CN101871844A - Performance analysis and fault simulation experiment system of wind machine - Google Patents

Performance analysis and fault simulation experiment system of wind machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101871844A
CN101871844A CN 201010206808 CN201010206808A CN101871844A CN 101871844 A CN101871844 A CN 101871844A CN 201010206808 CN201010206808 CN 201010206808 CN 201010206808 A CN201010206808 A CN 201010206808A CN 101871844 A CN101871844 A CN 101871844A
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wind
submodule
analysis
data
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CN101871844B (en
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蒋东翔
洪良友
黄乾
朱仁胜
赵明浩
李少华
陈杰
刘超
安学利
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a performance analysis and fault simulation experiment system of a wind machine, belonging to the technical field of wind machine experiment devices. The system comprises a wind tunnel, a wind machine experiment device and a data analysis and processing system, wherein the wind machine experiment device comprises a rack, a wind wheel, a spindle, a generator, a controller and a sensor of torques, wind speed, speed and displacement. The system can be used for researching the influences of different airfoil profiles, wind speeds, wind wheel faults and mechanical faults on the aerodynamic performance of the wind machine, the vibration characteristics and the output force of a shaft system, and the like, and various faults such as unbalanced wind wheel mass, unbalanced pneumatic power, yawing, no shaft system centering, supporting seat loosening, bearing damages, and the like of the wind machine are simulated and analyzed in real time. Through selecting and assembling different types of bearings such as a self-aligning roller bearing, a cylinder roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, and the like, the performances of the wind machine in different supporting forms can be compared. The system has good openness, dismantlability and expansibility and is mainly suitable for the fields of scientific researches and teaching of the wind machine.

