EP0795466B1 - Cycloidal propeller with double or multiple blading - Google Patents

Cycloidal propeller with double or multiple blading Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0795466B1
EP0795466B1 EP97100987A EP97100987A EP0795466B1 EP 0795466 B1 EP0795466 B1 EP 0795466B1 EP 97100987 A EP97100987 A EP 97100987A EP 97100987 A EP97100987 A EP 97100987A EP 0795466 B1 EP0795466 B1 EP 0795466B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
blade
cycloidal propeller
parallel
another
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97100987A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0795466A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Amelang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Hydro Holding GmbH and Co KG
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Voith Hydro GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/04—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction
    • B63H1/06—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades
    • B63H1/08—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades with cyclic adjustment
    • B63H1/10—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades with cyclic adjustment of Voith Schneider type, i.e. with blades extending axially from a disc-shaped rotary body

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cycloidal propeller with the rotor body in certain wing circle positions pivoted, transversely to Propulsion direction extending blades, the rotor axis of rotation and Wing pivot axes run parallel to each other and the adjustment of the Wing over a linkage forming the wing kinematics by means of a central joystick is controllable.
  • a cycloidal propeller is described in Voith Research and Construction, Issue 18, Article 3, May 67 with the title "The construction of today's Voith-Schneider propellers" or also in Voith special edition 9.94 2000. There is also a description of such a cycloidal propeller in the German specification DE-AS 21 41 569.
  • a double wing can also be used the same lift and induced drag as a single wing achieve shorter wing length.
  • the shorter wing length also brings certain design advantages, since the Moment load of the wing bearing is reduced accordingly.
  • the wing circle is indicated with 9 and the individual Wing positions with a, b, c or d, which are four Vane circle positions, thus a four-bladed cycloidal propeller with each four wing pairs 2a, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2c, 3c; as well as 2d and 3d.
  • the Wing positions have the same circumferential spacing on the wing circle. This is common and corresponds to the previous version of a single-bladed cyclo-propeller with four blades corresponding to Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 2 the double wing with its uniform wing shaft 4 in Side view shown, wing 2a or 3a in principle of execution of the single-wing, known propeller with blades 12 according to FIG. 4 corresponds.
  • Fig. 3 shows the view transverse to the viewing direction of Fig. 2 with the two associated wings 2a and 3a of the pair of wings.
  • the Distance between these two wings of a pair is preferred at least slightly larger than the maximum thickness of the profile of a wing. The optimal distance must be determined in individual cases.
  • the location of the wings a pair of wings to each other can also depend on the exact parallelism may differ, in particular a certain offset of the two Wing profiles are made to each other. It is also conceivable that the Wing profiles of a pair of wings are designed somewhat differently.
  • the common wing shaft 24 carries a base plate 15, which carries the two wings 22 and 23 of a pair of wings. Outdoors There is a connecting plate 13 at the wing end individual panels with the wings can be screwed through, but also by Welding. But the cast variant is also one practicable execution.
  • the connecting plate at the free wing ends can make some contribution to improving the efficiency of the Make double wings or multiple wings.
  • the invention can be used not only in cycloidal propellers, but also in Use wind turbines.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zykloidalpropeller mit am Rotorkörper in bestimmten Flügelkreispositionen schwenkbar gelagerten, sich quer zur Vortriebsrichtung erstreckenden Flügeln, wobei die Rotordrehachse und die Flügelschwenkachsen zueinander parallel verlaufen und die Verstellung der Flügel über ein die Flügelkinematik bildendes Gestänge mittels einem zentralen Steuerknüppel steuerbar ist. Ein solcher Zykloidalpropeller ist beschrieben in Voith Forschung und Konstruktion, Heft 18, Aufsatz 3, Mai 67 mit dem Titel "Die Konstruktion der heutigen Voith-Schneider-Propeller" oder auch im Voith-Sonderdruck 9.94 2000. Ferner findet sich eine Beschreibung eines solchen Zykloidalpropellers in der deutschen Auslegeschrift DE-AS 21 41 569.The invention relates to a cycloidal propeller with the rotor body in certain wing circle positions pivoted, transversely to Propulsion direction extending blades, the rotor axis of rotation and Wing pivot axes run parallel to each other and the adjustment of the Wing over a linkage forming the wing kinematics by means of a central joystick is controllable. Such a cycloidal propeller is described in Voith Research and Construction, Issue 18, Article 3, May 67 with the title "The construction of today's Voith-Schneider propellers" or also in Voith special edition 9.94 2000. There is also a description of such a cycloidal propeller in the German specification DE-AS 21 41 569.

