DE19962454A1 - Rotor blade for wind turbines - Google Patents
Rotor blade for wind turbinesInfo
- Publication number
- DE19962454A1 DE19962454A1 DE19962454A DE19962454A DE19962454A1 DE 19962454 A1 DE19962454 A1 DE 19962454A1 DE 19962454 A DE19962454 A DE 19962454A DE 19962454 A DE19962454 A DE 19962454A DE 19962454 A1 DE19962454 A1 DE 19962454A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- rotor blade
- segments
- segment
- joint
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010029412 Nightmare Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rotorblatt für Windenergiean lagen.The invention relates to a rotor blade for wind energy were.
Rotorblätter für Windenergieanlagen unterscheiden sich von bisher in ähnlicher Bauweise gefertigten Tragflügeln, beispielsweise von Flugzeugen, im wesentlichen dadurch, daß sie turbulenten Windströmungen ausgesetzt sind und durch die vertikale Anordnung der Drehebene mit wechseln den Eigengewichtsbelastungen durch die Gravitation und auch Fliehkräften unterliegen.Rotor blades for wind turbines differ of hydrofoils previously manufactured in a similar design, for example of aircraft, essentially by that they are exposed to turbulent wind currents and change with the vertical arrangement of the rotary level the dead weight due to gravitation and centrifugal forces are also subject.
Durch die kubisch mit dem Durchmesser ansteigende Blatt masse und die o. g. Belastungen nehmen die Probleme bei der Strukturauslegung der Blätter insbesondere bei großen Rotorblättern überproportional zu.Due to the leaf that increases cubically with the diameter mass and the above Stresses add to the problems the structural design of the leaves, especially for large ones Rotor blades disproportionately too.
Bei bisheriger konventioneller Fertigung, beispielsweise aus zwei Hälften, die in Negativ-Formen vorgefertigt und anschließend in GFK-Bau-üblicher Weise miteinander ver klebt werden, werden insbesondere in der Schwenkebene der Blätter hohe Spannungsamplituden in der Profilnase und der dünn auslaufenden Profilhinterkante im Betrieb auf treten.With previous conventional production, for example from two halves, prefabricated in negative forms and then ver in the usual GRP construction are stuck, especially in the swivel plane of the Leaves high voltage amplitudes in the profile nose and the thin trailing edge of the profile during operation to step.
Die durch die Spannungsamplituden hervorgerufenen Ermü dungsbelastungen führen insbesondere in der Profilhinter kante bei einigen der bisher bekannten Rotorblätter zu frühzeitiger Rißbildung, die sehr bedenklich ist, da sich die Risse durch die gesamte Struktur fortsetzen können und das Rotorblatt sogar völlig zerstören können.The fatigue caused by the stress amplitudes load especially in the rear of the profile edge of some of the previously known rotor blades early cracking, which is very worrying because of the cracks can continue through the entire structure and can even completely destroy the rotor blade.
Bisher begegnete man diesen Rissen dadurch, daß in der nachlaufenden Blatthälfte, der Profilfahne, und in der Profilnase zusätzliche Gurtstränge eingelegt wurden, die diese Lasten aufnehmen sollten. Zum einen ist dies ko stenträchtig, zum anderen ist dies auch deswegen nachtei lig, da dadurch hohe Kräfte in den Nasen- und Hinterkan tenbereich eingebracht werden, die im Blattanschluß wie der in den zentralen Holmkasten eingeleitet werden müs sen.So far, one has encountered these cracks in that in the trailing leaf half, the profile flag, and in the Profile nose additional belt strands were inserted, the should bear these loads. For one thing, this is knockout it is also a nightmare lig, as this creates high forces in the nasal and posterior channels ten range be introduced, which in the blade connection as which must be introduced into the central spar box sen.
Zusätzlich muß eine Kraftumlenkung stattfinden, die zwangsläufig Zusatzkräfte in Blattquerrichtung erzeugt, die wiederum nur durch zusätzliche strukturelle Elemente aufgefangen werden können. Schließlich ist die Einbrin gung der Gurte in Nase und Hinterkante neben dem dadurch verursachten erheblichen Fertigungsaufwand auch eine Feh lerquelle für die Struktur, da der Verlauf dieser zusätz lichen Gurte ganz besonders genau eingehalten werden muß.In addition, a force redirection must take place inevitably generates additional forces in the transverse direction of the blade, which in turn only through additional structural elements can be caught. Finally, the Einbrin extension of the straps in the nose and rear edge next to the thereby caused considerable manufacturing effort also a mistake ler source for the structure, since the course of this additional Lichen belts must be observed particularly carefully.
