 5 and a fastening area 7.
  • the airfoil area 3 has an outer blade wall 9.
  • the outer airfoil 9 encloses an inner cavity 11.
  • In the inner cavity 11 is the same as Blade outer wall 9 a blade inner wall 13 so arranged that between the outer blade wall 9 and of the airfoil inner wall 13 a wall cavity 14 is formed is.
  • the airfoil inner wall 11 is with the airfoil outer wall 9 connected via cylindrical projections 15, that on the inside cold side 16 of the blade outer wall 9 are arranged.
  • the blade outer wall 9 Opposite the cold side 16 the blade outer wall 9 has a hot gas side 18, that in the operation of a gas turbine into which the gas turbine blade 1 is installed, flows around the blade outer wall 9. at Such a flow around with hot gas becomes the gas turbine blade 1 exposed to temperatures so high that cooling by means of cooling air 25 is necessary, which in one of the Blade cavity inner wall 13 encloses blade cavity 17 is initiated.
  • the cooling air emerges from the blade cavity 17 25 through holes 19 in the inner blade wall 13 in the Wall cavity 14 in the form of impact cooling jets 29.
  • the Impingement cooling jets 29 strike the cold side 16 of the outer blade wall 9.
  • the impacted cooling air 25 then forms a transverse flow 27 towards a trailing edge of the airfoil 23.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a gas turbine blade 1, which largely corresponds to the embodiment from FIG. 1.
  • a decisive improvement in cooling efficiency will, however by the arrangement of the projections 15 and the impingement cooling openings 19 scored.
  • the projections 15 shield the impingement cooling jets 29, which emerge from the impingement cooling openings 19 opposite the cross flow 27. As a result, the impact cooling jets 29 not disturbed and hit almost ideally vertically to the cold side 16.
  • a particularly efficient shielding is achieved by the special shape of the projections 15, what is explained in more detail with reference to Figure 3.
  • FIG 3 shows in detail a part of the cooling structure of the gas turbine blade 1 from Figure 2.
  • the projections 15 are with an oval contour so that on the one hand the cross flow 27 by one in the cross flow direction behind each Projection 15 lying baffle cooling opening 19 is passed around.
  • the oval shape also leads to a low flow resistance for the cross flow 27.
  • each projection 15 a bulge 43 on its based on the Cross flow direction on the downstream side. Through this Bulge 43 becomes a slipstream area particularly effectively 45 generated, which the influence of the cross flow 27 on the Impingement cooling jets 29 reduced particularly efficiently.
  • the related on the upstream side 41 the projection 15 is still comparatively due to the oval contour large area, so that an improved Heat transfer from the origin 15 to the cooling air 25 results.

Abstract

A component (1) has a panel (9) impacted by hot gases and cooled by impact-cooling jets (29), each of which is protected from a crosswise flow of cooling liquid by a projecting part (15).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bauteil mit einer heißgas-beaufschlagbaren Wand, die eine Heißgasseite und eine der Heißgasseite gegenüberliegende Kaltseite aufweist, wobei die Wand einerseits durch entlang der Kaltseite als Querströmung in einer Querströmungsrichtung strömendes Kühlfluid und gleichzeitig durch senkrecht auf die Kaltseite als Prallkühlstrahlen aufprallendes Kühlfluid kühlbar ist.The invention relates to a component with a hot gas Wall that has a hot gas side and one of the Has hot gas side opposite cold side, the Wall on the one hand through along the cold side as a cross flow cooling fluid flowing in a cross flow direction and simultaneously by perpendicular to the cold side as impact cooling jets impacting cooling fluid is coolable.

