DE102005023120B3 - Two stage wind power plant to produce electricity has second annular carrier element of second wind power unit of diameter not less than that of first one - Google Patents

Abstract

The wind power plant has a first wind power unit (1) with rotor axis (3), annular carrier element (6) and rotor vane (7); and a second wind power unit (2) with second rotor axis (9), rotor vane (12) and second annular carrier element (10), the diameter of which is equal to or somewhat greater than the diameter of the first annular carrier element, to which it is concentric.

Description

The The present invention relates to a two-stage wind turbine from the windmill principle, which used for energy supply.

Even though the present invention is applicable to any wind turbine is, their characteristics and their underlying problem described in relation to a wind turbine with a large design.

such Wind turbines are suitable for a proportionate power requirement for all Cover consumers. In the future, these will also be over the Hydrolysis of water in addition to oxygen to produce hydrogen serve by means of fuel cells in motor vehicles via herein electricity produced the previous drive means gasoline, diesel or Natural gas will replace. Furthermore, for the current oil and gas producing countries that currently living at no high-tech level, among others the installation higher capacities at wind power plants from the revenues of their petroleum and natural gas businesses out an important question for the preservation of their future Existence when the sources of raw materials have dried up.

Worldwide have been wind turbines so far enforced with a horizontal axis, usually three rotor blades or rotor blades carry on the rotor, the energy generated by wind energy then in the small engine house with transmission, brake device, generator and Control devices supplies. The plants are stationed on masts via a turntable and will be over Operated control devices.

The current three-winged Wind turbines are in the face of overproduction of electricity from nuclear power plants and those with fossil fuels only to a small extent exploited, that is, after the demand of the power distributor temporarily switched off, although enough Wind power would be available. Already today would be it is necessary to remove all energy from wind turbines, to temporarily store in storage facilities or in energy sources, such as For example, to convert hydrogen. The Previous procedure should be overcome in the presence of large wind power plants be in the face of the looming end of world resources Coal and hydrocarbons should be the use of coal, petroleum and natural gas for thermal use also in motor vehicles urgently by world conventions prohibited and the ban be enforced so that the chemical Industry of the world and metallurgy still over longer Time over have these important raw materials can. Only then will electricity from alternative and regenerative energies become the main power source. Large-scale wind turbines of the aforementioned size can be included the necessary reorganization of world energy consumption and its implementation serve as an important support column.

Though make the currently existing in Germany wind turbines a considerable power generation, but in total the height is through Alternative energies (wind, water, sun) only generate electricity approximately 10% of total national electricity consumption.

at the three-winged Wind turbines according to the state In the art, the fact has proved to be disadvantageous that these three-bladed wind turbines have low performance, there the wings a surface exposed to the wind use of only about 60 square meters.

in the The state of the art is the approach to solving this problem, the performance of the wing three Thereby increasing wind turbines that the dimensions the rotor wing in length and width increased become.

At However, this approach has proved to be disadvantageous that the current composites like fiberglass and synthetic resin it does not allow the measurements the rotor wing to increase significantly Because weight gain competes with stability requirements and adversely affects or even precludes them. The Possibility, the rotor blades for one increased Incorporation of wind power to widen where they stand according to the state the technique rather a pointed Course also fails due to the stability requirements, as in this case with a significant weight gain too is calculated.

Further In the prior art, the approach is to increase the number of rotor blades to the capacity due to an increased Increase intake of wind power.

At However, this approach has proved to be disadvantageous that due to the big one Diameter of the foot plate the rotor blades only a limited number, generally three rotor blades the rotor can be attached. An enlargement of the rotor let the current models under no circumstances.

Moreover, it is known from DE 10 2004 020 835 A1 to provide a wind turbine with a central rotor unit, a ring carrier element which concentrically surrounds the central rotor unit, and with a plurality of rotor blades, each on the rotor unit and on the ring carrier element are rotatably mounted for a circular circulation. The rotor blades are additionally rotatably supported in each case on bearing sections on the rotor unit and on the ring carrier element about their longitudinal axes and can be controlled synchronously for adjustment by control devices in the region of these bearing sections.

The Number of wings and thus the uptake of wind energy is here by the circumference and thus by the receiving area of the rotor unit limited, since the storage of the proximal ends of the rotor blades on the rotor unit claim a predetermined space requirement.

Furthermore, from the DE 100 03 385 A1 a wind turbine is known which comprises two successively arranged rotors, of which the first rotor, which is arranged in front of the second rotor, has a smaller diameter than the second rotor.

Consequently It is an object of the present invention, a wind turbine with an elevated capacity due to increased Intake of wind power the approaches according to the state to create technology.

These The object is achieved by a two-stage wind turbine with the features of the claim 1 solved.

The The idea underlying the present invention is that that the two-stage wind turbine is a first wind power unit, which a first rotor axis, a first concentric the first rotor axis circumferential ring carrier element and first rotor blades which respectively at the first rotor axis and the first Ring carrier element for one circular Circulation are rotatably mounted; and a second wind power unit comprising a second rotor axis, a second concentric rotor second axis circumferential inner ring carrier element, a second outer ring carrier element concentrically encircling the second inner ring carrier element and second rotor blades which can be coupled to the second rotor axis and on the second inner ring carrier element and on the second outer ring carrier element for one circular Circulation are rotatably mounted; wherein the second inner ring carrier element the second wind power unit has an equal or slightly larger diameter as the first ring carrier element the first wind power unit and concentric and adjacent to this is arranged.

Consequently shows the present invention over the approaches according to the prior art the Advantage of that through the two-stage design of the wind turbine the larger second wind power unit closely adjacent to the smaller first wind power unit for a favorable one Bauraumausgestaltung can be formed, with the larger second Wind power unit due to the enlarged circumferential receiving area for the second rotor blades the number of second rotor blades be increased considerably can, which increases the energy intake considerably.