Die Erfindung hat sich daher zur Aufgabe gestellt, ein Rotorblatt zu schaffen, dessen Struktur bereits im Kon zept an die wechselnden Eigengewichte, die bei Windkraft anlagen auftreten, besser angepaßt ist, als dies bei her kömmlichen, den Flugzeugtragflächen ähnelnden Rotorblät tern der Fall ist.The invention has therefore set itself the task of To create rotor blade, the structure of which is already in the con I accept the changing dead weights of wind power plants occur, is better adapted than at her conventional rotor blade that resembles aircraft wings tern is the case.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch eine Struktur mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 erreicht. Die Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung wie der.According to the invention, this is achieved by a structure with the Features of claim 1 achieved. The subclaims give advantageous embodiments of the invention such the.
Insbesondere ist vorteilhaft, daß die Profilnasen und/ oder Fahnenstruktur des Rotorblattes aus einzelnen radial getrennten Segmentelementen aufgebaut ist. Diese Segmente werden separat mit einem tragenden Holmkasten verbunden, wobei sich in diesem Bereich eine schubsteife Verbindung ergibt.It is particularly advantageous that the profile lugs and / or flag structure of the rotor blade from individual radial separate segment elements is built. These segments are connected separately to a supporting spar box, with a shear-resistant connection in this area results.
Die Verbindung zwischen den Fahnenelementen selbst wird mit einem dauerelastischen Klebstoff hergestellt, der aufgrund seiner Nachgiebigkeit sehr geringe Kräfte in axialer Blattrichtung überträgt, wodurch eine lastabhän gige Deformation des tragenden Holmkastens nahezu lastlos von den Fahnenelementen nachvollzogen werden kann. Die Länge der Fahnenelemente wird dabei so ausgelegt, daß die Verklebung zwischen den Fahnenelementen, der Last des elastischen Klebers angepaßt, diesen nicht überlastet. The connection between the flag elements themselves will be made with a permanently elastic adhesive that very low forces due to its flexibility axial blade direction transmits, which makes a load dependent current deformation of the carrying spar box almost without load can be traced by the flag elements. The Length of the flag elements is designed so that the Gluing between the flag elements, the load of the adjusted elastic adhesive, this is not overloaded.
Durch diese Ausführung ist die Hinterkante den bisher auftretenden hohen Dehnungsbelastungen entzogen, so daß nunmehr keine Ausbildung gefährlicher Risse mehr zu be fürchten ist. Durch die geringen Dehnungen im Bauteil kann zudem bei der Auslegung des Bauteils bereits an Ma terial eingespart werden.With this design, the rear edge is the previous one withdrawn occurring high strain loads, so that no more dangerous cracks to be formed fear. Due to the low expansion in the component can also already with Ma material can be saved.
Das Rotorblatt wird durch diese Aufteilung erheblich ein facher zu fertigen sein, was insbesondere bei sehr großen Rotorblättern, deren Bauformen die gesamte Länge des Rot orblattes haben müssen, bisher mit erheblichen Nachteilen in der Fertigung verbunden war.This division makes the rotor blade considerably larger be easier to manufacture, especially for very large ones Rotor blades, the designs of which cover the entire length of the red have to have orblattes, so far with considerable disadvantages was connected in manufacturing.
Weiter kann durch diese Ausbildung im Fall einer Struk turbeschädigung das Segment des betroffenen Bereiches einfach ausgetauscht werden, und die Segmente benötigen in sich keine Gurtstrukturen.In the case of a struc Damage to the segment of the affected area simply be replaced and the segments need no belt structures in itself.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausfüh rungsbeispiels. Dabei zeigtFurther advantages and features of the invention result from the following description of a preferred embodiment example. It shows
Fig. 1 eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Rotorblattes mit einer Reihe von sieben Nasenelementen, die vor einem durchgehenden Holmkasten an geordnet sind und an die sich in Drehrichtung nachlaufende Fahnenelemente anschließen, die zur hinteren Kante her schmal auslaufen, Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a rotor blade with a series of seven nose elements which are arranged in front of a continuous spar box and which is followed in the rotation direction trailing vane elements that leak to the rear edge forth narrow,
Fig. 2 das Rotorblatt der Fig. 1 im zusammengebauten Zustand, Fig. 2, the rotor blade of FIG. 1 in the assembled state,
Fig. 3 eine prinzipielle Schnittdarstellung durch ein derartiges Rotorblatt, und Fig. 3 is a basic sectional view through such a rotor blade, and
Fig. 4a, 4b, 4c drei alternative Arten der Klebver bindung zwischen den Fahnenelementen unter Belassung eines mit flexiblen, materialge füllten Fugenbereichs. Fig. 4a, 4b, 4c three alternative types of adhesive bond between the flag elements while leaving a flexible, material-filled joint area.