Die US 5,328,331 offenbart eine kühlbare Gasturbinenschaufel. Die Gasturbinenschaufel weist eine integral gebildete Doppelwandstruktur in ihrem Schaufelblattbereich auf. Die Doppelwand ist von einer äußeren Schaufelblattwand und einer inneren Schaufelblattwand gebildet. Die äußere Schaufelblattwand und die innere Schaufelblattwand sind voneinander durch einen Schaufelwandhohlraum getrennt. Durch den Schaufelwandhohlraum führen die Schaufelaußenwand und die Schaufelinnenwand verbindend integral mit der Schaufelaußenwand und der Schaufelinnenwand ausgeführte Vorsprünge. Die Schaufelinnenwand ist mit Bohrungen durchsetzt. Die Schaufelinnenwand umschließt einen inneren Schaufelhohlraum, in den Kühlluft eingeleitet wird. Über die Bohrungen der Schaufelinnenwand tritt die Kühlluft in den Schaufelwandhohlraum ein, und zwar als senkrecht auf die Schaufelaußenwand gerichtete Prallkühlstrahlen. Hierdurch wird eine effektive Prallkühlung der Schaufelaußenwand erreicht.US 5,328,331 discloses a coolable gas turbine blade. The gas turbine blade has an integrally formed double wall structure in their airfoil area. The double wall is of an outer blade wall and an inner one Blade wall formed. The outer airfoil wall and the inner airfoil wall are separated from each other by one Bucket wall cavity separated. Through the vane wall cavity guide the blade outer wall and the blade inner wall connecting integral with the blade outer wall and the blade inner wall executed protrusions. The inner blade wall is interspersed with holes. Encloses the inner wall of the bucket an inner vane cavity into which cooling air is introduced becomes. This occurs over the holes in the inner wall of the blade Cooling air into the vane wall cavity as vertical Impact cooling jets directed at the outer wall of the blade. This results in effective impingement cooling of the outer wall of the blade reached.

Die WO 98/25009 offenbart eine Turbinenschaufel. Die Turbinenschaufel weist eine von einem Heißgas umströmbare Außenwand auf. Die Turbinenschaufel weist weiterhin eine Innenwand auf, so dass zwischen der Außenwand und der Innenwand ein Kühlbereich zur Durchströmung mit einem Kühlfluid gebildet ist. In den Kühlbereich sind entlang einer Hauptströmungsrichtung des Kühlfluides umströmbare Wärmeübertragungselemente hintereinander angeordnet, die wärmetechnisch mit der Außenwand verbunden sind. Durch eine Durchströmung des Kühlbereichs mit Kühlfluid wird eine konvektive Kühlung der Außenwand erreicht, die durch einen Wärmefluss von den Wärmeübertragungselementen auf das Kühlfluid verstärkt wird.WO 98/25009 discloses a turbine blade. The turbine blade has an outer wall around which a hot gas can flow on. The turbine blade also has an inner wall on so that between the outer wall and the inner wall Cooling area formed for the flow of a cooling fluid is. In the cooling area are along a main flow direction of the cooling fluid flow around heat transfer elements arranged one behind the other, the thermally with the External wall are connected. Through a flow through the cooling area with cooling fluid, convective cooling of the External wall reached by heat flow from the heat transfer elements is amplified on the cooling fluid.