Further the diameter of the entire wind turbine can be increased, without a stability problem occurs because the second rotor blades the second wind power unit analogous to the first wind power unit stably stored between two ring carrier elements become.

Consequently can by the present invention idea wind turbines with larger diameters be achieved, with the individual rotor blades for a circulation on a circular path are rotatably mounted about the respective associated rotor axes. By the extra Storage of the distal ends of the individual rotor blades through the respectively assigned ring carrier element can the single rotor blade with a longer length, one greater width and an elevated one Be formed weight. Furthermore, several rotor blades with narrows trained proximal ends are provided as the rotor unit unlike the prior art does not record the entire weight of the rotor blades must, and thus a rejuvenated Storage section is sufficient. In particular, the width of the stand according to the The technique generally has pointed distal ends of the rotor blades be enlarged many times, at the same time the number of rotor blades are significantly increased can. By each movably mounted on a circular path and guided Rotor wing tips by the respectively associated fixed ring carrier elements are the weight forces the single rotor blade from the rotor unit or the associated rotor axes to the respective associated ring carrier elements advantageously shifted.

All in all Thus, the wind power through the inventive two-stage Wind turbine optimally utilized with each end wing bearing become.

In the dependent claims find advantageous developments and improvements of in claim 1 specified two-stage wind turbine.

According to a preferred development, the first rotor axis of the first wind power unit and the second rotor axis of the second wind force unit on a common axis of rotation. Preferably, the second rotor axis of the second wind power unit surrounds the first rotor axis of the first wind power unit like a sleeve, wherein the second rotor axis and the first rotor axis, for example by means of a ball bearing, are rotatably supported relative to each other and independently. By this extended axis thus arise two independent wind power units, which can be arranged compact or tight side by side due to the gemeinsa men axis arrangement. This is an advantage in the construction and space requirements of the two-stage wind turbine according to the invention.

According to one Further preferred development are the second wing of the second wind power unit with their proximal ends on each a common carrier ring arranged, which in the second inner ring carrier element is rotatably mounted. For a compound of the carrier ring with the second rotor axis are preferably a plurality of cross spokes provided, for example, four cross spokes, which between the second rotor axis and the carrier ring for one Coupling of the second rotor blades over the associated carrier ring are mounted with the second rotor axis. This becomes an independence the outer wind power unit from the internal wind power unit in a simple and cost effective manner created, with the two wind power units on a common axle bearing and advantageously fall back on a common axis of rotation.

According to one another preferred embodiment the wind turbine has several columns, which either directly or over further connection struts indirectly with the individual ring carrier elements are connected so that the individual ring carrier elements each in one stable position.

Preferably becomes the first ring carrier element the first wind power unit fixed by supporting struts, which with the columns are firmly connected. This will create a stable support structure created. The same applies to the second inner ring carrier element, which preferably also over support struts is worn, which with the columns are connected. The second outer ring carrier element, However, the second inner ring carrier element, for example, directly at the columns attached and worn by this. It's for one Professional obvious that the column construction for a stable position Support of the individual ring carrier elements designed as desired and equipped with any columns and struts can be.

To a further preferred embodiment the wind turbine has outside inclined Support columns and inner vertical support columns on, which each with their bottom-side foot ends in an associated circular, For example, two-lane inner track by Doppelradsätzen for a rotation the wind turbine are mounted executable around its vertical axis. As above explains are at the individual support columns or Additional support columns support struts for the ring carrier elements intended. This allows the wind turbine with respect to the current wind direction be optimally aligned. Preferably, an inner vertical Support column provided, which the common axle bearing for the first rotor axis and having the second rotor axis.

According to one another preferred embodiment are several first energy delivery points in the area of the distal Ends of the first rotor blades on the first ring carrier element intended. Furthermore, preferably, a plurality of second energy delivery points in the region of the distal ends of the second rotor blades on the second outer ring carrier element arranged. For example, an energy decrease over a each associated bolt chain done. The respective energy purchase points For example, in the area of the storage areas of the respectively assigned Support columns or Braces attached.

According to one another preferred embodiment an alternative or additional energy decrease takes place over the first rotor axis and / or the second rotor axis, for example by a blocking of the freewheel between the first rotor axis and the first rotor blades and / or by blocking the freewheel between the second Rotor axis and the associated cross spokes, which in turn with the second rotor blades over the support ring are coupled.

According to one another preferred embodiment is an additional Stabilizing ring for protecting the first ring carrier element of the first wind power unit and / or the second inner ring carrier element of the second wind power unit provided, for example, by the columns or by lateral bracing, in turn with the columns are connected, is worn. This will provide a stable storage of the first ring carrier element or the second inner ring carrier element guaranteed.

According to a further preferred development, the first rotor blades are additionally rotatably mounted respectively on bearing sections on the first rotor axis and on the first ring carrier element about their longitudinal axes and synchronously controllable for adjustment by at least one control device in the region of these bearing sections. Analog are the second rotor blades additionally rotatably mounted respectively on bearing sections on the second inner ring carrier element and on the second outer ring carrier element about their longitudinal axes and synchronously controllable for adjustment by at least one associated control device in the region of these bearing sections. Preferably, a single, each associated with the rotor blades or a common control device for synchronous control of the first and / or the second wing is provided. As a result, a tilting or wedging or an opposite-phase adjustment control of the controlled rotor blades can be avoided since a synchronized control for an angular adjustment of the individual rotor blades is ensured by, for example, a common control device.

To In a further preferred development, each first rotor blade is on the distal bearing portion on the first ring carrier element and every second rotor blades at the distal bearing portion on the second outer ring carrier element with in each case a spring device for an elastic suspension coupled, each having a radially outwardly directed tension of the respectively associated rotor blade causes. Preferably, the spring force of the spring devices each suitably adjustable. Thus, an elastic storage of first and second rotor blades in the radial direction, so that in terms of possible change in length due to wind pressure and temperature fluctuations the rotor blades a can experience certain deflection. To counteract such deflections, practice the Spring facilities each on the associated rotor blade or on the associated rotor blades a moderate and adjustable tension.

