CN105781905A - Wind turbine airfoil with low roughness sensibility and high lift-drag characteristic - Google Patents
Wind turbine airfoil with low roughness sensibility and high lift-drag characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN105781905A CN105781905A CN201610186567.1A CN201610186567A CN105781905A CN 105781905 A CN105781905 A CN 105781905A CN 201610186567 A CN201610186567 A CN 201610186567A CN 105781905 A CN105781905 A CN 105781905A
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- aerofoil profile
- airfoil
- peak
- peaked
- lift
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention provides a wind turbine airfoil with the low roughness sensibility and high lift-drag characteristic. Under the design state, the wind turbine airfoil has the following pressure distribution patterns: a first negative pressure crest appears in the front edge position, with the chordwise extent being 0.2% C-0.4% C, of the airfoil, the crest value of the coefficient of pressure (CP) ranges from 1.5 to 4.5, and accordingly the roughness sensibility of the airfoil is reduced; and a second negative pressure crest appears in the position with the chordwise extent being 18% C-28% C, the crest value of CP ranges from 1.5 to 3.5, and accordingly the lift-drag ratio is increased, wherein C represents the chord length of the airfoil. The contradiction between the two performance indexes of the roughness sensibility and lift-drag characteristic of the airfoil is effectively relieved, the wind turbine airfoil has the high lift-drag characteristic and low roughness sensibility, and thus the performance of the airfoil is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vane airfoil profile design field, be specifically related to one have low roughness sensitivity and
The wind mill airfoil of high lifting resistance characteristic.
Background technology
Vane design of wind turbines is a core technology of wind power generating set design, and the aerofoil profile constituting blade is
The basis of blade design, the research of this technology and application can be design have more wind-energy capture ability with
The high-performance blade of low system load lays the foundation.
The lifting resistance characteristic of airfoil surface roughness sensitivity and aerofoil profile be affect aerofoil profile aerodynamic characteristic main because of
Element, is the significant design index of wind mill airfoil design.
Concrete, owing to the working environment of wind power generating set is more severe, blade surface is particularly susceptible to
The destruction that dust and the pollution of insecticide, even dust storm are corroded, so blade surface can be become coarse by bright and clean；
Change it addition, vane manufacturing error will also result in aerofoil profile, increase airfoil surface roughness；Work as the wing
When type surface roughness increases, its aerodynamic appearance can be caused to change, and then affect the mistake of aerofoil profile
Speed characteristic and aeroperformance.Correlational study shows, along with the increase of edge roughness before aerofoil profile, wind energy conversion system is pneumatic
Hydraulic performance decline is up to more than 30%, greatly reduces the wind energy utilization efficiency of wind energy conversion system.Therefore, want when design
Wind mill airfoil is asked to have relatively low sensitivity to roughness, it is ensured that pneumatic equipment blades is subject to outward in leading edge
Boundary pollutes or under conditions of there is certain foozle, still has and higher catches wind energy power and generating efficiency.
It addition, in order to ensure that pneumatic equipment blades has excellent aerodynamic characteristic, also require that wind mill airfoil has
High lift-drag ratio.
Low roughness sensitivity and high lift-drag ratio are the design objectives of a pair contradiction each other.Prior art is by limit
Upper surface thickness processed improves the roughness sensitivity of wind mill airfoil, but this causes wind mill airfoil in design
Lift-drag ratio under state is relatively low, and design lift coefficient is less.So far, there is not yet both at home and abroad for
Low roughness sensitivity and the relevant report of airfoil with high ratio of lift over drag.