Eine Leitschaufel einer Gasturbine mit einer Führung von Kühlgas zu deren Kühlung ist in der US 5,419 039 A beschrieben. Die Leitschaufel ist als ein Gussstück ausgeführt bzw. aus zwei Gussstücken zusammengesetzt. Sie weist in ihrem Inneren eine Zuführung von Kühlluft aus dem Verdichter der zugeordneten Gasturbinenanlage auf. In ihrer der Heißgasströmung der Gasturbine ausgesetzten, die Luftzuführung umschließenden Wandstruktur sind eingegossene einseitig offene Kühltaschen vorgesehen. Die Kühltaschen sind an der Außenseite der Wandstruktur sowohl in Strömungsrichtung des Heißgases als auch senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Heißgases entlang der Hauptausdehnungsrichtung der Leitschaufel angeordnet. In jede Kühltasche strömt von der Kühlluftzuführung über eine Mehrzahl von Löchern in der Wandstruktur Kühlluft in die Kühltasche ein. Diese wird in Strömungsrichtung des Heißgases von der Kühlluft durchströmt und tritt in einem bereits durch das Gießen der Leitschaufeln gebildeten, sich über die gesamte Breite der Kühltasche erstreckenden Spalt in die Strömung des Heißgases aus.A gas turbine vane with a guide from Cooling gas for cooling it is described in US Pat. No. 5,419,039. The guide vane is designed as a casting or composed of two castings. She points inside a supply of cooling air from the compressor to the assigned Gas turbine plant on. In their the hot gas flow exposed to the gas turbine, enclosing the air supply Wall structures are cast-in open on one side Cooling bags provided. The cooler bags are on the outside the wall structure both in the flow direction of the hot gas as well as perpendicular to the direction of flow of the hot gas arranged along the main direction of expansion of the guide vane. The cooling air supply flows into each cooler bag cooling air through a plurality of holes in the wall structure in the cooler bag. This is in the flow direction of the Hot gas flows through the cooling air and already occurs in one formed by casting the guide vanes gap across the entire width of the cooler bag the flow of hot gas.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Angabe eines Bauteils mit einer heißgas-beaufschlagbaren Wand, welches besonders effizient kühlbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a component with a hot gas-exposed wall, which is particularly efficient is coolable.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch Angabe eines Bauteils mit einer heißgas-beaufschlagbaren Wand, die eine Heißgasseite und eine der Heißgasseite gegenüberliegende Kaltseite aufweist, wobei die Wand einerseits durch entlang der Kaltseite als Querströmung in einer Querströmungsrichtung strömendes Kühlfluid und gleichzeitig durch senkrecht auf die Kaltseite als Prallkühlstrahlen aufprallendes Kühlfluid kühlbar ist, wobei die Prallkühlstrahlen gegenüber der Querströmung jeweils durch einen auf der Kaltseite angeordneten Vorsprung abgeschirmt sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved by specifying a Component with a hot gas-pressurized wall, the one Hot gas side and one opposite the hot gas side Cold side, the wall on the one hand along the cold side as a cross flow in a cross flow direction flowing cooling fluid and at the same time by perpendicular to the Cooling fluid that can be cooled as impact cooling jets, can be cooled is, the impingement cooling jets against the cross flow each by a projection arranged on the cold side are shielded.

Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, dass eine Kühlung der heißgasbeaufschlagbaren Wand sowohl durch eine Konvektionskühlung mittels eines entlang der Kaltseite strömenden Kühlfluides als auch mittels senkrecht auf die Kaltseite auftreffender Prallkühlstrahlen zwar zwei sehr effektive Kühlmechanismen miteinander verbindet, dies aber in gewöhnlicher Technologie zu einer Verringerung der Effizienz der Prallkühlung führt. Um die kühlende Querströmung einerseits beizubehalten, andererseits aber die Prallkühlung nicht zu beeinträchtigen, wird nun erstmals vorgeschlagen, die Prallkühlstrahlen mittels eines auf der Kaltseite angeordneten Vorsprungs so gegenüber der Querströmung abzuschirmen, dass eine Störung des senkrechten Auftreffens der Prallkühlstrahlen auf die Kaltseite durch die Querströmung zumindest weitgehend reduziert wird. Der Vorsprung kann dabei gleichzeitig als ein Wärmeübertragungselement dienen, welches die effektive Oberfläche der Kaltseite vergrößert und damit eine verstärkte Kühlung durch die Querströmung bewirkt. Somit werden erstmals die konvektive Kühlung mittels der Querströmung und die Prallkühlung mittels Prallkühlstrahlen so miteinander kombiniert, dass keine gegenseitige Beeinträchtigung erfolgt.The invention is based on the finding that cooling the hot gas wall, both by convection cooling by means of a flowing along the cold side Cooling fluids as well as by means of vertically hitting the cold side Impingement cooling jets are two very effective cooling mechanisms connects with each other, but in the usual Technology to reduce the efficiency of impingement cooling leads. To maintain the cooling cross-flow on the one hand, on the other hand not to affect the impingement cooling, is now proposed for the first time, the impact cooling jets by means of a projection arranged on the cold side shield against the cross flow so that a Interference with the vertical impingement of the impingement cooling jets the cold side is at least largely reduced by the cross flow becomes. The lead can also be considered a Heat transfer element serve which the effective surface the cold side enlarged and thus a reinforced Cooling caused by the cross flow. Thus, for the first time the convective cooling by means of the cross flow and the Impingement cooling combined with impingement cooling jets that there is no mutual interference.