According to one another preferred embodiment is the first ring carrier element and the second outer ring carrier element in each case as an annular hollow rail arrangement for a Enclose the respectively associated distal ends of the first and second rotor blades educated. It is advantageous on both sides of the respective annular hollow rail arrangement in each case an endless roller chain in each case a hollow rail for guiding the respectively associated rotor blades intended.

The second inner ring carrier element may also preferably as an annular hollow rail arrangement for one Recording the assigned carrier ring be formed, wherein the support ring in the hollow rail arrangement for a circulation of the same is stored. On the ring carrier are in turn, the individual second rotor blades attached.

Preferably the distal ends of the first and second rotor blades are each over Connection element with a bridge element coupled, with the bridge element with the respectively associated two roller chains of the annular hollow rail arrangement for one synchronous leadership the respective rotor blades is engaged on both sides of the hollow rail arrangement. For example takes the respective connection element the respectively assigned Spring device for the Bias of the respective associated rotor blade, wherein the connecting element can be telescopically formed. Preferably, the connection element each rotatable for an adjustment of the angle of attack of the associated rotor blade the associated bridge element appropriate. For an adjustment of the angle of attack of the individual rotor blades Preferably in the region of the distal bearing portion in each case an external control device provided, as already explained above has been. Alternatively, a common control device, for example a timing chain, for a synchronous adjustment of the respective rotor blades synchronous rotation of the connection elements may be provided.

To a further preferred embodiment show the first wings the first wind power unit and the second blades of the second wind power unit one wing length of each in about 25 to 100 meters up. For example, the first wind power unit has up to about 200 first rotor blades and the second wind power unit to about 700 second rotor blades. It is for a person skilled in the obvious that the length, the width, the number as well as other parameters changed arbitrarily and the respective requirements can be adjusted.

in the Below are advantageous embodiments of the present Invention with reference to the figures of the drawing explained in more detail. From show the figures

1 a front view of a two-stage wind turbine according to the invention according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 a schematic plan view of the bottom-side arrangement of support and support columns for supporting the two-stage wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 a longitudinal sectional view of a two-lane rail track for guiding and supporting the column foot ends according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 a cross-sectional view of a two-lane rail track for guiding and supporting the column foot ends according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 a right-hand cross-sectional view of the wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 a front view, partially in section, of a distal rotor blade end with associated bearing portion and bridge element in the hollow rail arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 a front view of a circular partial section of an associated in the roller chain energy collection point according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8th a front view of a two-stage wind turbine according to the invention according to another embodiment of the present invention; and

9 a cross-sectional view along the section line II-II 8th ,

1 11 illustrates a front view of a two-stage wind turbine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As in 1 it can be seen, consists of the wind turbine according to the present embodiment of a first wind power unit 1 and a second wind power unit disposed adjacent thereto 2 ,

The first wind power unit 1 forms the smaller, inner part of the wind turbine and consists of a first rotor axis 3 which from a warehouse 4 a preferably vertical support column 5 is received rotatably. The first rotor axis 3 forms a rotor unit for the first wind power unit 1 ,

Further, with respect to the horizontal axis of the first rotor axis 3 concentrically arranged first ring carrier element 6 provided, which in the front view according to 1 is shown in dashed lines, as a later to be described stabilization ring 17 from the front in front of this is arranged. The first ring carrier element 6 is preferably formed as an annular hollow rail arrangement, as will be described in more detail below.

Between the first rotor axis 3 and the first ring carrier element 6 are a variety of first rotor blades 7 next to each other, the first rotor axis 3 circumferentially attached. The first rotor blades 7 are preferably each via a bearing portion in the region of the first rotor axis 3 and a bearing portion in the region of the first ring carrier element 6 stored at this. Preferably, the proximal ends of the first rotor blades 7 with the first rotor axis 3 coupled such that an idle operation and a blocking of the idling operation for example, an energy decrease over the first rotor axis 3 possible are. The annular rail arrangement or the first ring carrier element 6 preferably further encloses the distal ends of all the first rotor blades for stable storage thereof. On the distal bearing of the first rotor blades is discussed below with reference to 6 detailed.

For example, there are about 200 first rotor blades 7 provided with a longitudinal extent of about 95 to 100 m in the first wind power unit and around the first rotor axis 3 rotatably mounted such that the first rotor blades 7 one through the first ring carrier element 6 circulating a defined circular path.

As in 1 Furthermore, it can be seen, the wind turbine has a second wind power unit 2 as already explained above, which forms the larger, outer part of the wind turbine.

The second wind power unit 2 consists of a second rotor axis 9 , which, in particular, in 5 it can be seen, the first rotor axis 3 sleeve-like surrounds, wherein the first rotor axis 3 and second rotor axis 9 For example, via ball bearings are coupled together such that the first rotor axis 3 and the second rotor axis 9 can rotate independently of each other and relative to each other. Such an extended rotor axis ensures independent rotation of the first and second rotor blades about a common axis of rotation in a simple and cost-effective manner.

The second wind power unit 2 also has a second, inner ring carrier element 10 , which is the second rotor axis 9 concentrically surrounds and is formed as an annular hollow rail arrangement, and a second outer ring carrier element 11 which, in turn, the second inner ring carrier element 10 concentrically surrounds and is also preferably designed as an annular hollow rail arrangement.

Analogous to the first wind power unit 1 encloses the annular rail arrangement of the second outer ring carrier element 11 the distal ends of all second rotor blades 12 ,

As in 1 is also apparent, the second rotor blades 12 fastened with its proximal ends to a support ring, not shown, in the hollow rail arrangement of the second inner Ring carrier element 10 is rotatably mounted. For a rotatable coupling of the second rotor blades 12 with the second rotor axis 9 are cross spokes, for example, four each at 90 ° to each other arranged cross spokes, with the second rotor axis 9 and with the distal ends of the second rotor blades 12 coupled carrier ring coupled.

