A kind of pneumatic equipment blades made
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pneumatic equipment blades made, belong to wind power generation field.
Background technique
Renewable energy sources is the optimal path that solves energy crisis, and wind-power electricity generation is the industry that development is the rapidest in the renewable energy sources industry, technology is the most ripe, prospect is the most wide.China is vast in territory, and wind energy resources is very abundant, and along with continuous progress in science and technology, the Economy of wind-power electricity generation is constantly improved, in addition China the important component part of renewable energy sources as China's energy strategy, wind-power electricity generation has enormous and latent market.
The height of pneumatic equipment blades made pneumatic efficiency has determined the quality of a wind energy conversion system on market, so the design of pneumatic equipment blades made aerodynamic configuration is the key of wind energy conversion system design.Now the large scale wind power machine root of blade of the market mainstream substantially all is a cylindrical body, and root of blade is to radially about 1/5 to locate all be the approximate circle cylinder, and the wind energy in wind wheel inside all is not utilized like this, and cylindrical body also can exert an influence to whole wake flow flow field.All do not pay attention to this problem in the industry at present, think that the root of blade linear velocity is smaller, and the arm of force is also smaller, exerting oneself does not have too big influence.Therefore many people are confined to the middle part and the tip of blade to the optimization of blade, do not remove to consider the root of blade.Utilizing the pneumatic equipment blades made aerodynamic configuration to optimize classical theory is that the result of Glauert theoretical optimization has bigger chord length blade root, but be in structure with consideration on wheel hub is connected, actual blade root adopts cylindrical structure, chord length is much smaller than the optimization result.
It is to improve the blade aeroperformance by flow control means that many patents are arranged, as adds wing flap, preceding marginal zone rotating cylindrical body, jet control etc.For present existing pneumatic equipment blades made, the aerodynamic configuration of blade root can be optimized the leeway that can transform in addition, and can great role be arranged, but the at present domestic correlation technique report that yet there are no specially at the raising blade aeroperformance of blade root design to improving the wind wheel aeroperformance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wind energy that can make full use of wind wheel inside, improve Wind Power Utilization efficient, increase wind energy conversion system generated energy pneumatic equipment blades made.
A kind of pneumatic equipment blades made is made of blade front portion and blade rear portion, and the blade front portion is tip segment to blade maximum chord length cross section, and the blade rear portion is blade maximum chord length cross section to leaf root part; It is characterized in that: above-mentioned blade rear portion is made up of with the Pneumatic component that is used for capturing wind energy the interior structure member that is used for the blade root installation and bears blade loading that comprises successively outward; It between said structure parts and the Pneumatic component cavity; The profile of above-mentioned Pneumatic component begins to transit to the pneumatic aerofoil profile of blade root place by blade largest chord strong point, and concrete interim form obtains by anterior each cross section aerofoil profile of blade and the pneumatic aerofoil profile setting-out of blade root.
It is that the Glauert theory obtains that the profile of above-mentioned blade front portion is optimized classical theory according to the pneumatic equipment blades made aerodynamic configuration, can catch wind energy substantially.The structural component design criterion at blade rear portion is to be designed to the master with blade structure, and the Pneumatic component design criterion is based on the blade pneumatic design.Such design can be brought into play the wind energy capturing ability of blade root, can take into account the powerful bearing capacity of blade root again.
A kind of pneumatic equipment blades made is characterized in that: the pneumatic aerofoil profile chord length of the blade root of above-mentioned Pneumatic component is greater than the leaf and root structure chord length of structure member, simultaneously less than the blade maximum chord length; The profile of the pneumatic aerofoil profile of blade root is determined by following mode: pneumatic aerofoil profile profile is by forming with tangent 5 tangent arcs of structure aerofoil profile profile, and these 5 circular arcs are defined as under circular arc on the leading edge, leading edge circular arc, the leading edge under circular arc, the trailing edge circular arc on circular arc, the trailing edge successively; Wherein circular arc and structural type cylindrical inscribe on the leading edge, circular arc and structural type cylindrical inscribe under the leading edge, circular arc inscribe all under circular arc and the leading edge on leading edge circular arc and the leading edge, the center of circle of circular arc is on crossing the structural type center of circle and becoming 60 ° straight line with the neutral line on the trailing edge, with structural type cylindrical inscribe, the center of circle of circular arc is on crossing the structural type center of circle and becoming-45 ° straight line with the neutral line under the trailing edge, and is circumscribed with the structural type cylindrical; The above-mentioned neutral line referred to the structural type circle, and perpendicular to the circle center line connecting of circular arc under circular arc on the leading edge and the leading edge; Circular arc dovetail place formation trailing edge thickness on circular arc and the trailing edge under the above-mentioned trailing edge, trailing edge thickness is 0.5%~1% of structural type diameter; The relative thickness of the pneumatic aerofoil profile of above-mentioned blade root is less than 100%.
The shape of the pneumatic aerofoil profile of blade root and general thick wing type are similar, and the nonsymmetry of upper and lower surface shape produces camber, improve aeroperformance.The tangent connection of 5 arcuate surface has guaranteed the continuity of surface configuration radius of curvature, and the trailing edge home position of circular arc up and down can change, and above-mentioned position will guarantee that as with reference to value aerofoil profile has camber.Relative thickness is decided according to actual wind field situation, and the pneumatic relative thickness of airfoil of wind field blade root that annual mean wind speed is bigger is big, otherwise then relative thickness is little.Trailing edge thickness is that blade top and bottom trailing edge will inevitably produce thickness when bonding by the decision of the technology of actual production, and the aerofoil profile of thick trailing edge can be good than the airfoil performance of fine stern edge.General blade root all is circular, and blade rear portion major part is a cylinder, and during the wind wheel rotation, wind energy can not be caught in the blade rear portion, and at blade wake district output vortex street, destroys the flow field.Adopt the Pneumatic component of the pneumatic aerofoil profile of blade root can catch wind energy, power coefficient is provided, can improve the flow field again.
