CN104776615A - Direct heat absorbing type solar heat collecting device based on secondary-reflection focusing system - Google Patents
Direct heat absorbing type solar heat collecting device based on secondary-reflection focusing system Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
The invention relates to a direct heat absorbing type solar heat collecting device based on a secondary-reflection focusing system. The direct heat absorbing type solar heat collecting device comprises an upper cone frustum, a heat absorbing cavity, a high-temperature molten salt buffer tank and a low-temperature molten salt buffer tank; multi-area partition plates are arranged in a cavity of the upper cone frustum; high-temperature molten salt outlet devices are arranged on the inner lateral wall and at the bottom of the upper cone frustum; a graphite heat accumulating column is arranged in the high-temperature molten salt buffer tank; a molten salt steam filtering device and a high-temperature air circulating device which are communicated with each other are arranged on the outer lateral side of the upper cone frustum; a reinforced heat absorbing and exchanging device is arranged in the heat absorbing cavity; a thermal insulation layer is arranged at the periphery of the heat absorbing cavity; a supporting structure is arranged outside the thermal insulation layer; a flow distributing plate is arranged at the bottom of the heat absorbing cavity; a low-temperature molten salt lower cavity is arranged under the flow distributing plate; the low-temperature molten salt lower cavity is connected with a low-temperature molten salt storing tank through a low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline; the graphite heat accumulating column is arranged in the low-temperature molten salt storing tank. The direct heat absorbing type solar heat collecting device is high in heat absorbing efficiency, accurate and controllable in temperature of a heat transfer work medium outlet, simple to operate and free of side effect on surrounding environment and can operate in normal pressure.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy heat collector, particularly relate to based on a kind of direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection.
[background technology]
Fossil energy is as the main energy sources of modern industry, and through the large scale mining that century more than one continues, its reserves reduce day by day, and the use of fossil energy also brings day by day serious environmental problem, the long air pollution of such as greenhouse effects and large area.Develop reproducible clean energy resource significant for energy sustainable development.Solar energy is hopeful the important component part of the energy based on future as a kind of new cleaning fuel very much.
Large solar power station mainly contains photovoltaic and photo-thermal two kinds of Conversion of Energy forms, and wherein photo-thermal power station can be divided into again tower, slot type and dish-style three kinds.The advantages such as it is large that the tower solar-thermal generating system using fused salt as heat transfer medium has power, and efficiency is high, and heat storage capacity is strong, stable.Typical tower type solar heat dump is that the cylindrical being placed in tower top exposes tubular type heat dump, on the one hand, due to the corrosivity that can flow the even fused salt working medium of skewness vertically of incidence, the cylindrical of continuous operation under astable hot environment exposes tubular type heat dump and is easy to overheating fault occurs, and causes heat dump structural damage; On the other hand, the fusing point of fused salt own is higher, cloud block operating mode and temperature too low time endothermic tube also easily there is frozen block phenomenon.Under solar power tower normal operation, need use high-lift pump for liquid salts, be delivered to by pump for liquid salts on the heat dump of tower top, need the field electricity consumption expending about 10%, operation cost is higher.
Adopt secondary reflection technology, heat sink can be placed in ground, adopt traditional working medium directly to absorb solar radiation technology, security and economy can be improved, and there is the higher thermal efficiency.US Patent No. 20110067398A1 proposes a kind of solar focusing and energy-storage system being placed in ground, comprise heliostat, heliostat installs slope, cylindrical cavity heat dump, heat dump top blind flange, sunray incidence window and thermal baffle, its heliostat is installed on to be had on the slope of certain angle, and the fused salt in cylindrical cavity shape heat dump directly absorbs the solar radiation that heliostat focuses on; It realizes the adjustment of endothermic process by the thermal baffle that mechanical elevating is positioned at molten salt pool inside, and the import and export pipeline of cold and hot fused salt is positioned at the certain position place of cylindrical cavity heat dump sidepiece.This apparatus structure is simple, and have the function of heat absorption heat accumulation integration, but device volume is large, fused salt useful load is large, and Flow-rate adjustment and Temperature of Working controlling functions are short of relatively.The solar energy based on secondary reflection that United States Patent (USP) WO2010083285 proposes a kind of integration directly absorbs and heat-storing device, comprise fused salt storage tank, fused salt, fused salt storage tank opening, secondary reflection device, heat exchanger tube and agitator, fused salt is only as heat absorption and heat accumulation working medium, heat exchanger tube is utilized to be derived by the heat in large-scale fused salt storage tank, heat exchanger tube is immersed in heat absorption working medium, in storage tank, temperature of molten salt can not accurately control, and directly cannot export hot melt salt as heat-transfer working medium.
