DE10113409A1 - Wind and wave power system, stands on 3 or more pillars floating in sea bed, and has flotation tubes encased in base parts consisting of at least 3 independent units with 3 flushing line connections - Google Patents

Abstract

The system is for installation on the continental shelf and has an energy medium for wind and wave energy. It stands on three or more pillars (2) floating in the sea bed. Flotation tubes are encased in base parts (1) and consist of at least three independent units with connections for flushing lines. The base parts have outlet openings at the lower edge and hatches on the upper part.

Description

State of the art

My thoughts were activated by numerous reports that matched found that there are hardly any opportunities for large wind turbines on land. The requirements to avoid harassment are very high.

There is plenty of space everywhere on the continental shelf. It is obvious Idea to install wind and wave power plants there.

While doing research in Aachen, I found numerous publications, but few that were patented.

A combination of wind and wave power plants is only in disclosure DE 44 23 454 A1 described.

The disclosure DE 32 20 381 A1 describes a spindle transmission, the lifting energy converted into usable rotary motion. The float has been flooding for a long time State of the art to achieve an adjustment, mentioned in the descriptions of buoys and other floats. A management position is not available and quick maintenance is not provided.

There are numerous disclosures for hydraulic power transmission. But one Execution has not yet taken place according to these suggestions.

The systems operated on land are equipped with power generators and brakes, to achieve a smooth rotation. At wind speeds around 30 m / sec. performance is mostly achieved. The system must be switched off because control is no longer possible.  

description Drawing: WWK1

The system consists of: floor ( 1 ), columns ( 2 ), main float ( 3 ), hydraulic cylinder ( 4 ), supply line ( 5 ), storage tank ( 6 ), work platform ( 7 ), wind generator ( 8 ), bogie ( 9 ), Supply and discharge of the hydraulics ( 10 ), secondary float along with hydraulics ( 11 ) and tower linkage of the wind turbine ( 12 ) The pressure accumulator (2 a) are anchored to the pillars (2).

The generators (G) operated with axial oil motors and the control electronics are installed on the platform ( 7 ).

Preparing foundations under water presents considerable difficulties. Making parts on land that are completed, washed in at the place of installation by means of water pressure is easier. Water is pressed at the lower edge of the floor slabs from cemented alluvial pipes SR. These have a connection for several units and regulation becomes feasible. This is how it is washed into the sand. The flood water emerges through hatches (L) in the upper area of the floors ( 1 ). The remaining cavity is then filled through these hatches. The columns ( 2 ) are firmly connected to the base plates ( 1 ) by means of pull rods and gluing. The pressure accumulators ( 2 a) are clamped in the columns. The columns can be made of centrifugal concrete in several parts. The connection points have recesses to prevent lateral shifting. The outside diameters are to be observed exactly. The recessed connections must be ground to plan and continuously with appropriate tolerances before joining and gluing.

Drawing: WWK1 also illustrates the oil flow.

When the main float drops, oil flows from the reservoir ( 6 ) under low pressure into the upper displacement of the master cylinder ( 4 ). If a usable quantity of oil is released by one of the secondary floats, this is passed through the hollow shaft ( 4 a) to the pressure accumulator. The lower bores are exposed by the master cylinder piston which has been moved upwards ( 4 b). The lower part of the master cylinder presses oil into the pressure accumulator ( 2 a). The supply and discharge lines as well as valves of the double-acting cylinders on the main and secondary floats are to be designed for rapid passage. Trombone ( 5 ) is the movable low-pressure line, 5 and 4 are protected by bellows. From there, on the main float level, the supply line to the secondary floats is via hose lines. The pressure supply line from the secondary floats is mounted on the flange of the support structure (30 drawing WKL1) and leads into the hollow shaft of the main pump. The oil flow to and from the gondola is via the central line ( 10 ).

When moving upwards, the secondary float is almost fully lifted, the power is fully transmitted, since the main float also rises and the upper bores in the piston area ( 4 b) are released.

After final assembly, the generator systems (G) and rooms for the maintenance personnel and the control electronics are housed on the work platform ( 7 ). Removal and assembly take place after installation.

Drawing: WK3A

Shows the structure of the rotor nacelle ( 8 ) bogie ( 9 ) (not available for multi-nacelle structures) inlet and outlet ( 10 ). Supply lines for the rotor blade adjustment ( 16 ) control cylinder of the blade adjustment ( 17 ), overload valve and lines ( 18 ) which discharge the overload oil flow ( 22 ) through the hollow shaft ( 24 ) into the low pressure line. The cables are connected to the hardened end piece, which runs precisely through the centering of the hollow shaft and is screwed tight. If rotor blades are overloaded, the overload valves react quickly and effectively because the overload lines have a large enough diameter. After the gust has subsided, it is reset to the setting angle calculated by the computer. Main and thrust bearing ( 19 ). Helical gears or belts ( 20 ) transmit the power to the controlled axial piston pump ( 21 ).

With this arrangement, oil is always supplied to the main storage at a constant pressure issued. The speed is only limited by the load capacity of the rotor blades!

Drawing: WK2B

Instead of the usual three-winged vehicle, a distributor nacelle ( 14 ) on a bogie ( 9 ) can carry three or more nacelles ( 8 ). This distributor nacelle enables the nacelles ( 8 ) to be turned into the most favorable mounting position. Removable working aids ( 15 ) on the tower scaffold ( 12 ) enable easier assembly. Oil can be drawn in and out through the connecting linkage. The smaller rotor blades are considerably less sensitive to wind gusts and much cheaper to manufacture.

