CN102128128A - Permanent magnet direct drive type tidal current power generation device - Google Patents
Permanent magnet direct drive type tidal current power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102128128A CN102128128A CN201110069417XA CN201110069417A CN102128128A CN 102128128 A CN102128128 A CN 102128128A CN 201110069417X A CN201110069417X A CN 201110069417XA CN 201110069417 A CN201110069417 A CN 201110069417A CN 102128128 A CN102128128 A CN 102128128A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet direct drive type tidal current power generation device, which comprises a blade system, a power generation system, a current transformation system and a support system, wherein the blade system comprises three blades; the power generation system comprises a generator and an annular permanent magnet; the current transformation system comprises a current transformer; the current transformer is arranged on a bank; the support system comprises a support frame and a shell; the shell is fixed at the upper end of the support frame and comprises a front current conducting cover and a rear current conducting cover which are positioned at the two ends of the shell respectively, a hub and a cabin part; the blades are connected with the hub and are used for driving a rotor shaft of the generator to rotate; and the generator and the annular permanent magnet are arranged in the shell. The invention has the advantages that: tidal current energy is used to generate power, so that the device is safe and environmentally friendly; a permanent magnet motor is used, so that the device can adapt to low water speed and has a high energy conversion rate and a good power generation benefit; the device has a simple systematic underwater structure, long service life and low maintenance cost and is easy and convenient to maintain; the motor is directly connected with a main shaft, so that the stabilizing of electric potential fluctuation caused by flow rate fluctuation is facilitated; and off-course and paddle variable systems are eliminated from the blade system, so that manufacturing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity generating device, relate in particular to a kind of device that utilizes the ocean trend to generate electricity.
Background technique
Along with society and rapid economy development, the mankind are being faced with serious problems such as scarcity of resources, energy scarcity, climatic variation and environmental deterioration.Each state of the world today all solves resource and environmental problem in the approach of the science of seeking, stride forward to environmental protection sustainable development pattern, wherein large-scale development and utilize comprise trend can " the renewable green novel energy source in ocean " become the focus of present research.More than 70% of ball surface area is taken up an area of in the ocean, and China adjoins northwest Pacific, has more than 18000 kilometer tortuous very long shore line, has about 3,000,000 square kilometres sea areas under national jurisdiction and natural resources thereof.The ocean area is wide, and aboundresources is wherein being contained huge renewable green energy resource.21 century is the century that worldwide full-scale development utilizes the ocean, exploitation sea area new energy are for the sustainable development of China's economic society, solve the severe energy and environmental problem, and the national sovereignty marine site carried out aspect such as the effective management of reality and all be significant.
The tidal energy reserves in the whole world are about 3TW, and available part probably is 1TW in the shoal water.As far back as 1996, the tidal energy survey item that European Union supports was just carried out a marine energy resources generaI investigation at the marine site in European Union's scope.According to the investigation result of this project, nearly 106 positions that very are fit to build the tidal power generating station, Europe.According to the assessment and the measurement of science, if build up the trend power station in above-mentioned position, every year can be to the electric energy of European electricity market supply 50TWh magnitude.
China has abundant marine energy resources, energy by ocean current resource very dense wherein, and by various observations and analysis of data to 130 water channels of coastal area of china, boat door, the annual mean Power Theory value that counting statistics obtains the coastal area of china energy by ocean current is about 1.4X10
7KW.Wherein the coastal energy by ocean current in Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian and Taiwan is than horn of plenty, and the energy density of many water channels is 15-30kW/m
2, have the excellent development value.It is worthy of note that the energy by ocean current of China belongs to one of area of specific power maximum in the world, the particularly Jin Tang of the Zhoushan Islands in Zhejiang, Guishan Mountain and west and waits a door water channel, average power density is at 20kW/m
2More than, development environment and condition are fine.