It is large that secondary reflection solar energy hot spot is characterized as central area energy-flux density, fringe region energy-flux density is little, solar energy stream mainly concentrates on spot center region, the design of heat dump should be taken into account Flow and heat flux cooperative effect, accurate controlled medium outlet temperature, improve heat absorption efficiency, and prevent local overheated, prior art is difficult to reach this kind of technique effect.In addition, under fused salt high temperature, vapour pressure is lower, but in heat dump open on a large scale, its evaporation capacity is still very considerable, is unfavorable for environmental protection and security of operation, and above-mentioned two kinds of heat sinks also do not address this problem.As a kind of clean energy resource, the stable operation of solar energy thermo-power station needs stable heat-transfer working medium outlet temperature and the friendly to environment, therefore proposes a kind of flow of heat-transfer working medium, temperature can accurately control and environmentally friendly solar energy heat absorbing device is real needs.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to: for defect and the deficiency of prior art, a kind of safe and reliable, high efficiency, the environmentally friendly direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection are provided, it is high that this device not only has heat absorption efficiency, and heat-transfer working medium outlet temperature controllable precise, normal pressure runs, simple to operate, the ecological environment of surrounding is had no adverse effects.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection of the present invention, the built-in liquid heat exchange working medium of this device, this device comprises top round platform, heat absorption cavity, high-temperature molten salt surge tank and low-temperature molten salt storage tank, multizone division board is had in described top round platform cavity, high-temperature molten salt outlet device is arranged at top round platform madial wall and bottom, high-temperature molten salt outlet device is connected with high-temperature molten salt surge tank by high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit, graphite accumulation of heat post is had in high-temperature molten salt surge tank, on the round platform of top, plane is provided with annular tongue, there is windbreak in the outside of upper plane, deflection plate is had inside windbreak, on the round platform of top, there is rhone planar outboard and windbreak junction, there is quartz window at round platform cavity upper opening place, top, outside portion is provided with fused salt steam filtration device and high temperature air EGR also mutual UNICOM, high temperature circulation air and ejection shower nozzle ejection high temperature circulation air is sucked by the inhalation spray head of correspondence, strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig is provided with in described heat absorption cavity, be with heat-insulation layer outward, supporting construction is had outside heat-insulation layer, heat-insulating cover is arranged at heat absorption cavity top, flow distribution baffle is arranged at bottom, be provided with low-temperature molten salt lower chambers below flow distribution baffle, and be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank by low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline, in low-temperature molten salt surge tank, have graphite accumulation of heat post.
In the present invention: described heat absorption cavity is made up of round platform cavity and lower curved face cavity, the indicatrix of curved surface cavity is circle, ellipse or hyperbola, this kind of structure can make fluid central region flow velocity increase, meet the heat absorption Working fluid flow feature required by Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection hot spot flux-density distribution feature, the solar energy energy-flux density that the cavity that simultaneously absorbs heat accepts is 500kW/ ㎡ ~ 200kW/ ㎡.
In the present invention: described liquid heat exchange working medium is fused salt, the serviceability temperature scope of fused salt is 300 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C.
In the present invention: described low-temperature molten salt lower chambers is provided with the import of lower chambers low-temperature molten salt, and be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank by low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline, low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline divides has fused salt emptying pipe to be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank, and fused salt emptying pipe is provided with fused salt exhaust-valve; Wherein, low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline is provided with the low-temperature molten salt submerged pump at low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline stop valve and low-temperature molten salt outlet place, has graphite accumulation of heat post in low-temperature molten salt storage tank.