Patent [CN201110023215.1] " family is for the aerofoil profile of blade of megawatt level wind machine " discloses family
For the aerofoil profile of blade of megawatt level wind machine, the relative thickness of 7 aerofoil profiles is respectively 15%, 18%, 21%,
25%, 30%, 35% and 40%, traditional airfoil is compared in this invention higher maximum lift coefficient, and tool
Having higher design lift coefficient, bigger lift-drag ratio and more preferable high reynolds number characteristic, its main wing type is with outer
The design Reynolds number of lateral wing type is 6.0 × 106；Patent [CN201410534926.9] " the wind mill airfoil just side of design
Method and wind mill airfoil race " disclose a kind of positive method for designing of wind mill airfoil and a kind of wind mill airfoil, design
Family of aerofoil sections comprise aerofoil profile outside 3 kinds of little thickness wind energy conversion systems that relative thickness is 15%, 18% and 21%, and right
Aerofoil profile aerodynamic characteristic under low reynolds number is studied；" one utilizes shellfish plug to patent [CN201510183743.1]
The wind mill airfoil method for designing of your function curve " disclose a kind of wind energy conversion system utilizing Bessel function curve
Airfoil Design method, and under the conditions of the wind mill airfoil designed by the method has been carried out middle low reynolds number
The research of lift-drag ratio characteristic；" multidisciplinary optimization of a kind of wind mill airfoil sets patent [CN201410850976.8]
Meter method " disclose a kind of Multidisciplinary Optimization method of wind mill airfoil, the method gas to aerofoil profile simultaneously
Dynamic performance, structure attribute and acoustic characteristic are optimized；Patent [CN201510047830.4] " a kind of vertical axis
The Aerodynamic optimization design method of wind mill airfoil " relate to the Aerodynamic optimization design of a kind of vertical-shaft wind airfoil type
Method；Patent [CN201310234549.2] " the big thickness of family blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil and method for designing thereof "
Disclose family's big thickness blunt trailing edge wind mill airfoil and method for designing thereof, specifically include four kinds of relative thicknesses and divide
It is not the wind mill airfoil of 45%, 50%, 55% and 60%, and is respectively provided with certain rear edge thickness, four kinds of wings
The design Reynolds number of type is middle low reynolds number, is followed successively by 4.0 × 106、3.5×106、3.0×106With 2.5 × 106If,
Meter target is mainly for the lift coefficient variation characteristic in the big range of angles of attack in root of blade region；Patent
[CN201020677153.7] " a kind of wind turbine blade airfoil family " discloses and a kind of relates to the blunt of pneumatic equipment blades
Trailing edge thickness family of aerofoil sections, is used for thick wing type root of blade to replace traditional cylindrical structure, thus improves leaf
Piece performance.
But, the various wind mill airfoils disclosed in each patent of invention above, or it is quick to have low roughness
Perception, but its lift-drag ratio is relatively low；Or there is higher lift-drag ratio, but not there is low roughness sensitivity.
It is to say, all kinds of wind mill airfoils disclosed in prior art, owing to taking into account lift-drag ratio and coarse the most simultaneously
Degree sensitivity, designed by the limited capacity of wind energy conversion system that obtains.
Summary of the invention
The defect existed for prior art, the present invention provides one to have low roughness sensitivity and promotion resistance
The wind mill airfoil of characteristic, can effectively solve the problems referred to above.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of wind mill airfoil with low roughness sensitivity and high lifting resistance characteristic, this wind-force
Airfoil type has pressure below distributional pattern under design point and critical stall conditions: at chordwise extent be
There is the 1st peaked minimum in the aerofoil profile leading edge locus of 0.2%C～4%C, and the peak ranges of pressure coefficient CP is
-1.5～-4.5, for reducing the roughness sensitivity of aerofoil profile；Go out in the position that chordwise extent is 18%C～28%C
Existing 2nd peaked minimum, the peak ranges of pressure coefficient CP is-1.5～-3.5, is used for improving lift-drag ratio；Wherein,
C is aerofoil profile chord length.
Preferably, under design point, at the tail of the peak of the 1st peaked minimum between the peak head of the 2nd peaked minimum
Region is along nip, refers to by the side first from the peak of the tail of the peak of the 1st peaked minimum to the 2nd peaked minimum along nip
To, the region that the value of pressure coefficient CP progressively reduces, for ensureing that aerofoil profile top airfoil has bigger laminar flow model
Enclose.
Preferably, described design point refers to low incidence design point, under low incidence design point, bears for the 1st
The peak value of voltage crest is higher than the peak value of the 2nd peaked minimum；Under the critical stall conditions of High Angle of Attack, the 1st peaked minimum
Peak value is less than the peak value of the 2nd peaked minimum.
Preferably, under low incidence design point, in the position that chordwise extent is 28%C～38%C, aerofoil profile occurs
Upper surface turning point；In the position that chordwise extent is 43%C～53%C, aerofoil profile lower surface turning point occurs；Greatly
Under the critical stall conditions of the angle of attack, in the position that chordwise extent is 1%C～10%C, aerofoil profile upper surface turning point occurs；
In the position that chordwise extent is 45%C～55%C, aerofoil profile lower surface turning point occurs.
