CN103485973B - A kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane - Google Patents

A kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103485973B
CN103485973B CN201310316916.3A CN201310316916A CN103485973B CN 103485973 B CN103485973 B CN 103485973B CN 201310316916 A CN201310316916 A CN 201310316916A CN 103485973 B CN103485973 B CN 103485973B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
empennage
pneumatic equipment
equipment blades
angle
tip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201310316916.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103485973A (en
Inventor
薛宇
刘燕
张蔚
马斌
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Qingdao China Creative Wind Energy Co Ltd
Original Assignee
China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Qingdao China Creative Wind Energy Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd, Qingdao China Creative Wind Energy Co Ltd filed Critical China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN201310316916.3A priority Critical patent/CN103485973B/en
Publication of CN103485973A publication Critical patent/CN103485973A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103485973B publication Critical patent/CN103485973B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/0608Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/20Rotors
    • F05B2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/307Blade tip, e.g. winglets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The application proposes a kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane, including: blade tip, tip vane;Wherein, described tip vane, farther include: empennage connection member, the first empennage and the second empennage;First empennage and the second empennage are connected with one end of described empennage connection member simultaneously and constitute dovetail configuration, and the other end fit of described empennage connection member is fixed on described blade tip thus described first empennage and the second empennage have angle with described pneumatic equipment blades shape respectively;And the first empennage is positioned at the side, windward side of described pneumatic equipment blades, the second empennage is positioned at the lee face side of described pneumatic equipment blades, tangentially extending all in flat structure and along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory of described first empennage and the second empennage.The application effectively improves the aerodynamic characteristic of wind energy conversion system, surface load, reduces tip loss and aerodynamic noise.

Description

A kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane
Technical field
The application relates to energy technology field, particularly relates to a kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane.
Background technology
Wind energy is as the regenerative resource of a kind of cleaning, in the past ten years due to the energy, environment, gas Time problem has obtained rapid development.Obviously, the spatter property of wind energy, recyclability and large-scale application thereof Technology increasingly mature, makes wind-power electricity generation be increasingly becoming in new energy field in addition to nuclear energy, technology is the most ripe, Most exploit condition and the most promising generation mode.
One typical Wind turbine by rotor, wheel hub, blade, gear-box and power drive system, send out Motor, PCU Power Conditioning Unit, the control of software and monitoring.Although the maximal efficiency of Wind turbine in theory It is 59%, the leaf that modern large scale wind power machine designs due to the aerodynamic efficiency that have employed more advanced person The power system component that sheet, modern control theory and use are more powerful so that the performance of Wind turbine is always Increasing steadily.
But, during wind energy conversion system actual motion, blade tip is by the wind surface of the blades such as blade body drive or wind-force Pressure bigger.The blade tip lee face generation turnup to blade can be made for a long time thus cause tip loss, leaf Point loss can cause blade not produce lift, largely effects on the work efficiency of wind energy conversion system.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide a kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane, existing to solve With the presence of the problem of technology, tip vane can be arranged on existing wind field pneumatic equipment blades as blade adapter Go up or on the blade of coming of new, to reach to improve generating efficiency, reduce the mesh that wind field wind energy conversion system tail disturbs 's.Wherein: including: blade tip, tip vane;Wherein, described tip vane, farther include: tail Wing connection member, the first empennage and the second empennage;First empennage and the second empennage even with described empennage simultaneously One end of relay part is connected and constitutes dovetail configuration, and the other end fit of described empennage connection member is fixed on institute State on blade tip thus described first empennage and the second empennage have angle with described pneumatic equipment blades shape respectively; And the first empennage is positioned at the side, windward side of described pneumatic equipment blades, the second empennage is positioned at described wind energy conversion system The lee face side of blade, described first empennage and the second empennage are all in flat structure and along described wind energy conversion system Blade rotational trajectory tangentially extending.
Further, described first empennage/the second empennage chord line at wingtip and the wing at wing root The string of a musical instrument has a torsion angle thus forms a torsion structure at described wingtip so that described wind energy conversion system leaf Tangential along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory of the wing root of the first empennage/the second empennage described in when sheet rotates Cutting air, and the wingtip of described first empennage/the second empennage is along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory Tangentially intercept air, thus reduce tip loss and blade tip Vortex Shedding structure with reach to alleviate wind energy conversion system it Between tail interference.
Further, described torsion structure is to be turned round by the trailing edge forward edge of described first empennage/the second empennage Turn, or, the leading edge of described first empennage/the second empennage reverse to trailing edge.
Further, the angle of described first empennage and pneumatic equipment blades and described second empennage and wind energy conversion system The angle of blade is unequal.