In the present invention: described high-temperature molten salt surge tank is connected with high-temperature molten salt outlet device by high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit, high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit is provided with high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve, the flow exported in order to regulate high-temperature molten salt, high-temperature molten salt enters high-temperature molten salt surge tank through high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit, graphite accumulation of heat post is had in high-temperature molten salt surge tank, by high-temperature molten salt circulating pump, the high-temperature molten salt in high-temperature molten salt surge tank is delivered to large high-temperature fused salt storage tank or heat power equipment, wherein, high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve is high-temperature solenoid valve.
In the present invention: described multizone division board is made up of division board in round platform chamber and central area division board, wherein central area division board has and run through fluid duct and duct opening and closing device, wall is distributed to be run through fluid duct and can reduce fluctuation due to the fused salt liquid level caused that flows to greatest extent, reduces reflection loss.
In the present invention: described strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig comprise fin and stainless steel component, fin is fixed on stainless steel component, wherein said fin comprises three fin structures and four fin structures, is made up of graphite or silicon carbide ceramics, finned length 10cm ~ 30cm.
In the present invention: what described flow distribution baffle comprised non-uniform Distribution on circular slab and circular slab runs through fluid duct, wherein circular slab thickness is 3cm ~ 10cm, centered by the distribution characteristics running through fluid duct, duct, region is intensive, fringe region duct is sparse, this structure can make fluid large by the central area flow of flow distribution baffle, fringe region flow is little, strengthen flow and the flowing velocity of central area, meet the heat absorption Working fluid flow feature required by secondary condensation system hot spot energy-flux density feature.
In the present invention: described heat-insulating cover is telescopic scrolling curtain, cover materials is resistant to elevated temperatures basalt fibre braided material, its inwall scribbles aluminium oxide or zirconia high emissivity coating, heat-insulating cover can according to the fluctuation of solar energy intensity of flow and weather conditions automatic shutter, the internal diameter 2 ~ 4cm larger than the external diameter of the annular tongue in plane on the round platform of top of heat-insulating cover.
After adopting said structure, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention is based on secondary reflection Salar light-gathering technology, fused salt directly absorbs solar radiation in heat dump, and the thermal efficiency is high and do not use traditional endothermic tube, fused salt frozen block and local hot stall not easily occurs, has higher security;
2. the structure that the heat absorption cavity in the present invention adopts round platform cavity to be combined with lower curved face chamber, according to the structural design of secondary reflection hot spot energy-flux density feature, decrease the useful load of fused salt, improve heat sink to the response speed controlled, can prevent fused salt from heat dump, occurring the eddy region that local is larger in flow process, ensure that fused salt has higher heat absorption efficiency in heat dump;
3. the strengthening heat absorption in the heat absorption cavity in the present invention and the graphite of heat-exchanger rig or silicon carbide ceramics fin, it is very high to the absorptivity of solar radiation, the assimilation effect of solar radiation can be strengthened, due to the frictional resistance of heat absorbing fins and fused salt, it also can strengthen the stability of fused salt flowing, be unlikely under some conditions to make the fused salt in heat absorption cavity occur larger fluctuation, reduce solar energy reflection loss;
4. the flow distribution baffle in the present invention, its design combines the feature of the hot spot energy-flux density of Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection, and the distribution characteristics it running through fluid duct makes in heat absorption cavity that central area fused salt flow velocity is high, flow large, and local fused salt can be prevented overheated;
5. the quartz window in the present invention, the heat convection loss of heat absorption cavity can be reduced, fused salt steam can be made not to environmental emission in conjunction with fused salt steam filtration device in the present invention and high temperature air EGR, improve environment friendly and the processing safety of heat collector;
6. the windbreak in the present invention, in conjunction with the deflection plate that it is arranged, can reduce the impact of ambient wind velocity on heat sink, reduces heat convection loss;
7. top round platform region segmentation is multiple region by the multizone division board in the present invention, in conjunction with it runs through fluid duct, opening and closing device and hot melt salt outlet device, can improve the controllability of high-temperature molten salt outlet temperature;
8. the heat-insulating cover in the present invention, can reduce solar energy heat collector in night and the heat loss under shutting down operating mode, can prevent rainwater from causing adverse effect to solar energy heat collector when the rainy day closes;
9. there is graphite accumulation of heat post in the high-temperature molten salt surge tank in the present invention and low-temperature molten salt storage tank, the heat storage capacity of tank body can be improved and prevent thermal stratification.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a application's part, but does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the multizone partition plate structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is strengthening heat absorption in the present invention and heat-exchanger rig structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation strengthening the fin in heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the plan structure schematic diagram of flow distribution baffle in the present invention;
Fig. 6 be in the present invention flow distribution baffle cut open schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the schematic layout pattern of deflection plate in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is ejection shower nozzle and the inhalation spray head layout schematic diagram of fused salt steam filtration device in the present invention;
Fig. 9 is heat-absorbing chamber body structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Figure 10 is the Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection structural representation in the present invention;
Figure 11 is the system schematic of the further embodiment scheme of the present invention.