For example, up to 700 second rotor blades are approximately 12 between the second inner ring carrier element 10 and the second outer ring carrier element 11 provided with a respective length of about 95 to 100 m. The second rotor blades 12 thus revolve one through the second ring carrier elements 10 and 11 given circular path.

As well as in 1 is illustrated, is the wind turbine with the two wind power units 1 and 2 constructed such that the first rotor blades 7 the first, internal wind power unit 1 circulate a first circular path and the second rotor wing 12 the second, outer wind power unit 2 circulate a second circular path, wherein the two circular paths are arranged from above such a concentric view from above that the proximal end of the second rotor blades 12 on the distal end of the first rotor blades 7 builds up in about. Thus, the larger, outer wind power unit builds 2 close to the inner, smaller first wind power unit 1 and it is realized a compact design of a two-stage wind turbine, in which the first, outer ring carrier element 6 the first wind power unit 1 has a diameter which is equal to or preferably slightly larger than the diameter of the second, inner ring carrier element 10 the second wind power unit 2 ,

The circumference of the bearing area for the proximal ends of the second rotor blades 12 ie the circumference of the second, inner ring carrier element 10 For example, is about 620 m, and the circumference of the second, outer ring carrier element 11 is about 1200 m, for example, so that the number of supported wings can be significantly increased, for example, to about 700 second rotor blades 12 , as already explained above, which are each about 1 m wide at their ends and thus can be stored well.

The above four cross spokes 13 serve to maintain one with the first wind turbine 1 common axis of rotation, since the four cross spokes 13 the coupling between the axis of rotation and the individual second rotor blades 12 over the carrier ring 8th accomplish. The above-mentioned double axis or extended axis, consisting of the first rotor axis 3 and the second rotor axis 9 , wherein the second rotor axis 9 the first rotor axis 3 sleeve-like and rotatably mounted surrounds, forms a common axis of rotation for both the first wind power unit 1 as well as for the second wind power unit 2 , Thus, an extended axis of rotation was vorgese hen, which from the two independent and relatively rotatable rotor axes 3 and 9 is built and through the common camp 4 the support column is stored.

2 illustrates a schematic plan view of the wind turbine and in particular on the bottom-side arrangement of support and support columns according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

How out 1 and 2 it can be seen, the structure is made up of first and second rotor axes 3 . 9 Ring carrier elements 6 . 10 and 11 and rotor blades 7 and 12 carried by a column system. Preferably, there are six outer support columns 14 that is, two lateral shorter support columns and four obliquely offset longer support columns provided, which obliquely from a bottom bearing portion in the direction of the outer second ring carrier element 11 extend and at suitable locations, in particular on the second outer ring carrier element 11 are permanently mounted, for example, at the horizontal outermost peripheral edge of the second outer ring carrier element 11 ,

Further, for example, two support columns 15 which extend in the vertical direction from a bottom-side bearing portion and also at suitable locations preferably of the second outer ring carrier element 11 are mounted for storage thereof, also at the horizontally outermost peripheral edge of the second outer ring carrier element 11 firmly attached, as in 1 seen. From the individual support columns 14 or support columns 15 can extra struts 16 in the direction of the individual ring carrier elements, in particular of the second inner ring carrier element 10 and the first ring carrier element 6 , Run and be firmly attached to these for a stable storage of the same.

Preferably, a with reference to 1 already explained, additional stabilizing ring 17 provided, for example, by associated bracing 16 is worn and a support or stable mounting, protection and storage of the first ring carrier element 6 and / or the second inner ring carrier element 10 serves. In 1 is the stabilization ring 17 shown from the front, wherein the at least partially underlying ring carrier elements 6 and 10 partially shown in dashed lines.

Furthermore, the structure according to the present embodiment, a perpendicular verlau fende pedestal 5 with associated turntable 5a on which, starting from a bottom-side mounting in the vertical direction with respect. The ring carrier elements 6 and 11 extends centrally and at least the camp 4 , as already explained above, for receiving the first rotor axis 3 and the second rotor axis 9 having.

The pillar 5 can in addition to the storage of rotor axes 3 and 9 also an attachment in particular of the second ring carrier elements 10 and 11 as well as specially provided energy collection points, which are described in more detail below serve. The second outer ring carrier element 11 For example, it can be additionally supported by braces, which from the pedestal 5 or from the associated support columns 14 or support columns 15 be worn.

The wind turbine or the individual ring carrier elements 6 and 11 are so over the column system, consisting of the columns 5 . 14 and 15 as well as bracing 16 stored on the bottom side, that the wind turbine can move around its vertical axis in a circle, so as to align the arrangement according to the currently prevailing wind direction for optimum utilization of wind power. These are, for example, the six outer support columns 14 in a first kreisför shaped, outer special railroad 18 and the two support columns 15 in a second concentric internal special railroad 19 guided and stored, with reference to the 3 and 4 will be explained in more detail below.

3 illustrates a sectional view along the longitudinal direction of the special rail track 18 according to an embodiment of the present invention and 4 a sectional view along the transverse direction of the special rail track 18 in 3 , Like from the 2 to 4 can be seen, are the support columns 14 preferably on Doppelradsätzen 20 arranged on the associated two-lane special railroad 18 run, taking the special railroad 18 anchored for example in a bottom-side foundation. The special railroad 19 resembles the in 3 shown special railroad 18 , The support columns 15 are also preferably arranged on Doppelradsätzen, which on the two-lane special railroad 19 run, taking the special railroad 19 is anchored, for example, in the bottom-side foundation.

Even though in the figures, the storage and guiding principle based on a Column shown as an example is, this principle is also analogous to the other columns or carriers applicable.