Vorzugsweise weisen zumindest einige der Vorsprünge auf ihrer bezüglich der Querströmungsrichtung abströmseitigen Seite eine Ausbuchtung auf, die in der Querströmung ein Windschattengebiet erzeugt, in welchem Windschattengebiet ein Prallkühlstrahl auf die Kaltseite auftrifft. Der Vorsprung ist also durch die Ausbuchtung gezielt so gestaltet, dass ein ausgeprägtes Windschattengebiet auf der abströmseitigen Seite des Vorsprungs entsteht. In diesem Windschattengebiet kann der Prallkühlstrahl nahezu unbeeinträchtigt von der Querströmung senkrecht auf die Kaltseite auftreffen und hierdurch eine effektive Prallkühlung bewirken. Preferably at least some of the protrusions have on them with respect to the cross flow direction downstream side a bulge on that in the cross flow a slipstream area generates in which slipstream area an impact cooling jet strikes the cold side. The lead is specifically designed by the bulge so that a pronounced slipstream area on the downstream side of the lead. In this slipstream area the impact cooling jet is almost unaffected by the cross flow hit vertically on the cold side and thereby effective baffle cooling.

Bevorzugt weisen zumindest einige der Vorsprünge auf ihrer bezüglich der Querströmungsrichtung anströmigen Seite eine Kontur mit einem niedrigen Strömungswiderstand für die Querströmung auf. Eine solche Kontur kann z.B. eine etwa ovale Form sein, wobei eine Spitze des Ovals entgegen der Querströmungsrichtung gerichtet ist. Durch den niedrigen Strömungswiderstand für die Querströmung wird diese in ihrer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit nur geringfügig durch die Vorsprünge beeinträchtigt, was wiederum eine hohe konvektive Kühlung für die Kaltseite zur Folge hat. Zudem ergibt sich bei einer Kontur mit einem niedrigen Strömungswiderstand eine vergleichsweise große Oberfläche des Vorsprungs. Hierdurch wird ein Wärmeübertrag von der Wand auf das Kühlfluid weiter verstärkt.Preferably, at least some of the projections have on them with respect to the cross-flow direction side one Contour with a low flow resistance for the cross flow on. Such a contour can e.g. an approximately oval Be shape with a tip of the oval opposite the cross flow direction is directed. Due to the low flow resistance for the cross flow this is in its flow velocity only slightly affected by the protrusions, which in turn provides high convective cooling for the Cold side. In addition, there is a contour a comparatively low flow resistance large surface of the tab. This is a heat transfer further reinforced from the wall to the cooling fluid.

Vorzugsweise ist beabstandet von der Kaltseite eine Prallkühlwand angeordnet, die zumindest über einige der Vorsprünge mit der Wand verbunden ist. In der Prallkühlwand sind Öffnungen vorgesehen, aus denen die Prallkühlstrahlen austreten. Die Verbindung der Prallkühlwand über die Vorsprünge mit der Wand ermöglicht einerseits eine einfache Befestigung der Prallkühlwand und andererseits eine weiter verbesserte Wärmeübertragung durch Wärmeleitung aus den Vorsprüngen heraus in die Prallkühlwand.A baffle cooling wall is preferably spaced from the cold side arranged at least over some of the protrusions is connected to the wall. There are openings in the baffle cooling wall provided, from which the impact cooling jets emerge. The connection of the baffle cooling wall via the projections with the On the one hand, wall allows easy attachment of the Baffle cooling wall and on the other hand a further improved heat transfer by conduction from the protrusions the baffle cooling wall.