In figure: 1. top round platform; 2. round platform cavity; 3. lower curved face cavity; 4. strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig; 5. multizone division board; 6. high-temperature molten salt outlet device; 7. heat-insulation layer; 8. supporting construction; 9. windbreak; 10. deflection plate; 11. quartz windows; 12. fused salt steam filtration devices; 13. high temperature air EGRs; 14. ejection shower nozzles; 15. inhalation spray heads; 16. heat-insulating covers; 17. annular tongues; 18. rhones; 19. flow distribution baffles; 20. low-temperature molten salt lower chambers; 21. lower chambers low-temperature molten salt imports; 22. low-temperature molten salt inlet pipelines; 23. low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline stop valves; 24. low-temperature molten salt submerged pumps; 25. low-temperature molten salt storage tanks; 26. fused salt exhaust-valves; 27. fused salt emptying pipes; 28. low-temperature molten salt circulating pumps; 29. high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valves; 30. high-temperature molten salt outlet conduits; 31. high-temperature molten salt surge tanks; 32. high-temperature molten salt circulating pumps; 33. graphite accumulation of heat posts; 101. secondary reflection pylons; 102. heliostat; 103. secondary reflection mirrors; 104. heat collector; 401. circular slab; 402. run through fluid duct; 501. fin; 502. stainless steel component; Division board in 601. round platform chambeies; 602. central area division boards; 603. duct opening and closing devices; 604. run through fluid duct; 605. round platform chamber central regions; 606. round platform cavity lateral region.
[detailed description of the invention]
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, illustrative examples wherein and explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
As shown in figs 1-9, a kind of direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection, comprise top round platform 1, heat absorption cavity, high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 and low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25, multizone division board 5 is had in described top round platform 1 cavity, high-temperature molten salt outlet device 6 is arranged at top round platform 1 madial wall and bottom, high-temperature molten salt outlet device 6 is connected with high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 by high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30, on top round platform 1, plane is provided with annular tongue 17, there is windbreak 9 in the outside of upper plane, it is highly 2m ~ 5m, deflection plate 10 is had inside windbreak 9, on top round platform 1, there is rhone 18 planar outboard and windbreak 9 junction, there is quartz window 11 at top round platform 1 cavity upper opening place, its sunlight transmittance is 90% ~ 93%, outside portion is provided with fused salt steam filtration device 12 and high temperature air EGR 13 also mutual UNICOM, suck high temperature circulation air by the inhalation spray head 15 of correspondence and spray shower nozzle 14 and spray high temperature circulation air, strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig 4 is provided with in described heat absorption cavity, be with heat-insulation layer 7 outward, supporting construction 8 is had outside heat-insulation layer 7, heat-insulating cover 16 is arranged at heat absorption cavity top, flow distribution baffle 19 is arranged at bottom, be provided with low-temperature molten salt lower chambers 20 below flow distribution baffle 19, and be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25 by low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline 22.Described heat absorption cavity comprises round platform cavity 2 and lower curved face cavity 3 is formed, the indicatrix of curved surface cavity is circle, ellipse or hyperbola, this kind of structure can make fluid central region flow velocity increase, meet the heat absorption Working fluid flow feature required by Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection hot spot flux-density distribution feature, the solar energy energy-flux density that the cavity that simultaneously absorbs heat accepts is 500kW/ ㎡ ~ 200kW/ ㎡; Described low-temperature molten salt lower chambers 20 is provided with lower chambers low-temperature molten salt import 21, and be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25 by low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline 22, low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline 22 divides has fused salt emptying pipe 27 to be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25, have graphite accumulation of heat post 33 in low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25, fused salt emptying pipe 27 is provided with fused salt exhaust-valve 26; Wherein low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline 22 is provided with the low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24 in low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline stop valve 23 and low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25 exit; Described high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 is connected with high-temperature molten salt outlet device 6 by high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30, high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30 is provided with high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve 29, the flow exported in order to regulate high-temperature molten salt, high-temperature molten salt