The six outer support columns 14 and two support columns, for example, on the outer special railroad 18 and special inner rail track 19 be moved so that a total of rotation of the wind turbine takes place about its vertical axis. Here is the central pillar 5 preferably arranged on a turntable or the like. The trouble-free setting in motion set the wind turbine, for example, via gears that engage pairs of rails from below into the tooth profiles of the carrier. For this purpose, there is a shaft between the pair of rails and, for example, a drive motor with gearbox and brake. By driving the outer six support columns 14 For example, the two support columns 15 be driven with, so that these advantageously do not need their own drive unit.

5 11 illustrates a right side cross-sectional view of the wind turbine according to the present embodiment, but without consideration of support columns 14 and support columns 15 , for clarity.

As in 5 can be seen, the vertical pedestal has 5 a warehouse 4 which is preferably slightly above the center of the pedestal 5 is provided. The warehouse 4 serves, as already explained above, a recording of the first rotor axis 3 , which forms the inner rotor axis, and the second rotor axis 9 , which the outer, sleeve-like rotor axis of the extended total axis 3 . 9 forms.

The first rotor axis 3 is about a ring bearer 8th with the first rotor blade 7 coupled, for example, a device for blocking an idle between the first rotor blade 7 and the first rotor axis 3 is provided (not shown). The function of inhibiting idling will be described in more detail below.

The first rotor blades 7 , as in 5 is shown, are thus at the first rotor axis 3 between the rotor axis 3 and the first ring carrier element 6 arranged and rotatably mounted. To support in particular the first ring carrier element 6 the wind turbine preferably has the additional stabilizing ring 17 on, as also mentioned above. The stabilizing ring 17 in turn will have suitable bracing 16 carried.

As in 5 is also apparent, is the outer, second rotor axis 9 with the cross spokes 13 coupled, for example, four each arranged at an angle of 90 ° to each other cross spokes 13 are arranged. The cross spokes 13 extend from the second rotor axis 9 in the direction of the second, inner ring carrier element 10 and are via a carrier ring (not shown) with the second rotor blades 12 coupled. Analogous to the first wind power unit is a device for blocking the idling between the cross spokes 13 and the second rotor axis 9 for an energy decrease at the second rotor axis 9 intended.

As in 5 Further, the second wind power unit is shown 2 from the front view, preferably directly behind the first wind power unit 1 arranged for a compact design of the entire wind turbine, with the second rotor blades 12 in the radial direction preferably begin only where the first rotor blades 7 already end. Thus, the available wind energy optimally becomes in an inner area by the first wind power unit 1 and in an outer area through the outer wind power unit 2 exploited. Both wind power units 1 and 2 however, are defined by a common axis of rotation, the first wind power unit 1 a forward extended inner tube axis (first rotor axis 3 ) and the second wind power unit 2 the sleeve-like provided second rotor axis 9 assigned. Thus, the first wind power unit can 1 and the second wind power unit 2 close to each other and independently of each other on their respective axes or axle sleeves, which are for example designed differently strong, rotate and convert energy into electricity.

An energy decrease may preferably, as already briefly explained above, via the respectively assigned rotor axes 3 and 9 respectively. For example, in the area of the first rotor axis 3 a first power take-off device 21 arranged, which in the case of blocking the idling between the first rotor axis 3 and the first rotor blades 7 Rotational energy of the axis of rotation 3 decreases and converted accordingly into electrical energy.

In a similar way is in the range of the second rotor axis 9 preferably a second energy-absorbing device 22 provided, which in a blocking of the idling between the second rotor axis 9 and the cross spokes 13 or the second rotor blades coupled thereto 12 Rotational energy of the second rotor axis 9 decreases and converted in a suitable manner into electricity.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that a plurality of such energy absorption devices can be provided at suitable delivery points. For example, the first and second power take-off devices 21 . 22 also through the pillar 5 or through the warehouse 4 be supported.

Alternatively or additionally, an energy decrease over the respective pin chains of the first wind power unit 1 and the second wind power unit 2 possible, which is below with reference to the 6 and 7 , especially 7 , is explained in more detail. In this case, the energy-absorbing devices are preferably provided in the region of the supporting structure, ie in the region of suitably associated columns.

Because the first ring carrier element 6 has less space than the second outer ring carrier element due to the smaller circumference for the energy-absorbing devices 11 , Preferably, the energy delivery points for the second wind power unit 2 in the region of the second outer ring carrier element 11 and the power take-off devices for the first wind power unit 1 in the area of the first rotor axis 3 be provided. It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that any combination of arrangements of energy delivery points is possible, wherein additional energy decreases are possible via the assigned rotor axes or via associated energy absorption devices in the region of the individual rotor blades.

With reference to 6 , which illustrates a schematic view, partly in section, of a partial section of a distal rotor blade end including suspension, the storage and guidance of the distal rotor blade ends in the region of the ring carrier element 6 . 11 explained in more detail.

As in 6 is apparent, is the distal end 23 each rotor blade 7 . 12 preferably with a connection element 24 coupled, for example, from telescopically relative to each other displaceable cylinders, which preferably by means of one or more slide rail devices 25 are mutually axially displaceable and radially not rotatable against each other, there is a spring device 26 , For example, a coil spring, such that the rotor blades 7 . 12 be stored under a tensile stress in the radial direction directed outwards. As a result, the individual rotor blades 7 . 12 each elastic with the respective associated ring carrier element 6 . 11 about the spring device 26 having connection element 24 coupled so that on the rotor blades 7 . 12 acting tensile forces due to, for example, excessive wind power from the spring devices 26 can be taken respectively, whereby a protection of the ring carrier side suspension is ensured. The spring device 26 For example, as a compression spring under a fixed rotor wing head cover 27 arranged.