The wind mill airfoil with low roughness sensitivity and high lifting resistance characteristic that the present invention provides has following excellent
Point:
Effectively alleviate the contradiction between aerofoil profile roughness sensitivity and lifting resistance characteristic the two performance indications, tool
There are higher lifting resistance characteristic and relatively low roughness sensitivity, thus improve airfoil performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The aerofoil profile that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention " double peaked minimum " pressure distribution form schematic diagram under design point；
Aerofoil profile " double peaked minimum " pressure distribution form signal under critical stall conditions that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention
Figure；
Wherein: 1 represents the 1st peaked minimum；2 represent top airfoil along nip；3 represent the 2nd peaked minimum；4 generations
Table aerofoil profile upper surface turning point position；5 represent aerofoil profile lower surface turning point position；
Fig. 3 be NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile of the present invention with the lift-drag ratio characteristic of similar aerofoil profile (RANS,
Ma=0.2, Re=9 × 106, freely turn and twist)；
Fig. 4 is that NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile of the present invention becomes with Reynolds number with the roughness sensitivity of similar aerofoil profile
Change (RANS)；
Fig. 5 is NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile of the present invention and similar aerofoil profile pressure distribution at maximum lift-drag ratio
Contrast (RANS)；
Wherein:
The 6 calculation of aerodynamic characteristics results representing DU91-W2-250 aerofoil profile (RANS, Ma=0.2, Re=9 × 106,
Freely turn and twist)
The 7 calculation of aerodynamic characteristics results representing NPU-WA-250 aerofoil profile (RANS, Ma=0.2, Re=9 × 106,
Freely turn and twist)
The 8 calculation of aerodynamic characteristics results representing NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile (RANS, Ma=0.2, Re=9 × 106,
Freely turn and twist).
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, with
Lower combination drawings and Examples, are further elaborated to the present invention.Should be appreciated that described herein
Specific embodiment only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
After a large amount of scrutinies, inventors herein propose one and there is low roughness sensitivity and promotion resistance
The wind mill airfoil of characteristic, can effectively take into account high lift-drag ratio and low roughness sensitivity the two performance indications.
Concrete, what the present invention provided has low roughness sensitivity and the wind mill airfoil of high lifting resistance characteristic, such as Fig. 1
Shown in, for wind mill airfoil pressure distribution form schematic diagram under design point；As in figure 2 it is shown, for facing
Pressure distribution form schematic diagram under boundary's stall conditions；This wind mill airfoil has following under design point
Pressure distribution form: the 1st peaked minimum occurs at the aerofoil profile leading edge locus that chordwise extent is 0.2%C～4%C,
The peak ranges of pressure coefficient CP is-1.5～-4.5, primarily serves the purpose of the roughness sensitivity reducing aerofoil profile；?
Chordwise extent is that the position of 18%C～28%C the 2nd peaked minimum occurs, and the peak ranges of pressure coefficient CP is
-1.5～-3.5, primarily serve the purpose of raising profile lift, and then improve lift-drag ratio；Wherein, C is aerofoil profile chord length.
The aerofoil profile with pressure above distributional pattern may be simply referred to as " double peaked minimum " aerofoil profile.It addition, at the 1st peaked minimum
Tail of the peak be along nip to the region between the peak head of the 2nd peaked minimum, refer to bear by from the 1st along nip
The direction that the tail of the peak of voltage crest is first to the peak of the 2nd peaked minimum, the region that the value of pressure coefficient CP progressively reduces,
For ensureing that aerofoil profile top airfoil has bigger laminar flow domain.Additionally, under low incidence design point, the 1st
The peak value of individual peaked minimum is higher than the peak value of the 2nd peaked minimum.In the position that chordwise extent is 28%C～38%C
Aerofoil profile upper surface turning point occurs；Occur that aerofoil profile lower surface turns in the position that chordwise extent is 43%C～53%C
Twist a little.Under the critical stall conditions of High Angle of Attack, the peak value of the 1st peaked minimum is less than the peak value of the 2nd peaked minimum,
In the position that chordwise extent is 1%C～10%C, aerofoil profile upper surface turning point occurs, at chordwise extent be
There is aerofoil profile lower surface turning point in the position of 45%C～55%C.
There is the aerofoil profile of pressure above distributional pattern, effectively take into account aerofoil profile roughness sensitivity and lifting resistance characteristic
Reason is:
Owing to designed aerofoil profile is when design point, top airfoil has certain favorable pressure gradient and in a big way
Laminar flow zone, thus ensure that aerofoil profile has higher lift-drag ratio under design point；And along with the angle of attack
Increasing, there is sharper negative pressure peak in leading edge in the pressure distribution of aerofoil profile top airfoil so that turning point position energy
Enough reaches rapidly, when close to or up stalling angle, turning of top airfoil laminar flow to turbulent flow is twisted closely
The local generation of leading edge point.Therefore, designed aerofoil profile is when design point, and top airfoil has bigger layer
Stream scope, resistance coefficient is less, and lift-drag ratio is bigger；And when lift coefficient reaches maximum, whole top airfoil
Front edge area be completely in turbulent region or be completely in transition range, the now thickness ratio of boundary region
Relatively big, increasing for thicker turbulent boundary layer impact of roughness is little, thus reaches to take into account high lifting resistance characteristic
Purpose with low roughness sensitivity.