Therefore, the tidal current generator of Development of New Generation will play huge impetus to the renewable energy sources strategy of China.At present, China still is in the budding stage for the exploitation of trend energy, utilizes the generator of trend energy then not to be indicated in generation especially.And present power generating equipment mostly is thermal power generation, nuclear power generation, and the generating of this type of power has great threat to environment.This shows, be badly in need of providing a kind of new high-tech product that can utilize trend to generate electricity, expand the field of renewable energy sources, reduce dependence thermoelectricity, nuclear power in field of generating equipment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set, to solve that existing trend can be fully used and power generating equipment relies on environment is had the problem that the power source of serious threat generates electricity, satisfies the demand of various production occasions.
Goal of the invention of the present invention realizes by following technical proposals:
A kind of permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set comprises:
Blade system is included as three blades that electricity generating device provides kinetic energy, and described blade is made up of covering and inner supporting structure;
Power generation system comprises generator, annular permanent magnet;
Converter system, described converter system comprises current transformer, described current transformer is arranged on the bank, and
Support system, comprise supporting frame, housing, described housing is fixed in the support frame as described above upper end, described housing comprises former dome, back air guide sleeve and wheel hub, the cabin part that lays respectively at the housing two ends, described engine department is divided into more piece, described engine department branch comprises cabin I, cabin II, cabin III, cabin IV, cabin V
Wherein, described three blades connect with wheel hub, thereby described blade pass is crossed key and is driven described rotor shaft rotation with direct connection of the rotor shaft of described generator, described generator, annular permanent magnet are arranged in the described housing, and described housing outer surface, supporting frame outer surface have a corrosion-resistant coating through the zinc-plated processing of spraying.
Preferably, described three blades adopt the mode of welding to be connected with wheel hub.
Preferably, support frame as described above adopts truss structure.The basis of described truss type supporting frame is welded by the angle steel assembling.
Preferably, support frame as described above is fixed on the seabed by gravity type or pile foundation type.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared to gear-box speed changing type power generating equipment, permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set of the present invention more can adapt to Chinese marine site lower trend water speed usually, energy transformation ratio height, the power benefit height, long service life is keeped in repair easyly, and the follow-up maintenance cost is low; Permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set of the present invention utilizes the trend energy, and with respect to thermal power generation, nuclear power generation, safer, more environmental protection belongs to real green low-carbon clean energy resource; Permanent magnet direct-drive formula motor directly links to each other with main shaft, and rotating speed is low, and progression is many, and the stator and rotor size is big, has the big characteristics of rotary inertia, helps stabilizing the potential fluctuation that flow velocity rises and falls and causes.Permanent magnet direct-drive formula generator possesses than strong capacitive compensation, low voltage ride-through capability, and is little to the electrical network impact, and electrical network is compatible strong.Because strength of current is generally lower, compared to the power generation system of other types, permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set more can adapt to low flow velocity, the energy conversion efficiency height, the power benefit height, keep in repair easy, the follow-up maintenance cost is low, will be China's tidal current generator future development trend; According to the characteristics that trend 180 degree change, blade system saves expensive complicated driftage and pitch-controlled system, has reduced manufacture cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side-looking structural representation of permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the main TV structure schematic representation of permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an A-A sectional drawing among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the generating flow chart of permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1, blade; 2, supporting frame; 3, former dome; 4, wheel hub; 5, cabin I; 6, cabin II; 7, cabin III; 8, cabin IV; 9, cabin V; 10, back air guide sleeve; 11, arrestment mechanism; 12, annular permanent magnet; 13, generator; 14, rotor shaft; 15, key.
Embodiment
Following with reference to accompanying drawing 1-2, the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with concrete mode of execution.
Permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set of the present invention comprises:
Blade system is included as three blades 1 that electricity generating device provides kinetic energy, and described blade 1 is made up of covering and inner supporting structure;
Power generation system comprises generator 13, annular permanent magnet 12;
Converter system, described converter system comprises current transformer, described current transformer is arranged on the bank, and
Support system, comprise supporting frame 2, housing, described housing is fixed in support frame as described above 2 upper ends, described housing comprises former dome 3, back air guide sleeve 10 and wheel hub 4, the cabin part that lays respectively at the housing two ends, described engine department is divided into the non-integral of more piece, described engine department branch comprises cabin I5, cabin II6, cabin III7, cabin IV8, cabin V9
Wherein, described three blades 1 connect with wheel hub 4, thereby described blade 1 directly connects with the rotor shaft 14 of described generator 13 by key 15 and drives described rotor shaft 14 and rotate, and described generator 13, annular permanent magnet 12 are arranged in the described housing.