Vorzugsweise ist das Bauteil als Gasturbinenschaufel ausgeführt, wobei die Wand eine Schaufelblattaußenwand ist. Eine Gasturbinenschaufel ist besonders hohen thermischen Belastungen ausgesetzt, die in der Regel nur durch eine effektive Kühlung aufgefangen werden können. Jede Verbesserung in der Kühleffizienz bei einer Gasturbinenschaufel führt zu einem niedrigeren Kühlluftverbrauch und dies führt wiederum zu einem verbesserten Wirkungsgrad einer Gasturbine, in der die Gasturbinenschaufel eingebaut ist.The component is preferably designed as a gas turbine blade, the wall being an outer blade wall. A Gas turbine blade is particularly high thermal loads exposed, usually only through effective Cooling can be caught. Any improvement in the Cooling efficiency in a gas turbine blade leads to one lower cooling air consumption and this in turn leads to a improved efficiency of a gas turbine in which the Gas turbine blade is installed.

Bevorzugt ist die Prallkühlwand eine Schaufelblattinnenwand. Die Schaufelblattinnenwand kann sowohl integral mit der Schaufelblattaußenwand geformt sein, als auch als ein Prallkühleinsatz im Schaufelblatt-Inneren ausgeführt sein. Einer so ausgestalteten Gasturbinenschaufel wird Kühlluft ins Schaufelblatt-Innere zugeführt. Über die Schaufelblatt-Innenwand tritt diese Kühlluft über Prallkühlöffnungen als-Prallkühlstrahlen aus und trifft auf die Kaltseite der Schaufelblatt-Außenwand.The baffle cooling wall is preferably an airfoil inner wall. The airfoil inner wall can be both integral with the Blade outer wall can be shaped as well as an impact cooling insert be carried out in the interior of the airfoil. one thus designed gas turbine blade is cooling air into Airfoil interior fed. Over the airfoil inner wall this cooling air passes over impingement cooling openings as impinging cooling jets and hits the cold side of the outer blade wall.

Bevorzugtermaßen ist das Kühlfluid Kühlluft.The cooling fluid is preferably cooling air.

Weiter bevorzugt ist die Wand mit den Vorsprüngen einstückig gegossen.The wall with the projections is further preferably in one piece cast.

Vorzugsweise ist das Bauteil als Gasturbinenleitschaufel ausgeführt.The component is preferably designed as a gas turbine guide vane.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung beispielhaft näher erläutert. Es zeigen teilweise schematisch und nicht maßstäblich:

FIG 1
eine Gasturbinenschaufel nach dem Stand der Technik,
FIG 2
einen Ausschnitt einer Gasturbinenschaufel mit verbesserter Kühlung, und
FIG 3
eine Detailansicht der Kühlstruktur aus Figur 2.
The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing. Some of them show schematically and not to scale:
FIG. 1
a gas turbine blade according to the prior art,
FIG 2
a section of a gas turbine blade with improved cooling, and
FIG 3
a detailed view of the cooling structure of Figure 2.