In der erstgenannten und zuletzt genannten Literaturstelle wird ausführlich auf die die eigentliche Flügelverstellung bildende Flügelkinematik eingegangen, so daß auf eine ausführliche Beschreibung und Darstellung hier verzichtet wird. Man erkennt aus den genannten Literaturstellen auch sehr klar die Lagerung der einzelnen Flügel am Rotorkörper. Dabei ist im allgemeinen bzw. grundsätzlich ein mit dem Flügel verbundener Flügelschaft vorgesehen, der in entsprechenden Lagern, insbesondere Gleitlagern, gelagert ist.In the first and last mentioned literature reference is given in detail the wing kinematics that form the actual wing adjustment were entered, so that there is no detailed description and illustration here becomes. One can clearly see that from the literature references mentioned Storage of the individual blades on the rotor body. In general, basically a wing shaft connected to the wing is provided, which in corresponding bearings, in particular plain bearings.

In der jüngeren Vergangenheit konnte durch verschiedene Verbesserungen die mechanische Belastbarkeit des Zykloidalpropellers entscheidend verbessert werden.In the recent past, various improvements have been made the mechanical resilience of the cycloidal propeller is crucial be improved.

Es ist nun die Aufgabe, entsprechend der höheren, umzusetzenden mechanischen Leistung auch ein besseres hydrodynamisches Verhalten des Voith-Schneider-Propellers zu erreichen. It is now the task to be implemented according to the higher one mechanical performance also better hydrodynamic behavior of the To reach Voith-Schneider-Propellers.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of characterizing part of claim 1 solved.

Durch den Einsatz an mindestens einem Paar von zueinander parallelen oder zumindest quasiparallelen Flügeln je Flügelkreisposition wird erreicht, daß bei gleicher Flügellänge und gleichem Auftrieb beim Doppelflügel (oder Mehrfachflügel allgemein) im Vergleich zum Einzelfllügel ein geringerer induzierter Widerstand auftritt. Dadurch wird ein besserer Vortriebswirkungsgrad des Zykloidalpropellers erreicht, was eine grundsätzliche Verbesserung darstellt. Umgekehrt kann auch ein Doppelflügel den gleichen Auftrieb und induzierten Widerstand wie ein Einzelflügel bei kürzerer Flügellänge erreichen.By using at least one pair of parallel or at least quasi-parallel wings per wing circle position is achieved in that same wing length and same lift for double wing (or Multiple wings in general) a smaller one compared to the single wing induced resistance occurs. This will make a better one Propulsion efficiency of the cycloidal propeller reached what a represents fundamental improvement. Conversely, a double wing can also be used the same lift and induced drag as a single wing achieve shorter wing length.

Die kürzere Flügellänge bringt auch gewisse konstruktive Vorteile, da sich die Momentenbelastung der Flügellagerung entsprechend verringert.The shorter wing length also brings certain design advantages, since the Moment load of the wing bearing is reduced accordingly.