enters high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 through high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30, in high-temperature molten salt surge tank, 31 have graphite accumulation of heat post 33, by high-temperature molten salt circulating pump 32, high-temperature molten salt is delivered to large high-temperature fused salt storage tank or heat power equipment, wherein, high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve is high-temperature solenoid valve; Described multizone division board 5 is made up of division board 601 in round platform chamber and central area division board 602, wherein central area division board 602 has and run through fluid duct 604 and duct opening and closing device 603, wall is distributed to be run through fluid duct 604 and can reduce fluctuation due to the fused salt liquid level caused that flows to greatest extent, reduces reflection loss; Described strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig 4 comprise fin 501 and stainless steel component 502, fin 501 is fixed on stainless steel component 502, wherein said fin 501 comprises three fin structures and four fin structures, is made up of graphite or silicon carbide ceramics, fin 501 length 10cm ~ 30cm; What described flow distribution baffle 19 comprised non-uniform Distribution on circular slab 401 and circular slab 401 runs through fluid duct 402, wherein circular slab 401 thickness is 3cm ~ 10cm, centered by the distribution characteristics running through fluid duct 402, duct, region is intensive, fringe region duct is sparse, this structure can make fluid large by the central area flow of flow distribution baffle, fringe region flow is little, strengthen flow and the flowing velocity of central area, meet the heat absorption Working fluid flow feature required by secondary condensation system hot spot energy-flux density feature; Described heat-insulating cover 16 comprises telescopic scrolling curtain lid, cover materials is resistant to elevated temperatures basalt fibre braided material, its inwall scribbles aluminium oxide or zirconia high emissivity coating, heat-insulating cover can according to the fluctuation of solar energy intensity of flow and weather conditions automatic shutter, the internal diameter 2 ~ 4cm larger than the external diameter of the annular tongue in plane on the round platform of top of heat-insulating cover.Described deflection plate 10 is arranged in windbreak 9 inwall in radiation and is parallel to horizontal plane, and deflection plate 10 length is 0.2m ~ 0.5m, and from top round platform 1 plane computations, deflection plate 10 length reduces 5cm ~ 8cm from high to low successively; The heat-insulation layer 7 of described heat-absorbing chamber external body, for having the calcium silicates of certain structural strength or aluminium oxide or magnalium radiation heat-insulating material, has the strength support component of steelframe or concrete support to support outside heat-insulation layer 7; Described liquid heat exchange working medium is fused salt, and the serviceability temperature scope of fused salt is 300 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C.
Operationally, be delivered in low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25 via low-temperature molten salt circulating pump 28 by low-temperature molten salt, in this example, low-temperature molten salt temperature is 300 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C; After the liquid level of low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25 reach a certain height, open low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24, low-temperature molten salt enters low-temperature molten salt lower chambers 20 through low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline 22, and the pressure head provided by low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24 drives low-temperature molten salt to enter after flow distribution baffle 19 in lower curved face cavity 3; The liquid level of low-temperature molten salt in lower curved face cavity 3 rises gradually, open Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection when arriving certain liquid level, low-temperature molten salt lower curved face chamber 3 in on flow and pass through directly to absorb solar energy and absorb heat and the heat convection raising temperature of heat-exchanger rig 4 with strengthening; The pressure head that low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24 provides drives fused salt to rise in round platform cavity 2, arrive as normal operating fluid level position 33 place in Fig. 1, fused salt through heating becomes high-temperature molten salt, the temperature of high-temperature molten salt is 500 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C, high-temperature molten salt enters round platform cavity lateral region 606 by the fluid duct 604 of running through on multizone division board 5, high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30 is entered by high-temperature molten salt outlet device 6, wherein high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30 is provided with high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve 29, in order to regulate high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge; High-temperature molten salt enters high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 through high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit 30, delivers to large high-temperature fused salt storage tank or heat power equipment through high-temperature molten salt circulating pump 32.