Preferably, described three blades 1 adopt the mode of welding to be connected with wheel hub 4.
Preferably, support frame as described above 2 adopts truss structure.The basis of described truss type supporting frame 2 is welded by the angle steel assembling.
Preferably, support frame as described above 2 is fixed on the seabed by gravity type or pile foundation type.
Described blade system is a most important core link for tidal current generator.Blade 1 prolongs marine Mean time to failure and life of product and has decisive role for improving the tidal generating set energy conversion efficiency.When design blade 1 carries out the fluid mechanics simulation, can fully calculate blade tip and leaf with loss.One of most important purpose of tidal generating set design is optimized blade system, makes it to absorb more energy as far as possible from trend and is converted into electric energy.During blade 1 design, will in following multinomial technical order, reach balance:
A. generated energy maximum under a certain flow velocity, higher blade tip ratio
B. anti-extreme loads and fatigue load
C. avoid resonance
D. quality minimum, cost is minimum
E. anti-sea water intrusion
The design process of blade 1 will be divided into two parts: the structural design that fluid dynamic design that geometrical shape is selected and material are selected.Fluid dynamic design specifically comprises selection, chord length, the torsion angle of blade 1 aerofoil profile, the optimized design of blade 1 thickness aspect, and the main purpose of design is to make the drag losses minimum.The blade installation of considering tidal current generator under water, the density of water is more much bigger than air, so blade 1 load emphasis considers torsional load, also should suitably increase vane thickness.The blade 1 of design can be adjusted automatically according to the direction of trend, can rotate when taking place at forward, reversal tidal current.Because blade 1 need also can reverse rotation generate electricity when trend is reverse, the design of blade 1 will tend to symmetry properties.Blade system has saved the driftage and the pitch-controlled system of wind-powered electricity generation field control blade according to the characteristics that trend 180 degree back and forth change, and has saved the cost of device, has simplified the structure of blade system.How much mechanism parameters of blade 1 need draw optimized design result according to after finite element analysis and computational fluid mechanics calculating and the contrast of laboratory leaf model tank.
Empty G﹠W is all fluid, though all satisfy flow equation, quite big difference is still arranged, density for example.The density of water will be far longer than air, and on average, density of sea water is 832 times of air, and this has just proposed different designing requirements to tidal generating set.For blade, wind-powered electricity generation machine Blade Design is mainly considered centrifugal force load; The tidal current generator blade considers mainly that then the fine and close seawater of opposing causes the load of bending.This blade that just means tidal generating set is for fear of fractureing, and is shorter and thick than wind-powered electricity generation machine blade.The structure of blade and material are also wanted corresponding reinforcement.Trend motor blade material needs lighter quality, and higher intensity also needs better to resist the erosion of seawater, and New-type composite fibre can reach above-mentioned material requirements.And blade technique manufacturing method and seemingly fan-type is taked the method for pouring into.
The cabin part is not the integrated design that is similar to blower fan, but be divided into more piece, its reason is that the density of water will be far longer than air (832 times), and current are bigger to the active force and the moment of tidal power generating system, and this has just proposed different designing requirements to tidal generating set.When current form load to blade, also the cabin is applied bigger moment.For trimming moment and adjustment cabin center of gravity, the cabin is suitable for sectionalized design casting.In addition, installing/dismounting is convenient in the cabin of sectionalized in maintenance process.Through the cabin of mechanical structure design, every joint weight length is all inequality, the huge moment that like this can balance water impact blade 1 causes, and system just can stablize like this.The permanent magnet generator of system's employing also has certain requirement to stability in addition.We become to be divided into more piece to cabin design, and wherein permanent magnet generator just is fixed therein on the joint, and are stable more than being fixed in the incorporate cabin.