Below by way of experiment effect example, offer of the present invention is had aerofoil profile excellent of specified pressure distributional pattern
Point is verified:
Between profile pressure distributional pattern and air foil shape, there is one-to-one relationship, therefore, there is the present invention
The aerofoil profile of described " double peaked minimum " pressure distribution form is unique, the aerofoil profile that present invention design obtains is designated as
NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile, relative thickness is 25%；Inventor uses aerofoil profile aerodynamic analysis software MSES pair
Than the NPU-WA-250 wing calculating NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile of the present invention and traditional same type same thickness
Type and the aeroperformance of DU91-W2-250 aerofoil profile.As it is shown on figure 3, be that NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile is with similar
The lift-drag ratio Character Comparison of aerofoil profile；Fig. 4 is the roughness sensitivity of NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile and similar aerofoil profile
With Reynolds number change contrast；Fig. 5 is NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile and similar aerofoil profile pressure at maximum lift-drag ratio
Power profiles versus.
It can be seen that the NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile of present invention offer from Fig. 3-5, lift coefficient is more than
When 1.0, NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile lift-drag ratio in the range of the biggest lift coefficient is all higher than
NPU-WA-250 aerofoil profile and DU91-W2-250 aerofoil profile, design lift coefficient is apparently higher than DU91-W2-250
Aerofoil profile, and maximum lift-drag ratio is also above NPU-WA-250 aerofoil profile and DU91-W2-250 aerofoil profile；The i.e. present invention
The NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile provided, has higher design lift coefficient, bigger lift-drag ratio and more preferably
High reynolds number aerodynamic characteristic.Because the lift acted on blade section is equal to lift coefficient, chord length and comes
The product of flowing pressure, therefore, higher design lift coefficient can allow to shorten the chord length of blade, thus subtracts
Few leaf weight, or allow to work under lower wind speed in the case of identical chord length；Bigger liter resistance
Ratio can improve power coefficient, and under high reynolds number, higher performance can meet large scale wind power machine blade
Design requirement.The roughness sensitivity of NPU-MWA-250 aerofoil profile that the present invention provides be then between
Between NPU-WA-250 aerofoil profile and DU91-W2-250 aerofoil profile；Fully demonstrate " double peaked minimum " aerofoil profile effective
Alleviate high lift-drag ratio and the aeroperformance index of low roughness sensitivity this pair contradiction each other.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that common for the art
For technical staff, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications,
These improvements and modifications also should regard protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a wind mill airfoil with low roughness sensitivity and high lifting resistance characteristic, it is characterised in that should
Wind mill airfoil has pressure below distributional pattern under design point and critical stall conditions: at tangential model
Enclosing the aerofoil profile leading edge locus for 0.2%C～4%C and the 1st peaked minimum occur, the peak ranges of pressure coefficient CP is
-1.5～-4.5, for reducing the roughness sensitivity of aerofoil profile；Go out in the position that chordwise extent is 18%C～28%C
Existing 2nd peaked minimum, the peak ranges of pressure coefficient CP is-1.5～-3.5, is used for improving lift-drag ratio；Wherein,
C is aerofoil profile chord length.
The wind mill airfoil with low roughness sensitivity and high lifting resistance characteristic the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, under design point, at the tail of the peak of the 1st peaked minimum between the peak head of the 2nd peaked minimum
Region is along nip, refers to by the side first from the peak of the tail of the peak of the 1st peaked minimum to the 2nd peaked minimum along nip
To, the region that the value of pressure coefficient CP progressively reduces, for ensureing that aerofoil profile top airfoil has bigger laminar flow model
Enclose.
The wind mill airfoil with low roughness sensitivity and high lifting resistance characteristic the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, described design point refers to low incidence design point, under low incidence design point, bears for the 1st
The peak value of voltage crest is higher than the peak value of the 2nd peaked minimum；Under the critical stall conditions of High Angle of Attack, the 1st peaked minimum
Peak value is less than the peak value of the 2nd peaked minimum.
The wind mill airfoil with low roughness sensitivity and high lifting resistance characteristic the most according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, under low incidence design point, in the position that chordwise extent is 28%C～38%C, aerofoil profile occurring
Upper surface turning point；In the position that chordwise extent is 43%C～53%C, aerofoil profile lower surface turning point occurs；Greatly
Under the critical stall conditions of the angle of attack, in the position that chordwise extent is 1%C～10%C, aerofoil profile upper surface turning point occurs；
In the position that chordwise extent is 45%C～55%C, aerofoil profile lower surface turning point occurs.
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| CN201610186567.1A CN105781905A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Wind turbine airfoil with low roughness sensibility and high lift-drag characteristic |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111737821A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-02 | 西北工业大学 | Wing profile giving consideration to natural laminar flow characteristic and supercritical characteristic and design method thereof |
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| CN103917776A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2014-07-09 | 乌本产权有限公司 | Method for operating a wind turbine |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100008787A1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2010-01-14 | Kristian Balschmidt Godsk | Wind Turbine Blades With Vortex Generators |
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