Further, described first empennage is 45 degree of-135 degree with the angle of described pneumatic equipment blades, institute The angle stating the second empennage and described pneumatic equipment blades is 45 degree of-135 degree;Described first empennage/the second tail When the angle of the wing and described pneumatic equipment blades is in 45 degree to 90 degree, described first empennage/the second empennage Warp is to the side of described pneumatic equipment blades thus wraps described blade tip and empennage connection member;Described When the angle of one empennage/the second empennage and described pneumatic equipment blades is in 90 degree to 135 degree, described first Empennage and the second empennage stretch out to the side away from described pneumatic equipment blades.
Further, described first empennage and the second empennage are respectively along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory Vertical section on projection between there is an angle of sweep, described first empennage and the leading edge face of the second empennage Towards the direction of rotation along described pneumatic equipment blades, the trailing edge of described first empennage and the second empennage facing away to Direction of rotation along described pneumatic equipment blades.
Further, the size of described first empennage is more than the second empennage.
Further, described empennage connection member has a movable connection structure, described empennage connection member Install by described movable connection structure with the movable of described blade tip and change.
Further, described movable connection structure has size, the shape adapted with described blade tip, institute State the extension that global shape is described blade tip shape of empennage connection member.
Further, the aerofoil profile of described first empennage and the second empennage is fusiformis structure.
The application compared with prior art remarkable result is as follows:
1) by the blade tip of pneumatic equipment blades is installed tip vane, it is achieved to wind energy conversion system aeroperformance, Run safety, transient state wind load respond and anti-extreme loads ability.
2) tip vane installed for tip loss in this application, can carry out phase according to different demands The replacing answered, to be suitable for the different application at high wind speed or low wind speeds.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding of the present application, constitutes of the application Point, the schematic description and description of the application is used for explaining the application, is not intended that the application's Improper restriction.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the wind machine structure block diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the tip vane front view according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 be according to the embodiment of the present application tip vane along pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory tangential first Structural representation.
Fig. 4 be according to the embodiment of the present application tip vane along pneumatic equipment blades Plane of rotation vertical first Structural representation.
Fig. 5 be according to the embodiment of the present application tip vane along pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory tangential second Structural representation.
Fig. 6 be according to the embodiment of the present application tip vane along pneumatic equipment blades Plane of rotation vertical second Structural representation.
Fig. 7 is according to vertical along pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory of tip vane in the embodiment of the present application Perspective view on tangent plane.
Fig. 8 a is according to the torsion structure schematic diagram of tip vane in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 b is the schematic perspective view of tip vane in Fig. 8 a.
Fig. 9 a is according to another torsion structure schematic diagram of tip vane in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 b is the schematic perspective view of tip vane in Fig. 9 a.
Involved element and corresponding label in accompanying drawing, as follows:
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the application, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specifically real Execute example, the application is described in further detail.
The core idea of the application:
As it is shown in figure 1, the horizontal-shaft wind turbine of prior art, including: blade 1, blade tip 2, wheel hub 3, cabin 4 and pylon 5 form.When blade 1 rotating operation, can be with leaf at the blade tip of blade 1 The rotation of sheet 1 produces a tail flow field.This tail flow field has and presents multi-helical structure Eddy current.When eddy current flows around blade tip, the upper and lower surface at blade tip section can produce pressure differential so that whirlpool Stream produces at blade tip and streams, and this means that the circular rector at blade tip reduces, thus causes torque to reduce, Making blade not produce lift, this loss is referred to as tip loss.Obviously, tip loss will necessarily affect The performance of wind energy conversion system.
And by description above, tip loss is primarily due to the structure of blade tip and streaming to be caused , clearly can change the impact streamed by the size and structure changing blade tip itself thus solve leaf Point loss.But, the direct size changing blade tip itself and structure can largely effect on the gas of pneumatic equipment blades Dynamic characteristic, the reduction of the performance that this impact is caused is considerably beyond avoiding tip loss to be brought Income, therefore can not solve tip loss by the size and structure that directly change blade tip itself.Institute To consider to revise the structure at blade tip by Circumscribed structure, so reduce tip loss.
As shown in figures 2-6, a kind of pneumatic equipment blades 1 with tip vane, including: blade tip 2, leaf Point winglet;Wherein,
Described tip vane, farther includes: empennage connection member the 223, first empennage 221 and second With the one of described empennage connection member 223 while of empennage 222, the first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 End is connected and constitutes dovetail configuration, and the other end fit of described empennage connection member 223 is fixed on described blade tip On 2 thus described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 form one with described pneumatic equipment blades 1 respectively Angle a, b.