Gleiche Bezugszeichen haben in den verschiedenen Figuren die gleiche Bedeutung.The same reference numerals have in the different figures same meaning.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Gasturbinenschaufel 1. Die Gasturbinenschaufel 1 weist einen Schaufelblattbereich 3, einen Plattformbereich 5 und einen Befestigungsbereich 7 auf. Der Schaufelblattbereich 3 weist eine Schaufelblattaußenwand 9 auf. Die Schaufelblattaußenwand 9 umschließt einen inneren Hohlraum 11. In dem inneren Hohlraum 11 ist gleich verlaufend zur Schaufelblattaußenwand 9 eine Schaufelblattinnenwand 13 so angeordnet, dass zwischen der Schaufelblattaußenwand 9 und der Schaufelblattinnenwand 13 ein Wandhohlraum 14 gebildet ist. Die Schaufelblattinnenwand 11 ist mit der Schaufelblattaußenwand 9 über zylindrisch ausgeführte Vorsprünge 15 verbunden, die an der innenliegenden Kaltseite 16 der Schaufelaußenwand 9 angeordnet sind. Der Kaltseite 16 gegenüberliegend weist die Schaufelaußenwand 9 eine Heißgasseite 18 auf, die im Betrieb einer Gasturbine, in die die Gasturbinenschaufel 1 eingebaut ist, die Schaufelaußenwand 9 umströmt. Bei einer solchen Umströmung mit Heißgas wird die Gasturbinenschaufel 1 so hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt, dass eine Kühlung mittels Kühlluft 25 nötig ist, die in einen von der Schaufelblattinnenwand 13 umschlossenen Schaufelhohlraum 17 eingeleitet wird. Vom Schaufelhohlraum 17 tritt die Kühlluft 25 über Bohrungen 19 in der Schaufelblattinnenwand 13 in den Wandhohlraum 14 in Form von Prallkühlstrahlen 29 aus. Die Prallkühlstrahlen 29 treffen auf die Kaltseite 16 der Schaufelblattaußenwand 9. Die aufgeprallte Kühlluft 25 bildet sodann eine Querströmung 27 in Richtung auf eine Schaufelblatthinterkante 23. Im Bereich der Schaufelblatthinterkante 23 tritt die Kühlluft 25 über Kanäle 21 aus. Die Vielzahl von Prallkühlstrahlen 29 führt zu einer sich immer weiter in Richtung auf die Schaufelhinterkante 23 verstärkenden Querströmung 27. Diese Querströmung 27 stört die Prallkühlstrahlen 29, da diese nicht mehr ideal senkrecht auf die Kaltseite 16 auftreffen. Die Effektivität der Prallkühlung wird somit durch die Querströmung 27 verringert. Dieser Nachteil wird durch ein neues Kühlkonzept vermieden, welches näher anhand der Figuren 2 und 3 erläutert wird.Figure 1 shows a gas turbine blade 1. The gas turbine blade 1 has an airfoil area 3, a platform area 5 and a fastening area 7. The airfoil area 3 has an outer blade wall 9. The outer airfoil 9 encloses an inner cavity 11. In the inner cavity 11 is the same as Blade outer wall 9 a blade inner wall 13 so arranged that between the outer blade wall 9 and of the airfoil inner wall 13 a wall cavity 14 is formed is. The airfoil inner wall 11 is with the airfoil outer wall 9 connected via cylindrical projections 15, that on the inside cold side 16 of the blade outer wall 9 are arranged. Opposite the cold side 16 the blade outer wall 9 has a hot gas side 18, that in the operation of a gas turbine into which the gas turbine blade 1 is installed, flows around the blade outer wall 9. at Such a flow around with hot gas becomes the gas turbine blade 1 exposed to temperatures so high that cooling by means of cooling air 25 is necessary, which in one of the Blade cavity inner wall 13 encloses blade cavity 17 is initiated. The cooling air emerges from the blade cavity 17 25 through holes 19 in the inner blade wall 13 in the Wall cavity 14 in the form of impact cooling jets 29. The Impingement cooling jets 29 strike the cold side 16 of the outer blade wall 9. The impacted cooling air 25 then forms a transverse flow 27 towards a trailing edge of the airfoil 23. In the area of the trailing edge 23 the cooling air 25 exits via channels 21. The multitude of Impingement cooling jets 29 leads to an ever increasing Direction to the blade trailing edge 23 reinforcing cross flow 27. This cross flow 27 interferes with the impingement cooling jets 29, since this is no longer ideally perpendicular to the cold side 16 hit. The effectiveness of impact cooling is thus reduced by the cross flow 27. This disadvantage will avoided by a new cooling concept, which is based on of Figures 2 and 3 is explained.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer Gasturbinenschaufel 1, der in weiten Teilen der Ausführung aus Figur 1 entspricht. Eine entscheidende Verbesserung der Kühleffizienz wird aber durch die Anordnung der Vorsprünge 15 und der Prallkühlöffnungen 19 erzielt. Die Vorsprünge 15 schirmen die Prallkühlstrahlen 29, die aus den Prallkühlöffnungen 19 austreten, gegenüber der Querströmung 27 ab. Hierdurch werden die Prallkühlstrahlen 29 nicht gestört und treffen nahezu ideal senkrecht auf die Kaltseite 16. Eine besonders effiziente Abschirmung wird durch die besondere Form der Vorsprünge 15 erzielt, was näher anhand von Figur 3 erläutert wird.FIG. 2 shows a section of a gas turbine blade 1, which largely corresponds to the embodiment from FIG. 1. A decisive improvement in cooling efficiency will, however by the arrangement of the projections 15 and the impingement cooling openings 19 scored. The projections 15 shield the impingement cooling jets 29, which emerge from the impingement cooling openings 19 opposite the cross flow 27. As a result, the impact cooling jets 29 not disturbed and hit almost ideally vertically to the cold side 16. A particularly efficient shielding is achieved by the special shape of the projections 15, what is explained in more detail with reference to Figure 3.