Particular attention should be paid to the cost-benefit analysis for this part of the system. Overload switching for each rotor blade enables power to be used at wind speeds significantly higher than 30 m / sec. The axial hydraulic pumps regulate the quantity dispensed at the same pressure. As a result, the speed of the rotor is not important for an even oil pressure. The energy collected by both systems is released into the high-pressure accumulator ( 2 a). Depending on the amount of oil produced, one or more generator-hydraulic-motor units (G) are operated on the work platform ( 7 ). These units are easy to control and ensure in-phase current. In the high-pressure steel cylinders ( 2 a) there are air cushions that ensure even pressure delivery. The cylinders are clamped in the base and top of the columns ( 2 ). This arrangement increases the stability of the entire unit. A cooling system in the oil return ensures optimal conditions for the hydraulic system.

Drawing: WKL 1

Wave energy systems require smooth and precise guidance in order to transmit the occurring forces quickly and as smoothly as possible. The play is completely compensated for by a conical guide rail precisely adjusted on ( 30 ) and the roller strips ( 25 ) inserted with the same pitch. Multiple roller guides for each column ( 2 ) are feasible. This construction enables a complete and quick exchange of the entire guide elements in a short time.

Careful and regular maintenance of these important parts is one Basic condition for a perfect function. Quick and precise centering and setting the game is ensured by this arrangement.

In the rollers ( 27 ) coated with elastomers ( 26 ), needle bearings ( 28 ) can be used. These are sealed by multi-lip seals ( 29 ). Bolts ( 32 ) are held by caps ( 33 ) and sealed from the outside. If there are seawater-resistant sliding materials, a water sliding bearing arrangement is preferable. A holding plate enables the exact play of the roller strips ( 25 ) to be set. Parts ( 30 ) symbolize the main float carrier with roller bar ( 25 ). The main floats ( 31 ), corresponding to the number of columns, and are in several parts. The secondary floats consist of several chambers and are similar to inflatable gas filled, foamed or both. This increases the protection of the main swimmers. If there is any damage, there is no risk that the entire system will fail. Exchange at the site can be done easily.

The number of switchable generator units depends on the oil generated amount that is pumped into the accumulators. So there is maximum energy recycling possible in almost all weather conditions. When the wind power dies down there is still wave energy.

A central overload valve protects the entire hydraulic system.

Installation, transport and height of the system

Due to the location, the column height A is given from the sea floor to the high tide. The maximum wave height during a hurricane, plus safety distance and A gives the total height up to the working platform ( 7 ). It is ideal to assemble parts 1 , 2 , 3 and 7 on land. After flooding the dock, it can then be transported using swimming aids. The installation requires very large floating cranes (available?). Individual transport of the floors and columns is feasible with today's means. The completely assembled frame ( 30 ) is mounted on the first washed-in column using an auxiliary clamp. This clamp is provided with a short roller guide similar to ( 25 ). The short guide is opposite ( 25 ). This creates a vertical bracket for the second pillar. This still hanging on the crane is assembled according to the same scheme. Precise washing in is guaranteed. Check the parallelism at the top of the column. Auxiliary anchors and ropes make alignment easier. Regulation is also possible using the flushing pressure. The next column is to be installed according to the same scheme. Auxiliary roller guides and auxiliary ropes must be removed. Further assembly can be carried out using building construction methods. The energy of several systems can be directed to a transformer station and from there onshore.

A prerequisite for profitability is that a larger series of these systems is manufactured. If there is a staggering that results in significant wave break, one is Coastal protection measure carried out at no extra cost. This not insignificant Savings must be taken into account! Unusable energy that arises in ideal conditions at night, can be stored in the form of generated hydrogen for motor vehicles. A not inconsiderable number of workers find employment during a long period the construction period.

Claims (8)

1. For a wind and wave power plant installed in the continental shelf and one Has energy sources for wind and wave energy. That it stands on at least three pillars, that have washed into the seabed. 2. According to claim 1 characterized by poured into the bottom parts of the flood pipes which are in at least three independent units, each with a connection for the Flush lines are provided. These parts of the floor have outlet openings at the lower edge and hatches on the top. 3. According to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom parts ribs and reinforcements have, are provided with recess and holes in which the lower parts of the columns screwed and glued. 4. That the columns are made of several concrete parts and are set off to the side To prevent displacement. This marks the offset pages before gluing be ground to ensure parallelism and the column outer diameter are cast to size. Marked that the columns after gluing to the inside lying high pressure containers are tensioned and the columns are thereby reinforced. 5. The system created according to claim 1 is provided with a construction which the Ver creates a connection between the main and secondary floats and the central pump. This is characterized by conical guide rails that correspond to the number of columns and these are centrally located. That with the inserted roller guides that still Have readjustment, an accurate and smooth guidance on the pillars arises. This in this construction the main float segments are inserted and fastened and these can be replaced individually. 6. The piston rod connecting the pump cylinder and the central float construction is hollow. The connections for the secondary float pressure are located on the lower connecting part cables. Characterized by that the part carrying the piston as a slide valve is designed and by this arrangement the pressure oil from the sub-floats with him moving main float in the pressure accumulator and that of the secondary Float oil inflow through a trombone line. 7. Wind energy is not converted directly into electricity. This facility is marked thereby a controllable pump presses the generated energy into the pressure accumulator and through a hollow shaft, which at the end has a precisely running and centering has hardened transmitters for three pressure lines and one discharge line. Featured that these lines for hydraulic control of the rotor blades through the shaft in the Rotor suspension are routed and there with control cylinders and overload protection valves and overload oil return are connected. 8. The conversion into in-phase electricity takes place on the work platform Generators that are driven by controlled axial pumps. Characterized that only several generators can be switched on if the corresponding amount of oil is extracted. In the event of a blockage an emergency circuit will direct the oil from the cylinders and pumps directs the storage tanks.