And the first empennage 221 is positioned at the side, windward side 21 of described pneumatic equipment blades 1, the second empennage 222 lee face 22 sides being positioned at described pneumatic equipment blades 1, described first empennage 221 and the second tail Tangential 24 extensions of the wing 222 rotational trajectory all in flat structure and along described pneumatic equipment blades 1, institute State the leading edge 224 of the first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 facing to the rotation along described pneumatic equipment blades 1 Turning direction, the trailing edge 225 of described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 is facing away to along described wind energy conversion system The direction of rotation of blade 1.
Described first empennage 221 is disposed asymmetrically relative to pneumatic equipment blades 1 with the second empennage 222. This asymmetric setting shows as the setting of angle and size:
1) described first empennage 221 is 45 degree of-135 degree with the angle a of described pneumatic equipment blades 1, institute The angle b stating the second empennage 222 and described pneumatic equipment blades 1 is 45 degree of-135 degree.But described The angle a of one empennage 221 and pneumatic equipment blades 1 and described second empennage 222 and pneumatic equipment blades 1 Angle b is the most unequal.Owing to the first empennage 221 is positioned at the side, windward side 21 of pneumatic equipment blades 1, Its aerodynamic loading born is bigger, in general, and the first empennage 221 and the angle of pneumatic equipment blades 1 A is more than described second empennage 222 and the angle b of pneumatic equipment blades 1.
As shown in Figure 3,4, when being in 45 degree to 90 degree for angle a, angle b, the first empennage 221 With the second empennage 222 warp wind machine blade 1 side, thus wrap described blade tip 2 with empennage even The fixing end of relay part 223.
As shown in Figure 5,6, when being in 90 degree to 135 degree for angle a, angle b, the first empennage 221 Stretch out to the side away from described pneumatic equipment blades 1 with the second empennage 222.
2) aerodynamic loading and due to the first empennage 221 born is bigger, the most described first empennage The size of 221 is more than the second empennage 222, and the thickness of the such as first empennage 221, chord length, the span will More than the second empennage 222.
Also having a movable connection structure in empennage connection member 223, described empennage connection member 223 is led to Cross the installation movable with described blade tip 2 of described movable connection structure and change.Described movable connection structure There is size, the shape adapted with described blade tip 2, the global shape of described empennage connection member 223 Extension for described blade tip 2 shape.Wind energy conversion system in varying environment is can be implemented in by movable connection structure Select to be suitable for the tip vane of current environment.
The cross section of the aerofoil profile of the first empennage 221 and the aerofoil profile of the second empennage 222 (transversal along chord line Face) in fusiformis structure.
Certainly, it is contemplated that the rationalization of actual application, in another embodiment, described first empennage The aerofoil profile of aerofoil profile and the second empennage can also be symmetrical arranged, and the application is not limited to this.
As it is shown in fig. 7, be in the embodiment of the present application tip vane along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory Perspective view on the vertical section of 23.
Described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 are along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory 23 Projection on vertical section is respectively provided with leading edge sweep α1、α2And/or trailing sweep β1、β2, Leading edge sweep α1、α2It is leading edge 224 and the spanwise 25 of the first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 Angle, trailing sweep β1、β2It is trailing edge 225 and the wing of the first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 The angle in exhibition direction 25.It should be noted that before described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 Edge angle of sweep α1、α2Can be identical, it is also possible to different;Described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 Trailing sweep β1、β2Can be identical, it is also possible to different;First empennage 221/ second empennage 222 Leading edge sweep α1、α2With trailing sweep β1、β2Between can be identical, it is also possible to different.
Generally, because the leading edge of described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 is facing to along described The direction of rotation of pneumatic equipment blades 1, the trailing edge of described first empennage 221 and the second empennage 222 facing away to Along the direction of rotation of described pneumatic equipment blades 1, so the first empennage 221 and leading edge of the second empennage 222 Angle of sweep α1、α2And/or trailing sweep β1、β2Angle arrange the biggest, described first empennage 221 The most sharp-pointed with the shape that the second empennage 222 is constituted, the rotary speed of described pneumatic equipment blades can be made to increase.
As shown in Fig. 8 a, 8b, 9a and 9b, for the twist-tie of another tip vane in the embodiment of the present application Structure schematic diagram.
Described tip vane has and leading edge sweep α shown in Fig. 51、α2And/or trailing edge sweepback Angle beta1、β2, do not repeat them here.
Additionally, described first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 is extended to along chord length direction by wing root 226 There occurs time at wingtip 227 that torsion forms torsion structure, this torsion structure can make described first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 forms a windward side 21 at wingtip 227, and this torsion structure is not limited to court To side (in Fig. 3 phase between the first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 away from pneumatic equipment blades 1 The side of folder), it is also possible to towards (in Fig. 3 angle a, b place, side of pneumatic equipment blades 1 Side).