Figur 3 zeigt im Detail einen Teil der Kühlstruktur der Gasturbinenschaufel 1 aus Figur 2. Die Vorsprünge 15 sind mit einer ovalen Kontur so ausgebildet, dass einerseits die Querströmung 27 um eine in Querströmungsrichtung hinter jedem Vorsprung 15 liegende Prallkühlöffnung 19 herumgeleitet wird. Die ovale Form führt zudem zu einem niedrigen Strömungswiderstand für die Querströmung 27. Weiterhin weist jeder Vorsprung 15 eine Ausbuchtung 43 auf seiner bezogen auf die Querströmungsrichtung abströmseitigen Seite auf. Durch diese Ausbuchtung 43 wird besonders effektiv ein Windschattengebiet 45 erzeugt, welches den Einfluß der Querströmung 27 auf die Prallkühlstrahlen 29 besonders effizient verringert. Die bezogen auf die Querströmungsrichtung anströmseitige Seite 41 des Vorsprungs 15 ist durch die ovale Kontur weiterhin vergleichsweise großflächig ausgebildet, so dass sich ein verbesserter Wärmeübertrag aus dem Ursprung 15 auf die Kühlluft 25 ergibt.Figure 3 shows in detail a part of the cooling structure of the gas turbine blade 1 from Figure 2. The projections 15 are with an oval contour so that on the one hand the cross flow 27 by one in the cross flow direction behind each Projection 15 lying baffle cooling opening 19 is passed around. The oval shape also leads to a low flow resistance for the cross flow 27. Furthermore, each projection 15 a bulge 43 on its based on the Cross flow direction on the downstream side. Through this Bulge 43 becomes a slipstream area particularly effectively 45 generated, which the influence of the cross flow 27 on the Impingement cooling jets 29 reduced particularly efficiently. The related on the upstream side 41 the projection 15 is still comparatively due to the oval contour large area, so that an improved Heat transfer from the origin 15 to the cooling air 25 results.