As in 6 is also apparent, is a servomotor 28 for a drive of a thread stamp 29 or a threaded spindle provided. Of the thread temple 29 protrudes through a hole below the support of a neck plate and the bore through the rotor blade head plate and can move freely. In a stamping foot plate 30 sits the threaded temple 29 with its threaded part in the thread of the stamp foot plate 30 freely rotatable. The loose stamp foot plate 30 For example, it is prevented from rotating in the sleeve by means of two grooves, but can be prevented by a rotation of the threaded stamper 29 Move up and down in the cylinder sleeve. The lower part of the spring system must be at pressure changes to the spring device 26 can move up or down at least slightly by adjusting the device or by a wind pressure change, in the direction of the fixed support by the punch neck plate. The spring device 26 in this case exerts the different pressure on the underside of the rotor wing head.

A control device 31 which may be designed, for example, as an overall control device for all rotor blade head ends or as a respective control device associated with a rotor blade tip end, actuates the cylinder sleeve for an angular adjustment of the rotor blade tip end, as has already been explained.

The first ring carrier element 6 and the second outer ring carrier element 11 are each preferably designed as an annular bridge construction, in which two edge-side hollow rails 32 are formed with endlessly running roller chains, which via a bridge arrangement 33 connected to each other. The bridge arrangement 33 is preferably on two edge-side hollow rails 32 within the ring carrier elements 6 . 11 For example, on endlessly running roller chains, stored, wherein the connection element 24 preferably in each case at the center of the associated bridge arrangement 33 is appropriate.

The example ring-shaped ring carrier element 6 . 11 Thus, in each case, in each case, in each case bear one in each case in a peripheral hollow rail 32 running roller chain with integrated plaster rollers, which through the bridge arrangement 33 connected to each other. The plaster rolls can be formed, for example, as full cast rolls or as rolls with a hollow body core consisting of steel and a plastic jacket provided above it. Thus, the individual plaster rolls can be part of the roller chains and in the guide or hollow rails 32 be guided suitably for a circular circulation of the arrangement. The two roller chains are therefore at predetermined intervals, determined by the distances between the individual wing heads, by the respectively provided bridge arrangement 33 connected with each other. Here is the bridge arrangement 33 each connected to the roller chains or screwed to the latter via the associated plaster rollers, preferably by means of a connection on both sides of a platter roller.

Around the danger of a possible Minimize contamination of the encapsulated roller conveyor system During operation, the system can be charged with filtered air. whereby the air is produced in the energy stations. Thus arises an overpressure in the runway system to prevent any contamination.

The connection element 24 is also on the bridge assembly 33 mounted such that a rotation of the connecting element 24 and thus the rotor blade 7 . 12 can be accomplished about their respective longitudinal axes. Such an adjustment of the connection element 24 or the rotor blade 7 . 12 can by means of a control device 31 be executed, which with the connection element 24 is coupled.

At this point it should be noted that instead of the control devices 31 , one of which is one of the rotor blades 7 respectively. 12 is assigned, in each case a common control device, such as a timing chain or the entire wind turbine associated common control device can be provided.

For the total number the rotor wing this design is in the designated intervals over the entire ring system distributed. This ring system is preferably suitable against contamination by overlapping the panel in the area of the moving rotor blade ends capsuled.

To ensure a synchronized adjustment of each rotor blade 7 respectively. 12 both on the bearing portion in the region of the respective distal and proximal bearings are the outer control devices 31 and one in the wind power unit 1 and 2 provided inner control unit (not shown) connected to each other in such a way that synchronized control signals for a synchronous adjustment of the angle of attack of the individual rotor blades 7 respectively. 12 is guaranteed. Thus, wedges of individual rotor blades 7 respectively. 12 be prevented at an adjustment about the longitudinal axis, which would result from the fact that a rotor blade would not be adjusted in synchronism with the distal end at the proximal end.

Thus, every rotor blade 7 respectively. 12 each advantageously by means of an associated spring device 26 zugfederedert and by means of a respective associated connection element 24 rotatable about its longitudinal axis on the associated ring carrier element 6 respectively. 11 suspended so that the rotor blades 7 respectively. 12 in addition to their possible Ver position to move about their longitudinal axes relative to the ring carrier element in a circular path.

Thus, the rotor blades 7 . 12 aligned both at the foot ends and on the suspension in the area of the roller chain bridging synchronously and angularly uniform by means of, for example, cooperating control devices, as already explained above.

The spring device 26 is in each case in the associated cylindrical connection element 24 installed with a predetermined spring force, wherein, for example, an adjusting screw, the spring force of the spring device 26 can be adjusted to the required pressure and the compressive force as a tensile force on the respective associated rotor blades 7 . 12 brings to effect.

7 11 illustrates a schematic view of a partial section of a region of one of the ring carrier elements 6 respectively. 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As in 7 in conjunction with the 1 and 5 it can be seen, the wind turbine has a number of third energy-consuming devices 34 which, for example, have a gearbox, a brake, a generator and control units for power consumption.

Preferably, a plurality of energy delivery points, for example four delivery points, are statically favorable in the region of the lateral support structure in the region of the second outer ring carrier element 11 or in the distal end region 23 the rotor wing 12 arranged. For example, the four energy delivery points 34 , as in 1 it can be seen symmetrically with respect to the horizontal axis of the wind turbine in the area of the bearing points between the support columns 15 and the second outer ring carrier element 11 be arranged. An energy decrease takes place for example by means of a semi-rigid bolt chain 35 , which covers all the distal ends of the rotor blades 12 spans.

A positioning of the third energy delivery points 34 In the distal end region of the rotor blades represents an advantageous arrangement, since the angular velocity increases in the outer peripheral region of the rotor blades and the dimensions of the individual energy delivery points can be increased and designed more effective and numerous.