Specifically, described first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 chord line 228 at wingtip 227 With the chord line 228 at wing root 226, there is a torsion angle thus at described wingtip 227, form one Torsion structure so that the wing of the first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 described in when described pneumatic equipment blades rotates Root is along the tangential 24 cutting air of described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory, and described first empennage 221/ the The wingtip 227 of two empennages 222 intercepts air along tangential the 24 of described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory.
Described first empennage 221 chord line 228 at wingtip 227 and the chord line at wing root 226 228 have the first torsion included angle X, described second empennage 222 chord line at wingtip with at wing root Chord line there is the second torsion angle γ.Torsion can be as shown in Figure 8, by described first empennage The trailing edge forward edge of 221/ second empennage 222 reverses.Torsion can also be as it is shown in figure 9, by described The leading edge of one empennage 221/ second empennage 222 is reversed to trailing edge.The most any torsion, can be in institute The wingtip 227 stating the first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 forms the face intercepting air.
The benchmark being initial 0 degree with first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 chord line 228 at wing root Line (signal as in Fig. 8 a, 9a).As shown in Figure 8 a, the value model of described first torsion included angle X Enclosing by-10 degree to 0 degree, described second reverses the span of angle γ by 0 degree to 10 degree;Such as figure Shown in 9a, the span of described first torsion included angle X is by 0 degree to 10 degree, and described second reverses folder The span of angle γ is spent to 0 degree by-10.
Therefore, comprehensive for, with first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 chord line at wing root 226 The datum line that 228 is initial 0 degree, first empennage 221/ second empennage 222 wing chord at wingtip 227 The span reversing angle that line 228 and the chord line 228 at wing root 226 are formed is by-10 degree To 10 degree.
The foregoing is only embodiments herein, be not limited to the application, for this area Technical staff for, the application can have various modifications and variations.All in spirit herein with principle Within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in claims hereof Within the scope of.

Claims (9)

1. the pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane, it is characterised in that including: blade tip, blade tip are little The wing;Wherein,
Described tip vane, farther includes: empennage connection member, the first empennage and the second empennage;
First empennage and the second empennage are connected with one end of described empennage connection member simultaneously and constitute dovetail knot Structure, the other end fit of described empennage connection member be fixed on described blade tip thus described first empennage and Second empennage has angle with described pneumatic equipment blades shape respectively;
And the first empennage is positioned at the side, windward side of described pneumatic equipment blades, the second empennage is positioned at described wind The lee face side of power machine blade, described first empennage and the second empennage are all in flat structure and along described wind Power machine blade rotational trajectory tangentially extending, described first empennage and the second empennage are respectively along described wind-force There is between projection on the vertical section of machine blade rotational trajectory an angle of sweep, described first empennage and The leading edge of two empennages is facing to the direction of rotation along described pneumatic equipment blades, described first empennage and the second tail The trailing edge of the wing is facing away to the direction of rotation along described pneumatic equipment blades.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described first empennage/the second empennage chord line at wingtip has one with the chord line at wing root Reverse angle thus at described wingtip, form a torsion structure so that described pneumatic equipment blades rotates time institute State the wing root tangential cutting air along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory of the first empennage/the second empennage, and The wingtip of described first empennage/the second empennage tangentially intercepts air along described pneumatic equipment blades rotational trajectory, Thus reduce tip loss and blade tip Vortex Shedding structure to reach the tail interference alleviating between wind energy conversion system.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
Described torsion structure is to be reversed by the trailing edge forward edge of described first empennage/the second empennage, or, by The leading edge of described first empennage/the second empennage is reversed to trailing edge.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The angle of described first empennage and pneumatic equipment blades and described second empennage and the angle of pneumatic equipment blades Unequal.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
Described first empennage is 45 degree of-135 degree with the angle of described pneumatic equipment blades, described second empennage It is 45 degree of-135 degree with the angle of described pneumatic equipment blades;
When the angle of described first empennage/the second empennage and described pneumatic equipment blades is in 45 degree to 90 degree, Described first empennage/the second empennage warp to the side of described pneumatic equipment blades thus wraps described blade tip With empennage connection member;Described first empennage/the second empennage is in 90 with the angle of described pneumatic equipment blades When degree is to 135 degree, described first empennage and the second empennage stretch out to the side away from described pneumatic equipment blades.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The size of described first empennage is more than the second empennage.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described empennage connection member has a movable connection structure, and described empennage connection member is by described work The structure that is dynamically connected is installed with the movable of described blade tip and change.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
Described movable connection structure has size, the shape adapted with described blade tip, and described empennage connects The global shape of parts is the extension of described blade tip shape.
Pneumatic equipment blades the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The aerofoil profile of described first empennage and the second empennage is fusiformis structure.
CN201310316916.3A 2013-07-25 2013-07-25 A kind of pneumatic equipment blades with tip vane Expired - Fee Related CN103485973B (en)

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