Das in der Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Rotorblatt besteht aus einem zentralen, vom Blattanschluß bis im wesentli chen zur Blattspitze 14 reichenden Holmkasten 10, in dem Gurte 12 zur Aufnahme der Längsspannungen angeordnet sind. Die Stege 22 (siehe auch Fig. 3) des Holmkasten 10 übertragen die Schubspannungen. An dem Holmkasten 10 sind zur Herstellung der erforderlichen aerodynamischen Außenkontur Nasen- und Fahnenelemente 18, 16, sowie ein an der äußeren Seite des Blattes als Blattspitze 14 vor handenes separates Teil, das mit dem Ende des Holmkastens 10 verbunden ist, vorgesehen.The rotor blade shown in Fig. 1 and 2 consists of a central, from the blade connection to the wesentli surfaces of the blade tip 14 reaching spar box 10, are arranged in the belts 12 for receiving the longitudinal stresses. The webs 22 (see also FIG. 3) of the spar box 10 transmit the shear stresses. On the spar box 10 are to produce the required aerodynamic outer contour nose and flag elements 18 , 16 , and a separate part on the outer side of the blade as the blade tip 14 present, which is connected to the end of the spar box 10 .
Dabei wird die Tragfunktion von einem im wesentlichen zentral im Rotorblatt verlaufenden Holmkasten 10 wahrge nommen, der bis zu einem abschließendem Spitzensegment 14 längs im Blatt ausgebildet ist und an den - in Rotations richtung - an der Vorderseite Nasenelemente 18 und an der Rückseite Fahnenelemente 16 angesetzt sind.The carrying function is perceived by a spar box 10 extending essentially centrally in the rotor blade, which is formed longitudinally in the blade up to a final tip segment 14 and on which - in the direction of rotation - nose elements 18 and flag elements 16 are attached to the front and to the rear .
In der Fig. 3 ist anhand eines Schnittes durch ein Rotor blatt eine schematische Darstellung enthalten, in der der Holmkasten mit seinen Gurten 12 und den beiden Stegen 22 sowie dem Verbindungslaminat 24 dargestellt ist, der An satzkanten 26 für die im wesentlichen im Querschnitt U-förmig ausgebildeten Nasenelemente und die im wesentli chen V-förmig ausgebildeten Fahnenelemente bietet. In FIG. 3 on the basis of a section, is sheet by a rotor containing a schematic representation of the spar box with its belts 12 and the two webs 22, and the connecting laminate 24 is shown, which at block edges 26 for the substantially cross-sectionally U- shaped nose elements and the V-shaped flag elements in wesentli chen offers.
Der Übergangsbereich zwischen zwei Segmenten 16; 18 kann durch Verklebung teilflexibel ausgebildet sein, wobei je doch durch die Fugen 28 quer zur Erstreckung des Holmes bereits für jedes einzelne Segment eine Bewegung gegen über dem benachbarten möglich ist, so daß es selber ver gleichsweise steif an dem Holmkasten angesetzt werden kann. Die Verbindung zwischen den Fahnen- und Nasenele menten 16; 18 mit dem Holmkasten 10 kann durch Verkle bung, Verschraubung, Vernietung oder einer Kombination hiervon ausgeführt werden.The transition area between two segments 16 ; 18 can be partially flexible by gluing, but depending on the joints 28 transversely to the extension of the spar a movement is already possible for each individual segment relative to the neighboring one, so that it itself can be applied comparatively stiff to the spar box. The connection between the flag and Nasenele elements 16 ; 18 with the spar box 10 can be performed by gluing, screwing, riveting or a combination thereof.