Said structure parts and blade front portion can be an integral body; Pneumatic component is fixedlyed connected with structure member and blade front portion in blade largest chord strong point then.Like this simple in structure, and be easy to realize.The integrity of structure member and blade front portion has guaranteed the continuous of blade power transmission, satisfies structural design criterion.Pneumatic component affixes on the structure member after profile is determined to make separately and blade front portion and jointing place, rear portion (being the largest chord strong point).
The leaf and root structure aerofoil profile of said structure parts can be radius and the consistent circle of blade root flange radius.This combination is convenient to install.
Application area of the present invention is wider.Can be when Blade Design blade anterior take all factors into consideration with the rear portion design, also can be on the basis of existing cylinder blade root type blade, design the Pneumatic component at blade rear portion separately, then Pneumatic component is affixed on the existing blade, be that the present invention can transform existing blade, improve the aeroperformance of blade.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention blade root aerofoil profile schematic representation;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention front view;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the invention front elevation;
Fig. 4 utilizes the embodiments of the invention blade and the power coefficient of general blade to compare;
Fig. 5 utilizes the embodiments of the invention blade and the thrust coefficient of general blade to compare.
Embodiment
Fig. 1~Fig. 5 is the shape and the performance of one embodiment of the invention blade.This length of blade is 41 meters, rated power 1500kW, and blade maximum chord length position is apart from 7.5 meters of blade roots, and the blade root flange diameter is 1.89 meters.
With reference to Fig. 1, be this embodiment's blade root aerofoil profile, the blade root aerofoil profile is made up of structural type 1 and air-driven type 2.Structural type 1 is that radius is the circle of R, and R determines that by the radius of blade root adpting flange structural type 1 is connected by bolt with flange.Air-driven type 2 is made up of the part profile of structural type 1,5 tangent arcs and trailing edge thickness face 8, and 5 tangent arcs are respectively leading edge upper surface 3, leading edge 4, leading edge lower surface 5, trailing edge upper surface 6 and trailing edge lower surface 7.The circular arc center of circle of leading edge upper surface 3 is the 2/5R place under structural type 1 center of circle, and radius of arc is 7/5R, with structural type 1 cylindrical inscribe.The circular arc center of circle of leading edge lower surface 5 is the 1/2R place directly over structural type 1 center of circle, and radius of arc is 3/2R, with structural type 1 cylindrical inscribe.Leading edge 4 circular arcs and leading edge upper surface 3 circular arcs and leading edge lower surface 5 circular arcs are inscribe all, and radius is 1/2R.The center of circle of trailing edge upper surface 6 circular arcs is on crossing structural type 1 center of circle and becoming 60 ° straight line with the neutral line, and radius is 4R, with structural type 1 cylindrical inscribe.The center of circle of trailing edge lower surface 7 circular arcs is on crossing structural type 1 center of circle and becoming-45 ° straight line with the neutral line, and radius is 2R, and is circumscribed with structural type 1 cylindrical.Trailing edge thickness face 8 is vertical, and thickness is 0.5%~1% of structural type 1 diameter.This embodiment blade root aerofoil profile air-driven type chord length is 2.83 meters, and relative thickness is 66.7%.
With reference to Fig. 2, be the front view of this embodiment's blade.Part in the middle of blade root and the blade maximum chord length cross section is divided into structure member 9 and Pneumatic component 10.Structure member 9 is a cylindrical section at preceding 0.5 meter (blade root is 11 places to the cross section), is used for imbedding bolt, and cross section 11 sectional shape backward is by circular and cross section 12(blade largest chord strong point) each cross section aerofoil profile setting-out backward obtains.Pneumatic component 10 is to obtain by blade root air-driven type and cross section 12 each cross section aerofoil profile setting-out backward.The leaf and root structure type partly is the main bearing part of blade, in leaf and root structure type part and the leaf and blade tip be one, do as a whole manufacturing and obtain.The blade root air-driven type partly is to make separately according to the profile that has designed, and then it is pasted on the structure member and 12 places, cross section.
With reference to Fig. 3, be the front elevation (from blade root toward blade tip) of this embodiment's blade, largest chord strong point (12) is at 7.5 meters of distance blade root.Form a cavity in the middle of air-driven type and the structural type.
With reference to Fig. 4, for utilizing the comparison of the present invention embodiment's blade that designs and the general blade power coefficient that does not utilize the present invention to design.As seen, utilize the power coefficient of the blade that the present invention designs to improve greatly.Particularly when big tip speed ratio (low wind speed), power coefficient has more significantly to be increased, this just frequently corresponding to the high wind of the whole year, so annual electricity generating capacity also can obviously increase.
With reference to Fig. 5, for utilizing the comparison of the present invention embodiment's blade that designs and the general blade thrust coefficient that does not utilize the present invention to design, blade is identical with above-mentioned blade.After the wind power utilization coefficient improved, thrust coefficient did not but increase, and thrust coefficient slightly reduces when big tip speed ratio (low wind speed).