When carrying out the filled process of fused salt in heat absorption cavity, close high-temperature molten salt outlet device 6, close duct opening and closing device 603, after higher liquid level is set up in round platform chamber central region 605, close low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24, open secondary condensation system, fully increase temperature fused salt, when fused salt is to predetermined temperature, open duct opening and closing device 603, the fused salt after heating enters round platform cavity lateral region 606, opens low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24, open high-temperature molten salt outlet device 6 after being increased to predetermined fluid level, enter the operating mode that normally works; Under accidental conditions, by regulating high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve 29 and low-temperature molten salt submerged pump 24 rotating speed, coordinated signals high-temperature molten salt flow and outlet temperature; During because needing closure set thermal under maintenance or specific operation, first duct opening and closing device 603 is closed, central area, round platform chamber 605 and round platform cavity lateral region 606 are isolated, round platform cavity lateral region 606 high-temperature molten salt continues to export to high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 through hot melt salt outlet device 6, close low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline stop valve 23, open fused salt exhaust-valve 26, in heat absorption cavity, fused salt is expelled to low-temperature molten salt storage tank 25 completely.
Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection is as shown in Figure 10 by secondary reflection pylon 101, heliostat 102, secondary reflection mirror 103 and heat collector 104 form, sunray after heliostat 102 and secondary reflection mirror 103 optically focused and horizontal plane angle are 70 ~ 90 °, sunray after optically focused enters to inject heat collector 104, working medium in heating heat collector 104, the Molten Binary Salts that liquid heat exchange working medium in this example adopts potassium nitrate to mix with sodium nitrate, centered by the beam pattern of Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection, region energy-flux density is large, fringe region energy-flux density is little, the upper opening diameter in wherein above-mentioned round platform chamber, top 1 is 1.1 ~ 1.2 times of Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection spot diameter, the spilling ratio of hot spot is 0.85 ~ 0.95, its solar incident ray received and top round platform 1 horizontal plane angle are 70 ~ 90 °, top round platform 1 is highly 0.2 ~ 0.4 times of whole heat-absorbing chamber height.Hot spot overflows the ratio of light spot energy more total than the light spot energy for arriving heat absorption working medium and Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection.
Above-mentioned lower curved face cavity 3 upper diameter equals top round platform 1 lower openings diameter, and the indicatrix of lower curved face cavity 3 is circle, and oval or hyperbola, lower curved face cavity 3 is highly 0.6 ~ 0.8 times of whole heat absorption cavity.Secondary reflection mirror is in the present invention the equipment sunshine that heliostat reflects being carried out secondary convergence, and its shape is hyperboloid; Its feature of Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection hot spot is approximately circular, and central area energy-flux density is high, and fringe region energy-flux density is low.
As shown in figure 11, further embodiment comprises direct-type solar energy heat collector 901,902,903,904,905 and the fused salt transfer pipeline 908 of the Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection of five cover die blockings, and large high-temperature fused salt storage tank 906 and heat power equipment 907.When the system is operated, when the high-temperature molten salt outlet temperature of one of them or several heat collector of 901-905 reaches predetermined temperature, by fused salt transfer pipeline 908, the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt surge tank 31 shown in Fig. 1 is delivered to large high-temperature fused salt storage tank 906, for heat power equipment 907 provides thermal source.Modular system can improve safety in operation, individual module independently can regulate and not affect the duty of other modules, when wherein certain module occurs abnormal, high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt that whole system can rely on other modules to export and large high-temperature fused salt storage tank 906 works on, reduce the operation risk of solar energy thermo-power station, improve the economy in power station.