In der Fig. 4 ist in Blattiefenrichtung die Verklebung zwischen den benachbarten Nasenelementen 18 oder zwischen den benachbarten Fahnenelementen 16 dargestellt, wobei die Verklebung über eine breite Fuge 28 erfolgt, die mit einem hochelastischen Klebstoff ausgefüllt ist, der der Zwangsverformung des Rotorblatts übertragen durch die Segmentelemente wenig Widerstand entgegensetzt, so daß sich innerhalb dieser und auch innerhalb der Fuge keine Rißbildung einstellen wird.In FIG. 4 chordwise the bond between the adjacent nose elements 18 or between the adjacent lugs elements 16 is shown, wherein the adhesive bonding over a wide joint 28 is carried out, which is filled with a highly elastic adhesive which transmitted the forced deformation of the rotor blade by the segment elements opposed little resistance, so that no cracking will occur within this and also within the joint.
Die Fuge 28 wird mit hochelastischem Kunststoff gefüllt sein, wobei eine großflächige Verklebung des elastischen. Materials an den Segmenten durch Ausbildung überlappender Strukturen ermöglicht wird. Die einzelnen Segmente 16; 18 können insbesondere in diesem Fall von einer Fuge 28 mit einer Breite, die die in Richtung senkrecht zur Rotor blattebene definierte Höhe der seitlichen Segmentan schlußflächen um ein Mehrfaches übersteigt, zusammenge halten werden.The joint 28 will be filled with highly elastic plastic, with a large-area gluing of the elastic. Material on the segments is made possible by the formation of overlapping structures. The individual segments 16 ; 18 can in this case in particular of a joint 28 with a width which in the direction perpendicular to the rotor blade plane defined height of the lateral Segmentan connection surfaces exceeds several times, keep together.
Die Fuge 28 kann dabei im Randbereich an der Segmentkante an Ober- und/oder Unterseite jeweils von einem festen, am Segment angesetzten Ansatzfläche 30 (siehe Fig. 4b) über deckt werden, wobei sich diese Abschnitte aneinander an grenzender Segmente überlappen können.The joint 28 can be covered in the edge area at the segment edge on the top and / or bottom side by a fixed attachment surface 30 attached to the segment (see FIG. 4b), these sections being able to overlap one another on adjacent segments.
Es ist auch denkbar, daß die Fuge 28 durch von den beiden benachbarten Segmenten 16; 18 in den Zwischenraum hinein ragende, U-förmige, mit den Segmenten einstückige Steg strukturen 32 im Kantenbereich zu den Segmenten hin, an Blattober- und Blattunterseite wenigstens teilweise über deckt wird.It is also conceivable that the joint 28 through the two adjacent segments 16 ; 18 protruding into the intermediate space, U-shaped, with the segments integral web structures 32 in the edge area towards the segments, is at least partially covered on the top and bottom of the sheet.
Schließlich wird eine Ausführung vorgeschlagen, in der sich eine U-förmige Stegstruktur eines Segments und eine in diese einliegende Stegkante 34 eines angrenzenden Seg mentes derart überdecken, daß die Klebefuge 28 im Schnitt quer zur Erstreckung der Fuge einen U-förmigen Verlauf aufweist.Finally, an embodiment is proposed in which a U-shaped web structure of a segment and a web edge 34 that lies in it overlap an adjacent segment such that the adhesive joint 28 has a U-shaped profile in cross section to the extent of the joint.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19962454A DE19962454A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Rotor blade for wind turbines |
PCT/DE2000/004518 WO2001046582A2 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2000-12-19 | Rotor blade for wind power installations |
AU31512/01A AU3151201A (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2000-12-19 | Rotor blade for wind power installations |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19962454A DE19962454A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Rotor blade for wind turbines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19962454A1 true DE19962454A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
Family
ID=7934126
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19962454A Withdrawn DE19962454A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Rotor blade for wind turbines |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU3151201A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19962454A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001046582A2 (en) |
Cited By (14)
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WO2003006825A1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-23 | Hydra Tidal Energy Technology As | Plant, generator and propeller element for generating energy from watercurrents |
DE10235496A1 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-12 | Ge Wind Energy Gmbh | Method for making wind turbine blade comprises fitting connectors over joint between two sections of blade, gap between inner surfaces of connector and blade sections then being filled with resin |
FR2863319A1 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2005-06-10 | Ocea Sa | Wind generator`s blade for producing electricity, has ribs coupled to mast using sticking lip, and layer coupled to ribs by sticking lip, where sticking lip is constituted of bi-component polyurethane adhesive |
WO2009109619A2 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-11 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | An assembly tool and a method of manufacturing a blade |
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- 2000-12-19 AU AU31512/01A patent/AU3151201A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-19 WO PCT/DE2000/004518 patent/WO2001046582A2/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3151201A (en) | 2001-07-03 |
WO2001046582A3 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
WO2001046582A2 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
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