Ferner kann bei zumindest einem Flügelpaar je Flügelkreisposition durch die Wechselwirkung zwischen den parallelen Flügeln eine spürbare Reduktion der Unterdruckbereiche am Flügelprofil erreicht werden. Dadurch nimmt die Kavitationsneigung entscheidend ab. Diese geringere Kavitationsneigung bringt die folgenden Vorteile mit sich:

  • 1.) Verringerte Schwingungsanregung, was eine grundsätzliche Verbesserung für höhere Schiffsgeschwindigkeiten darstellt.
  • 2.) Geringerer Geräuschpegel des Propellers (also insbesondere unter Wasser). Dies dürfte ein spezieller Vorteil bei militärischen Anwendungszwecken sein.
  • 3.) Wirkungsgradverbesserung
  • 4.) Vermeidung von Kavitationsschäden
    • Furthermore, with at least one pair of wings per wing circle position, the interaction between the parallel wings can result in a noticeable reduction in the vacuum areas on the wing profile. This significantly reduces the tendency to cavitation. This lower tendency to cavitation has the following advantages:
  • 1.) Reduced vibration excitation, which is a fundamental improvement for higher ship speeds.
  • 2.) Lower noise level of the propeller (especially under water). This should be a special advantage in military applications.
  • 3.) Efficiency improvement
  • 4.) Avoidance of cavitation damage

    • Zusammenfassend kann festgestellt werden, daß eine wesentliche Verbesserung des Verhältnisses zwischen Leistung und Schub auftritt.In summary, it can be said that an essential Improvement in the relationship between performance and thrust occurs.

    Alle genannten Verbesserungen lassen sich auch durch das günstigere Abreißverhalten des Doppelflügels z. B. im Vergleich zum Einflügler erklären, d.h. die Strömung reißt beim Doppelflügel später ab.All the improvements mentioned can also be made by the cheaper one Tear-off behavior of the double wing z. B. explain compared to the one-wing, i.e. the current breaks off later with the double wing.

    Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren in der Zeichnung erläutert; dabei stellen im einzelnen dar:

    Fig. 1
    eine prinzipielle Darstellung der Flügel in den verschiedenen Flügelkreispositionen bei einem vierflügligen Zykloidalpropeller,
    Fig. 2
    eine Seitenansicht eines Flügelpaares,
    Fig. 3
    eine Ansicht des Flügelpaares quer zur Fig. 2,
    Fig. 4
    eine Draufsicht auf die Flügelanordnung auf dem Flügelkreis mit den verschiedenen Positionen bei einem vierflügligen, einfachflügligen Zykloidalpropeller,
    Fig. 5
    eine Seitenansicht eines Flügelpaares bei einer gebauten Konstruktion und
    Fig. 6
    eine Ansicht quer zu Fig. 5.
    The invention is explained below with reference to the figures in the drawing; the following are shown in detail:
    Fig. 1
    a basic representation of the wings in the different wing circle positions in a four-bladed cycloidal propeller,
    Fig. 2
    a side view of a pair of wings,
    Fig. 3
    2 shows a view of the pair of wings transversely to FIG. 2,
    Fig. 4
    a plan view of the wing arrangement on the wing circle with the different positions in a four-bladed, single-bladed cycloidal propeller,
    Fig. 5
    a side view of a pair of wings in a built construction and
    Fig. 6
    a view transverse to Fig. 5th

    In Fig. 1 ist der Flügelkreis mit 9 angedeutet und die einzelnen Flügelpositionen mit a, b, c oder d, wobei es sich hier um vier Flügelkreispositionen, mithin einen vierflügligen Zykloidalpropeller mit jeweils vier Flügelpaaren 2a, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2c, 3c; sowie 2d und 3d handelt. Die Flügelpositionen haben dabei auf dem Flügelkreis gleiche Umfangsabstände. Dies ist üblich und entspricht der bisherigen Ausführung eines einfachflügligen Zykloialpropellers mit vier Flügeln entsprechend Fig. 4.In Fig. 1, the wing circle is indicated with 9 and the individual Wing positions with a, b, c or d, which are four Vane circle positions, thus a four-bladed cycloidal propeller with each four wing pairs 2a, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2c, 3c; as well as 2d and 3d. The Wing positions have the same circumferential spacing on the wing circle. This is common and corresponds to the previous version of a single-bladed cyclo-propeller with four blades corresponding to Fig. 4.