Claims (8)

Bauteil (1) mit einer heißgas-beaufschlagbaren Wand (9), die eine Heißgasseite (18) und eine der Heißgasseite (18) gegenüberliegende Kaltseite (16) aufweist, wobei die Wand (9) einerseits durch entlang der Kaltseite (16) als Querströmung (27) in einer Querströmungsrichtung strömendes Kühlfuid (25) und gleichzeitig durch senkrecht auf die Kaltseite (16) als Prallkühlstrahlen (29) aufprallendes Kühlfluid (25) kühlbar ist, wobei die Prallkühlstrahlen (29) gegenüber der Querströmung (27) jeweils durch einen auf der Kaltseite (16) angeordneten Vorsprung (15) abgeschirmt sind.Component (1) with a wall (9) which can be subjected to hot gas, one hot gas side (18) and one of the hot gas side (18) has opposite cold side (16), the wall (9) on the one hand through along the cold side (16) as a cross flow (27) Cooling fluid (25) flowing in a cross-flow direction and at the same time as perpendicular to the cold side (16) Impact cooling jets (29) impinging cooling fluid (25) can be cooled is, the impact cooling jets (29) with respect to the cross flow (27) by one on the cold side (16) arranged projection (15) are shielded. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem zumindest einige der Vorsprünge (15) auf ihrer bezüglich der Querströmungsrichtung abströmseitigen Seite eine Ausbuchtung (43) aufweisen, die in der Querströmung (27) ein Windschattengebiet (45) erzeugt, in welchem Windschattengebiet (45) ein Prallkühlstrahl (29) auf die Kaltseite (16) auftrifft.Component (1) according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the Projections (15) on their with respect to the cross flow direction downstream side have a bulge (43) which in the cross flow (27) creates a slipstream area (45) in which slipstream area (45) has an impact cooling jet (29) the cold side (16) hits. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem zumindest einige der Vorsprünge (15) auf ihrer bezüglich der Querströmungsrichtung anströmseitigen Seite eine Kontur mit einem niedrigen Strömungswiderstand für die Querströmung (27) aufweisen.Component (1) according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the Projections (15) on their with respect to the cross flow direction on the upstream side a contour with a low flow resistance for the cross flow (27). Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem beabstandet von der Kaltseite (16) eine Prallkühlwand (13) angeordnet ist, die zumindest über einige der Vorsprünge (15) mit der Wand (9) verbunden ist.Component (1) according to claim 1, wherein the spaced from the Cold side (16) a baffle cooling wall (13) is arranged, the at least over some of the projections (15) with the wall (9) connected is. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, ausgeführt als Gasturbinenschaufel, wobei die Wand (9) eine Schaufelblattaußenwand ist.Component (1) according to claim 1, executed as Gas turbine blade, the wall (9) a Outer airfoil is. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 5 und 4, wobei die Prallkühlwand (13) eine Schaufelblattinnenwand ist. Component (1) according to claim 5 and 4, wherein the baffle cooling wall (13) is an airfoil inner wall. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 6, bei dem das Kühlfluid (25) Kühlluft ist.Component (1) according to Claim 6, in which the cooling fluid (25) Cooling air is. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Wand (9) mit den Vorsprüngen (15) einstückig gegossen ist.Component (1) according to claim 5, wherein the wall (9) with the Projections (15) is cast in one piece.
EP00120031A 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Impingement cooled wall Withdrawn EP1188902A1 (en)

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EP1574669A2 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 Rolls-Royce Plc Impingement cooling arrangement witin turbine blades
EP1544412A3 (en) * 2003-12-19 2008-11-26 United Technologies Corporation Cooled rotor blade with vibration damping device
EP2031244A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-04 Lm Glasfiber A/S Means to maintain flow of a flowing medium attached to the exterior of a flow control member by use of crossing sub-channels
EP2159376A2 (en) 2008-08-28 2010-03-03 United Technologies Corporation Airfoil insert and method for cooling an airfoil
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WO2011020485A1 (en) * 2009-08-20 2011-02-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cross-flow blockers in a gas turbine impingement cooling gap
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US9863255B2 (en) 2012-02-15 2018-01-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Impingement cooling of turbine blades or vanes
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US20180163545A1 (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-14 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd Cooling structure for vane
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