The power generation system of tidal generating set of the present invention adopts permanent magnet generator.The permanent magnet direct-drive power generation system has been saved gear-box, has significantly reduced loss, has improved the reliability of energy conversion efficiency and generator set, has reduced the maintenance of equipment, prolongs the working life of product.After the directly driving type electricity generating device removed gear-box, noise was lower, and generating efficiency on average improves 5-10%.The permanent magnet direct-drive blower fan generates electricity by electromagnetic induction principle, and output power is big under the specified slow-speed of revolution, efficient is higher, power benefit is more.Aspect electronic control, the permanent magnetism direct drive wind machine technology belongs to advanced technology, electronic degree height, and the full power inversion, room for improvement is bigger, has dilatation to the potentiality more than 1 megawatt.
Marine large fan is because rotating speed is lower, so permanent magnet direct-drive formula technology is exactly optimal selection, what world ocean type blower fan 80% adopted at present all is this technology.And the rotating speed of same tidal generating set impeller is generally lower, and about per minute tens changes even tens commentaries on classics, therefore also suits to adopt the design of permanent magnet direct-drive formula.Permanent magnet direct-drive formula motor directly links to each other with main shaft, and rotating speed is low, and progression is many, and the stator and rotor size is big, has the big characteristics of rotary inertia, helps stabilizing the potential fluctuation that flow velocity rises and falls and causes.Permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set possesses than strong capacitive compensation, low voltage ride-through capability, and is little to the electrical network impact, and electrical network is compatible strong.Because strength of current generally lower (1-2m/s), power generation system compared to other types, permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal power generating system more can adapt to low flow velocity, system capacity transformation efficiency height, power benefit is many, simple in structure, keep in repair easy, energy consumption is less, the follow-up maintenance cost is low, will be China's tidal current generator future development trend.In addition, the permanent magnetism direct drive wind machine technology still belongs to first in the China that is applied in of tidal generating set, and this will be significant for the exploitation of China's trend energy.
The current transformer of described tidal generating set is the indispensable power conversion link of generator set, is one of core component of generator set.Because the size of trend has certain variation, causes the tidal current generator rotating speed sometimes fast and sometimes slow, voltage magnitude that sends and frequency are also disorderly and unsystematic.The main effect of tidal power generating current transformer is exactly that the electric voltage frequency of wind-driven generator, the unsteady indefinite electric energy of amplitude are converted to frequency, amplitude stability, meets the electric energy of electrical network requirement.Described tidal generating set is owing to be in the abominable under water physical environment, inconvenient maintenance and cost costliness, and therefore simplifying submerged structure is one of key of system design.Native system adopts magneto to replace the gear-box that breaks down easily to add group of motors and close, transformation device design that simultaneously will be main on the coast, this just reduces the demand of maintenance under water greatly, has reduced the maintenance operation cost of equipment on long terms.
Described support system comprises supporting frame 2 and housing, pedestal.Support frame as described above 2 adopts truss structure, optimizes topology how much.The advantage of truss type is to save material, and can not influence the stability and the transportation problem of supporting frame itself.The truss type basis will be welded by the angle steel assembling, and production process is carried out quality control in strict accordance with national offshore set-up relevant criterion.
The mode that tidal current generator is fixed on the seabed is one of tidal power generating key technology, usually by gravity type, and pile foundation type, floating type three kinds.In that the water flows gently and the smooth area of physical features, can consider to utilize the fixing gravity type of unit deadweight; In the comparatively complicated zone of landform, can be with reference to the pile foundation fixation method of offshore wind farm unit; Similar the floating type of secure of taking turns then can be considered in the marine site that the depth of water is bigger.
Though underwater environment does not have destructive phenomenons such as hurricane in the ocean, but stack up many than atmosphere environment condition complexity.How to prolong the working life of tidal generating set, support equipment is normally transported dress, will be a huge challenge of tidal current generator development.The big existence problem that underwater units meets with is corrosion.Seawater is to have certain corrosive salt solution, and any metal parts that is immersed in the seawater is all needed in various degree preservative treatment.Any metalwork housing outer surface, supporting frame 2 outer surfaces as described that are exposed in the water all will be through the zinc-plated processing of spraying, thereby makes outer surface form the protective layer with corrosion-resisting function.This product employing pedestal and the used iron plate model of supporting frame thickness intensity are all higher than land, and process treating such as welding are in strict accordance with the standard of the relevant oceanographic equipment of country.But according to the experience of European wind energy on the sea and ocean platform, underwater air content is lower, and oxidation is slow, so the water surface is with the anticorrosion rank of bottom, be well below being exposed to the part that fully contacts with atmospheric vapour waterborne.Encapsulation process need be done in the cabin of tidal generating set, and the rotor shaft that wheel hub is connected with the cabin partly adopts ripe watertight bearings technology.