The principle of the energy decrease explained in detail above is exemplary with respect to the second wind power unit 2 been explained. It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that this principle applies in an analogous way to the first wind power unit 1 and the first ring carrier element 6 with velvet first rotor blade 7 can be applied.

preferably, The wind turbine also has sensor devices (not shown) all important functional parts of the system, which the functionality monitor certain components, such as For example, the adjustment of the rotor blade orientation, the spring pressure the spring devices, the trouble-free Run of the carrier roller chains, the function of the generators, the operability of the drive motors the chassis, its drive gears and the brakes or the like. Furthermore, a video surveillance the whole plant and an acoustic monitoring according to strength and be provided the sound segments. There is the possibility a remote inquiry of all data and a transfer of damage and alarm messages to a parent Central control unit, which optionally a warning signal the operator or an emergency stop mechanism to stop the wind turbine activated.

In addition, can a central control system may be provided, which measurements and registrations of, for example, wind direction and wind speed, Control of the individual stages of the starting processes after detection the individual conditions automatically or under personal service by aligning the system against the wind direction and then the Control of the rotor blades from retirement in operational positions, control of the push the system through the generators and when reaching the minimum speed circuit of the generators to operation. For scheduled or havariebemster Shutdown, the necessary control processes are also initiated, so that the registration of the provided energy services, display, Collection and registration of the messages of the sensor devices on all important functional parts of the system on functionality and the successful realization of control commands takes place.

The rotor blades 7 . 12 For example, they are in the shape of isosceles triangles, with the tips approximately at an angle of 10 ° being on the rotor unit. The rotor blades 7 . 12 can be hollow body of the type of wings of aircraft with the corresponding wind-dynamic shaping of the wind-cutting sides and also have the corresponding internal structure.

As already explained above, the first wind power unit may have approximately 100 to 200 or 250 wings and the second wind power unit may have up to 700 wings. The diameter of the first wind power unit may be, for example, 220 m and the circumference thus 691 m. The inner ring carrier of the second wind power unit may have the same dimensions or be slightly larger. The entire diameter of the second wind power unit can at For example, 445 m and its circumference thus 1398 m amount.

The following is based on the 8th and 9 a further embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail, wherein 8th a front view of a two-stage wind turbine and 9 a cross-sectional view along the section line II-II 8th according to the further preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As in the 8th and 9 can be seen, according to the present embodiment for supporting the first ring carrier element 6 the first wind power unit 1 and the second ring carrier elements 10 and 11 and the stabilizing ring 17 four struts 16 provided, which branch off from the support columns, so that a stable system is ensured.

As in 9 in cross-sectional view, serve the braces 16 a storage of the first ring carrier element 6 , the second ring carrier elements 10 and 11 and the stabilizing ring 17 , as already explained above. While in the case of the first wind power unit 1 the stabilizing ring 17 can only be kept so broad that he the first rotor blades 7 not obstructed at rest, since in this case the first rotor blades 7 apply the full width, this is true for the second wind power unit 2 not to, given the maximum width of the second rotor blades 12 is preferably smaller than the width of the second outer ring carrier element 11 ,

While the side facing the wind turbines mainly in the area of bracing 16 , of the stabilizing ring 17 is not a smooth plane, the windward side can be configured as a uniform high comb with wind deflecting function. In addition, the system can be given a higher stability, by the design of the side arms of the basic shape of a T-beam of this comb. Despite the vertical attachment of the side arms and the transverse struts 16 For example, the T-beam configuration appears to be useful for the stability of the entire system.

The extended axis has, for example, a diameter of 40 m and thus a circumference of about 126 m. The width of the proximal and distal ends of the respective wings is thus at the selected number to rotor blades to adapt, with an increased number, for example of 200 first rotor blades on 250 first rotor blades, the width of the proximal ends should be reduced accordingly.

When Construction material can suitable light metals, including titanium, serve as well as composite materials made of synthetic resins, glass and carbon fibers. At suitable locations can however, alternatively, special sails made of synthetic fibers with appropriate reinforcements and the formation of inflatable tubes in hydrofoil shape be suitable. Depending on the design of the rotor blades and the expected Progress in solar technology can be the rotor blades as well equipped accordingly become.

The technological utilization of all created open spaces Wind turbine parts according to the invention two-stage Wind turbine with end wing bearing leads to a optimal utilization of wind power.

For example, in the three inner support columns 5 and 15 Lifts are located, through which an operator can reach the generator systems. Thus, the present invention provides a wind turbine with increased performance. By using all the synergistic effects, which are in a significant increase in length and width of the rotor blades, their number and special design advantages including elastic end-side suspension, with a relatively higher energy yield per square meter surface of the rotor blade over the three-bladed systems according to the State of the art to NEN. If such wind turbines in the future replace about 400 of the current wind turbines, the current total number of wind turbines could be significantly reduced to obtain the same electrical power. The total cost of replacing 14,000 of the state-of-the-art wind turbines, amounting to about 21 billion euros, would be only partially consumed for the above large-scale facilities.

The Constructs of two wind turbines joined together or joined together, the Both have their own rotor axes and own ring carrier elements for the respective wing tips and the rotor bridges with roller bearing for the clamping device of the individual wings is, for example, of each associated control devices or from a common Control device controlled.

Claims (28)