    In Fig. 2 ist der Doppelflügel mit seinem einheitlichen Flügelschaft 4 in Seitenansicht dargestellt, wobei Flügel 2a oder 3a im Prinzip der Ausführung des einfachflügligen, bekannten Propellers mit Flügeln 12 gemäß Fig. 4 entspricht. Fig. 3 zeigt die Ansicht quer zur Blickrichtung der Fig. 2 mit den beiden zusammengehörigen Flügeln 2a und 3a des Flügelpaares. Der Abstand zwischen diesen beiden Flügeln eines Paares ist vorzugsweise zumindest etwas größer als die maximale Dicke des Profils eines Flügels. Der optimale Abstand muß im Einzelfall ermittelt werden. Die Lage der Flügel eines Flügelpaares zueinander kann auch von der genauen Parallelität abweichen, insbesondere kann auch ein gewisser Versatz der beiden Flügelprofile zueinander vorgenommen werden. Denkbar ist auch, daß die Flügelprofile eines Flügelpaares etwas unterschiedlich ausgebildet werden. Denkbar wäre auch, daß nicht nur ein Flügelpaar bildende zwei parallele Flügel, sondern drei Flügel oder mehr je Flügelkreisposition angewendet werden. Im allgemeinen dürfte jedoch ein Flügelpaar optimale Verhältnisse unter der Gesamtheit der Gesichtspunkte hydrodynamischer und konstruktiver Art ergeben.In Fig. 2 the double wing with its uniform wing shaft 4 in Side view shown, wing 2a or 3a in principle of execution of the single-wing, known propeller with blades 12 according to FIG. 4 corresponds. Fig. 3 shows the view transverse to the viewing direction of Fig. 2 with the two associated wings 2a and 3a of the pair of wings. The Distance between these two wings of a pair is preferred at least slightly larger than the maximum thickness of the profile of a wing. The optimal distance must be determined in individual cases. The location of the wings a pair of wings to each other can also depend on the exact parallelism may differ, in particular a certain offset of the two Wing profiles are made to each other. It is also conceivable that the Wing profiles of a pair of wings are designed somewhat differently. It would also be conceivable that not only one pair of wings forming two parallel ones Wings, but three wings or more are applied per wing circle position become. In general, however, a pair of wings should be optimal more hydrodynamic and constructive from the point of view of all Kind of result.

    Bei der Auswahl der Anzahl der Flügel dürfte auch die Materialwahl eine große Rolle spielen; es dürfte auch Kunststoff in Kompositbauweise in Betracht kommen.When choosing the number of wings, the choice of material should also be one play a major role; it should also be plastic in composite construction Come into consideration.

    Ein aus Einzelteilen aufgebauter Doppelflügel, der also aus zwei parallelen Einzelflügeln besteht, ist in Figur 5 und 6 in den entsprechenden Ansichten dargestellt. Dabei trägt der gemeinsame Flügelschaft 24 eine Grundplatte 15, die die beiden Flügel 22 und 23 eines Flügelpaares trägt. Am freien Flügelende befindet sich eine Verbindungsplatte 13. Die Verbindung der einzelnen Platten mit den Flügeln kann durch Schrauben, aber auch durch Schweißung erfolgen. Sicher ist aber auch die gegossene Variante eine praktikable Ausführung. Die Verbindungsplatte an den freien Flügelenden kann einen gewissen Beitrag zur Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades der Doppelflügel bzw. Mehrfachflügel leisten.A double wing made up of individual parts, i.e. two parallel wings There are individual wings, is in Figures 5 and 6 in the corresponding views shown. The common wing shaft 24 carries a base plate 15, which carries the two wings 22 and 23 of a pair of wings. Outdoors There is a connecting plate 13 at the wing end individual panels with the wings can be screwed through, but also by Welding. But the cast variant is also one practicable execution. The connecting plate at the free wing ends can make some contribution to improving the efficiency of the Make double wings or multiple wings.