The above is only better embodiment of the present invention, therefore all equivalences done according to structure, feature and the principle described in patent claim of the present invention change or modify, and are included in patent claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection, the built-in liquid heat exchange working medium of this device, it is characterized in that: comprise top round platform, heat absorption cavity, high-temperature molten salt surge tank and low-temperature molten salt storage tank, multizone division board is had in described top round platform cavity, high-temperature molten salt outlet device is arranged at top round platform madial wall and bottom, high-temperature molten salt outlet device is connected with high-temperature molten salt surge tank by high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit, graphite accumulation of heat post is had in high-temperature molten salt surge tank, on the round platform of top, plane is provided with annular tongue, there is windbreak in the outside of upper plane, deflection plate is had inside windbreak, on the round platform of top, there is rhone planar outboard and windbreak junction, there is quartz window at round platform cavity upper opening place, top, outside portion is provided with fused salt steam filtration device and high temperature air EGR also mutual UNICOM, high temperature circulation air and ejection shower nozzle ejection high temperature circulation air is sucked by the inhalation spray head of correspondence, strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig is provided with in described heat absorption cavity, be with heat-insulation layer outward, supporting construction is had outside heat-insulation layer, heat-insulating cover is arranged at heat absorption cavity top, flow distribution baffle is arranged at bottom, be provided with low-temperature molten salt lower chambers below flow distribution baffle, and be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank by low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline, in low-temperature molten salt storage tank, have graphite accumulation of heat post.
2. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat absorption cavity is made up of round platform cavity and lower curved face cavity, the indicatrix of curved surface cavity is circle, ellipse or hyperbola, this kind of structure can make fluid central region flow velocity increase, meet the heat absorption Working fluid flow feature required by Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection hot spot flux-density distribution feature, the solar energy energy-flux density that the cavity that simultaneously absorbs heat accepts is 500kW/ ㎡ ~ 200kW/ ㎡.
3. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described liquid heat exchange working medium is fused salt, and the serviceability temperature scope of fused salt is 300 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C.
4. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low-temperature molten salt lower chambers is provided with the import of lower chambers low-temperature molten salt, and be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank by low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline, low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline divides has fused salt emptying pipe to be connected with low-temperature molten salt storage tank, and fused salt emptying pipe is provided with fused salt exhaust-valve; Wherein, low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline is provided with the low-temperature molten salt submerged pump at low-temperature molten salt inlet pipeline stop valve and low-temperature molten salt outlet place, has graphite accumulation of heat post in low-temperature molten salt storage tank.
5. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-temperature molten salt surge tank is connected with high-temperature molten salt outlet device by high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit, high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit is provided with high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve, in order to regulate the rate of discharge of high-temperature molten salt, high-temperature molten salt enters high-temperature molten salt surge tank through high-temperature molten salt outlet conduit, graphite accumulation of heat post is had in high-temperature molten salt surge tank, by high-temperature molten salt circulating pump, the high-temperature molten salt in high-temperature molten salt surge tank is delivered to large high-temperature fused salt storage tank or heat power equipment, wherein, high-temperature molten salt rate of discharge control valve is high-temperature solenoid valve.
6. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multizone division board is made up of division board in round platform chamber and central area division board, wherein central area division board has and run through fluid duct and duct opening and closing device, wall is distributed to be run through fluid duct and can reduce fluctuation due to the fused salt liquid level caused that flows to greatest extent, reduces reflection loss.
7. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described strengthening heat absorption and heat-exchanger rig comprise fin and stainless steel component, fin is fixed on stainless steel component, wherein said fin comprises three fin structures and four fin structures, be made up of graphite or silicon carbide ceramics, finned length 10cm ~ 30cm.
8. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: what described flow distribution baffle comprised non-uniform Distribution on circular slab and circular slab runs through fluid duct, wherein circular slab thickness is 3cm ~ 10cm, centered by the distribution characteristics running through fluid duct, duct, region is intensive, fringe region duct is sparse, this structure can make fluid large by the central area flow of flow distribution baffle, fringe region flow is little, strengthen flow and the flowing velocity of central area, meet the heat absorption Working fluid flow feature required by secondary condensation system hot spot energy-flux density feature.
9. the direct endothermic solar heat collector based on Opticai Concentrating System With Secondary Reflection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat-insulating cover is telescopic scrolling curtain, cover materials is resistant to elevated temperatures basalt fibre braided material, its inwall scribbles aluminium oxide or zirconia high emissivity coating, heat-insulating cover can according to the fluctuation of solar energy intensity of flow and weather conditions automatic shutter, the internal diameter 2 ~ 4cm larger than the external diameter of the annular tongue in plane on the round platform of top of heat-insulating cover.
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