Two-stage wind turbine with: a first wind power unit ( 1 ), which has a first rotor axis ( 3 ), a first the first rotor axis ( 3 ) concentrically encircling ring carrier element ( 6 ) and first rotor blades ( 7 ), which in each case on the first rotor axis ( 3 ) and on the first ring carrier element ( 6 ) are rotatably mounted for a circular circulation; and with a second wind power unit ( 2 ), which has a second rotor axis ( 9 ), a second the second rotor axis concentrically encircling inner ring carrier element ( 10 ), a second, the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) concentrically encircling outer ring carrier element ( 11 ) and second rotor blades ( 12 ), which in each case with the second rotor axis ( 9 ) and at the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) and at the second outer ring carrier element ( 11 ) are rotatably mounted for a circular circulation; wherein the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) of the second wind power unit ( 2 ) has an equal or slightly larger diameter than the first ring carrier element ( 6 ) and is arranged concentrically and adjacent to this. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first rotor axis ( 3 ) of the first wind power unit ( 1 ) and the second rotor axis ( 9 ) of the second wind power unit ( 2 ) have a common axis of rotation. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second rotor axis ( 9 ) of the second wind power unit ( 2 ) the first rotor axis ( 3 ) of the first wind power unit ( 1 ) surrounds sleeve-like, wherein the second rotor axis ( 9 ) and the first rotor axis ( 3 ) are rotatably supported by means of, for example, a ball bearing pair relative to each other and independently. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second rotor blades ( 12 ) of the second wind power unit ( 2 ) are arranged with their proximal ends on a support ring, which in the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) is rotatably mounted. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of cross spokes ( 13 ), for example four cross spokes ( 13 ) between the second rotor axis ( 9 ) and the carrier ring of the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) for a coupling of the second rotor blades ( 12 ) via an associated carrier ring ( 8th ) with the second rotor axis ( 9 ) are provided. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wind turbine several columns ( 5 . 14 . 15 ), which at the associated ring carrier elements ( 6 . 10 . 11 ) and hold them in a stable position. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that the first ring carrier element ( 6 ) by bracing ( 16 ) is designed to support fixed, which in turn fixed to the support columns ( 15 ) are mounted. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) by bracing ( 16 ) which are attached to suitable associated columns ( 5 . 15 ), and / or by associated columns ( 5 . 14 . 15 ) and the second outer ring carrier element ( 11 ) by associated columns ( 5 . 14 . 15 ) are each formed stationary. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the outer inclined support columns ( 14 ) and the inner vertical support columns ( 15 ) each with their bottom-side foot ends in an associated circular, for example, two-lane rail track ( 18 . 19 ) by means of Doppelradsätzen ( 20 ) are rotatably mounted for rotation of the wind turbine about its vertical axis. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that the center vertically on a turntable ( 5a ) standing pillar ( 5 ) a common axle bearing ( 4 ) for the first rotor axis ( 3 ) as well as for the second rotor axis ( 9 ) having. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that preferably a plurality of energy-absorbing devices ( 34 ) in the region of the distal ends ( 23 ) of the first rotor blades ( 7 ) on the first ring carrier element ( 6 ), wherein an energy decrease, for example via an associated bolt chain ( 35 ) he follows. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 11, characterized in that the energy-absorbing devices ( 34 ) for the first wind power unit ( 1 ) in the field of bracing ( 16 ) or in the region of an additional stabilization ring ( 17 ) are provided. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that preferably a plurality of energy-absorbing devices ( 34 ) in the region of the distal ends ( 23 ) of the second rotor blade ( 12 ) on the second outer ring carrier element ( 11 ), wherein an energy decrease, for example via an associated bolt chain ( 35 ) he follows. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 13, characterized in that the energy-absorbing devices ( 34 ) for the second wind power unit in the area of the bearing areas of the columns ( 14 . 15 ) are provided. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an energy decrease for the first wind power unit ( 1 ) by, for example, blocking the freewheel between the first rotor axis ( 3 ) and the first rotor blades ( 7 ) over the first rotor axis ( 3 ) he follows. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that an energy decrease of the second wind power unit ( 2 ) by, for example, blocking the freewheel between the second rotor axis ( 9 ) and the associated cross spokes ( 13 ) over the second rotor axis ( 9 ) he follows. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the stabilizing ring ( 17 ) with three or four arms for supporting the first ring carrier element ( 6 ) and / or the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ), which is supported by the associated columns or struts. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first rotor blades ( 7 ) additionally in each case on bearing sections on the first rotor axis ( 3 ) and on the first ring carrier element ( 6 ) rotatably mounted about their longitudinal axes and for adjustment by at least one control device ( 31 ) are synchronously controlled in the region of these bearing sections. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second rotor blades ( 12 ) additionally in each case on bearing sections on the second inner ring carrier element ( 10 ) and on the second outer ring carrier element ( 11 ) rotatably mounted about their longitudinal axes and for adjustment by at least one control device ( 31 ) can be controlled synchronously in the area of these bearing sections at head and foot ends. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims 18 or 19, characterized in that the control device ( 31 ) a single each of the individual rotor blades ( 7 . 12 ) or a common control device for a synchronous control of the first rotor blades ( 7 ) and / or the second rotor blade ( 12 ). Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each rotor blade ( 7 ; 12 ) at the distal bearing portion ( 23 ) on the associated ring carrier element ( 6 ; 11 ) with a spring device ( 26 ) is coupled for an elastic suspension, which a radially outwardly directed tensile stress of the respectively associated rotor blade ( 7 ; 12 ) causes. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 21, characterized in that the spring force of the spring devices ( 26 ) is suitably adjustable. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring carrier elements ( 6 . 11 ) each as an annular hollow rail arrangement for enclosing the ends of the rotor blades ( 7 ; 12 ) are formed. Two-stage wind power plant according to claim 23, characterized in that on both sides of the annular hollow rail arrangement in each case an endless roller chain in an associated hollow rail for guiding the rotor blades ( 7 ; 12 ) is provided. Two-stage wind turbine according to claim 24, characterized in that the distal ends ( 23 ) the rotor blade ( 7 ; 12 ) each via a connection element ( 24 ) with a bridge arrangement ( 33 ), wherein the bridge arrangements ( 33 ) each with two roller chains for a synchronous guidance of the rotor blades ( 7 ; 12 ) are engaged on both sides of the hollow rail arrangement. Two-stage wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first rotor blades ( 7 ) of the first wind power unit ( 1 ) and the second rotor blades ( 12 ) of the second wind power unit ( 2 ) each have a wing length of about 95 to 100 m. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first wind power unit ( 1 ) into about 100 to 200 first rotor blades ( 7 ) having. Two-stage wind power plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second wind power unit ( 2 ) to about 700 second rotor blades ( 12 ) having.