    Die Erfindung läßt sich nicht nur in Zykloidalpropellern, sondern auch bei Windturbinen nutzen.The invention can be used not only in cycloidal propellers, but also in Use wind turbines.

    Claims (8)

    1. Cycloidal propeller with blades (2a, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2a, 3a; 2d, 3d) pivotally mounted on the rotor body and extending transversely to the propulsion direction, which blades (2a, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2a, 3a; 2d, 3d) are arranged in certain blade circle positions (a, b, c, d) of the blade circle (9), wherein the rotational axis of the rotor and the blade pivoting axes extend parallel to one another and the adjustment and pivotal movement of the blades can be effected via a rod assembly forming the blade kinetics by means of a central control column, characterised in that at least two blades (2a, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2c, 3c; 2d, 3d) which are parallel to one another are provided per blade circle position (a, b, c, d).
    2. Cycloidal propeller according to claim 1, in which the individual blades are held, in each case, by a blade shaft (14) connected to the blade kinetics, characterised in that in each case, the blades of the individual blade circle position are held by the one blade shaft (14).
    3. Cycloidal propeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a common base plate (15) is provided for the parallel blades of a blade circle position.
    4. Cycloidal propeller according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the corresponding blades of a blade position are arranged exactly parallel to one another.
    5. Cycloidal propeller according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the individual blades of each blade circle position (a, b, c, d) are arranged parallel to one another only to a certain extent or offset from one another and/or at an angle to one another.
    6. Cycloidal propeller according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised by an unequal length of the blades per blade circle position, in particular per pair of blades.
    7. Cycloidal propeller according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised by a connecting plate (13) at the free blade end of the individual blades (22, 23) per blade circle position (a, b, c, d), the longitudinal extension of which individual blades (22, 23) is parallel to the propulsion direction of the propeller.
    8. Cycloidal propeller according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the blade form and the blade profile of the blades of a pair of blades are different.
    EP97100987A 1996-03-16 1997-01-23 Cycloidal propeller with double or multiple blading Expired - Lifetime EP0795466B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19610454A DE19610454C2 (en) 1996-03-16 1996-03-16 Cycloidal propeller, especially as a ship propulsion
    DE19610454 1996-03-16

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0795466A1 EP0795466A1 (en) 1997-09-17
    EP0795466B1 true EP0795466B1 (en) 2001-07-18

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97100987A Expired - Lifetime EP0795466B1 (en) 1996-03-16 1997-01-23 Cycloidal propeller with double or multiple blading

    Country Status (2)

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    DE (2) DE19610454C2 (en)

    Family Cites Families (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US2350942A (en) * 1940-10-17 1944-06-06 Thomas R Tarn Dual propeller
    DE1094622B (en) * 1957-10-12 1960-12-08 Volkswerft Stralsund Veb Double propeller, preferably for ships
    DE2141569C3 (en) * 1971-08-19 1974-07-04 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Control of a swivel blade propeller
    GB2204643B (en) * 1986-09-03 1991-05-15 Dennis George Bourne A combined lift and thrust propeller for the propulsion of water craft.
    EP0295353B1 (en) * 1987-06-13 1991-04-17 Khammas, Achmed Adolf Wolfgang Rotorblade
    DE3835213A1 (en) * 1988-10-15 1990-05-10 Schiffer Dietrich F W Wing construction for energy transmission in the media of water and gas, and for a vehicle for movement on land or water and in the air

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE59704053D1 (en) 2001-08-23
    EP0795466A1 (en) 1997-09-17
    DE19610454A1 (en) 1996-09-19
    DE19610454C2 (en) 1997-04-10

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