Halobiontic adhering to also is to influence the negative factor of tidal generating set under water.Sea grass, algae and shellfish etc. may increase the load of blade attached on the blade, reduces the power output of tidal current generator.But according to the experience of experimental research and the existing tidal current generator that moves, when tidal current generator ran well, blade can get rid of sea grass, and stoped them to continue to grow up in attaching organism growth getting up early.In addition, because trend motor speed very low (per second tens changes) is very little to marine fishes and benthic environmetal impact.
Certainly should recognize, though carried out the description of front by example of the present invention, to the present invention make will to those skilled in the art conspicuous like this and other improvement and changing should think and fall in the broad range of the present invention as this paper proposition.Therefore, although the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment be described,, its meaning is not that the equipment of tool novelty is restricted therefrom, on the contrary, it is intended to comprise various improvement and equivalent modifications within the broad range that meets above-mentioned open part, claim.
Claims (5)
1. permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set comprises:
Blade system is included as three blades that electricity generating device provides kinetic energy, and described blade is made up of covering and inner supporting structure;
Power generation system comprises generator, annular permanent magnet;
Converter system, described converter system comprises current transformer, described current transformer is arranged on the bank, and
Support system, comprise supporting frame, housing, described housing is fixed in the support frame as described above upper end, described housing comprises former dome, back air guide sleeve and wheel hub, the cabin part that lays respectively at the housing two ends, described engine department is divided into more piece, described engine department branch comprises cabin I, cabin II, cabin III, cabin IV, cabin V
Wherein, described three blades connect with wheel hub, thereby described blade pass is crossed key and is driven described rotor shaft rotation with direct connection of the rotor shaft of described generator, described generator, annular permanent magnet are arranged in the described housing, and described housing outer surface, supporting frame outer surface have a corrosion-resistant coating through the zinc-plated processing of spraying.
2. the permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set described in claim 1 is characterized in that: described three blades adopt the mode of welding to be connected with wheel hub.
3. the permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: support frame as described above is fixed on the seabed by gravity type or pile foundation type.
4. as arbitrary described permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: support frame as described above adopts truss structure.
5. the permanent magnet direct-drive formula tidal generating set described in claim 4 is characterized in that: the basis of described truss type supporting frame is welded by the angle steel assembling.
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| CN201110069417XA CN102128128A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Permanent magnet direct drive type tidal current power generation device |
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| CN201110069417XA CN102128128A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Permanent magnet direct drive type tidal current power generation device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102588594A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Double-layer sealing and automatic dewatering sealing device for underwater rotating machinery |
| CN102644541A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct drive type electricity generating device using ocean energy |
| CN102889162A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-23 | 刘华栋 | Permanent magnet semi-direct-drive type tidal power generation device |
| CN103256170A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Floating-barrel type tidal current energy generating device |
| CN104141585A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-11-12 | 杭州江河水电科技有限公司 | Open type deep sea direct-driven tide generator |
| CN107605652A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-19 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | A kind of marine power generation unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102889162A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-23 | 刘华栋 | Permanent magnet semi-direct-drive type tidal power generation device |
| CN102588594A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Double-layer sealing and automatic dewatering sealing device for underwater rotating machinery |
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| CN102644541A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct drive type electricity generating device using ocean energy |
| CN103256170A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Floating-barrel type tidal current energy generating device |
| CN103256170B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-07-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Floating-barrel type tidal current energy generating device |
| CN104141585A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-11-12 | 杭州江河水电科技有限公司 | Open type deep sea direct-driven tide generator |
| CN107605652A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-19 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | A kind of marine power generation unit |
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Application publication date: 20110720 |