Description

Wind mill performance is analyzed and fault simulation experiment system
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind energy conversion system experimental provision field, belong to the experimental facilities technical field of wind mill performance analysis and malfunction test research specifically.
Background technology
Wind energy is as a kind of clean energy resource, and reserves are huge in the world for it, has renewable, wide, the free of contamination characteristic that distributes, and makes wind power generation become the important directions of world's regenerative resource development.China's wind-powered electricity generation industry development in recent years is rapid, for guaranteeing the safe and reliable stable operation of wind power generating set, efficiently utilizes wind resource, and it is very necessary carrying out wind power generating set performance evaluation and fault diagnosis research.Therefore, domestic and international many scientific research institutions are furtheing investigate at the aspects such as exploitation of mechanism, diagnostic method and the condition monitoring and failure diagnosis system of wind power generating set fault.
In to wind power generating set runnability, failure mechanism and diagnostic method theoretical analysis, need be to the theoretical analysis result checking that experimentizes.And do not have complete wind mill performance analysis and malfunction test system to be used to research and analyse work as yet at present, most wind-power electricity generation experiment porchs mainly adopt motor to drive the aerogenerator rotation by transmission shaft, or the mode that adopts wind wheel to connect with generator, this connected mode does not have bearing, can not obtain bearing vibration signal and spindle vibration signal), these experimental provisions can not reflect the Large-scale Wind Turbines actual conditions well, greatly limit the research of wind energy conversion system runnability and fault characteristic, restricted the optimal design of wind power generating set thus, axle is the further investigation of dynamics and Troubleshooting Theory.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wind mill performance analysis and complete experimental system of malfunction test research of being used for.
Technical matters solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of wind mill performance analysis and malfunction test system is characterized in that, this system comprises wind-tunnel, wind energy conversion system experimental provision and data analysis and disposal system; Described wind energy conversion system experimental provision comprises stand, wind wheel, main shaft, torque sensor, generator, controller, accumulator, inverter, load, air velocity transducer, the speed probe that is used to measure the speed of mainshaft, the displacement transducer that is used to measure main shaft horizontal direction and vertical direction displacement, the acceleration transducer that is used to measure bear vibration, demonstration and modular converter, data acquisition unit and contains the computing machine of analyzing with process software programs; Described wind wheel, torque sensor, generator coaxle are arranged; Wind wheel is connected with torque sensor by main shaft, and main shaft is by bearings; Described generator and torque sensor are placed on the described stand; Described speed probe, air velocity transducer, torque sensor, generator and controller are connected with modular converter with demonstration by signal wire respectively; Described displacement transducer links to each other with data acquisition unit with block isolating circuit by fore-lying device successively; Described acceleration transducer links to each other with data acquisition unit with anti alias filter by signal conditioner successively; Described demonstration and modular converter are exported 0~5V voltage signal and digital signal respectively, and wherein voltage signal links to each other with data acquisition unit by the BNC wiring, and digital signal links to each other with computing machine by the RS232 interface; Data acquisition unit is connected with computing machine by the usb data line; Described data analysis and process software programs comprise the operation setting module, state monitoring module and data analysis module, described operation setting module comprise that data acquisition submodule, data storage submodule, data call submodule, data-switching submodule and configuration are provided with submodule; Described state monitoring module comprises observation interface submodule, waveform display sub-module, parameter list submodule; Described data analysis module comprises spectrum analysis submodule, analysis of orbit submodule, trend analysis submodule and waterfall map analysis submodule.
Wind-tunnel of the present invention comprises air intake opening, power section, diffuser, rectification section and test section; Wherein rectification section comprises honeycomb, turbulent net; Power section comprises AC blower fan, frequency converter.Wind-tunnel is realized the step-less adjustment of wind speed by frequency converter; Described rectification section adopts segmentation removable; Described test section adopts open type.Described rectification section adopts segmentation detachable; Described test section adopts open type.
Stand of the present invention adopts removable frame, and length is 1.2 meters, and width is 0.52 meter, highly is 0.7~0.8 meter; Rotor diameter is 1.2~1.5 meters; Described wind wheel and bearing adopt dismountable type.
Bearing of the present invention adopts self-aligning roller bearing, cylinder roller bearing or taper roll bearing; Described generator adopts the low-speed permanent-magnet generator.
Displacement transducer of the present invention adopts eddy current displacement sensor; Described acceleration transducer adopts piezoelectric acceleration transducer; Described torque sensor adopts non-contact torque sensor.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and the high-lighting effect:
1. the present invention provides wind regime by wind-tunnel, can simulate the random fluctuation and the instability of actual wind energy itself better, under the research wind speed instability condition, and non-linear, nonstationary vibration Signal Processing method that wind energy conversion system produces; Simultaneously, research wind energy conversion system power-balance jointly controls strategy, to eliminate the undulatory property of wind-power electricity generation power.
2. the wind energy conversion system experimental provision adopts the connected mode identical with actual wind energy conversion system, can simulate the operation conditions of true wind power generating set exactly.
3. the present invention has good opening, extendability and disassembled property, can select the wind wheel of different size, different airfoil profiles for use, can assemble self-aligning roller bearing, cylinder roller bearing or taper roll bearing and come supports main shaft, with the more multi-form performance of wind energy conversion system down.
4. the present invention can simulate that wind mill wind wheel mass unbalance, pneumatic imbalance, driftage, axle system misalign, bearing is loosening and various faults state such as damage of bearings, and carries out real-time analysis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 analyzes and malfunction test entire system structural representation for wind mill performance of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of wind-tunnel of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of wind energy conversion system experimental provision of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the hardware block diagram of data acquisition system (DAS) of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is data analysis of the present invention and Processing System Software block diagram.
Among the figure: the 1-wind-tunnel; 2-wind energy conversion system experimental provision; 3-shows and modular converter; The 4-computing machine; The 5-air velocity transducer; The 6-air intake opening; The 7-power section; The 8-diffuser; The 9-rectification section; The 10-test section; The 11-wind wheel; The 12-main shaft; The 13-clutch shaft bearing; 14-second bearing; The 15-torque sensor; The 16-generator; 17-first shaft coupling; 18-second shaft coupling; The 19-stand; The 20-speed probe; 21-first acceleration transducer; 22-first displacement transducer; 23-second displacement transducer; 24-second acceleration transducer, the 25-controller; The 26-accumulator; The 27-inverter; The 28-load.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structure, principle of work and the course of work of wind mill performance analysis of the present invention and malfunction test system are done detailed explanation.
Wind mill performance of the present invention is analyzed with the malfunction test system and mainly is made up of wind-tunnel, wind energy conversion system experimental provision and data analysis and disposal system; Wherein wind-tunnel produces different wind speed and blows to the wind energy conversion system experimental provision; The wind wheel of wind energy conversion system experimental provision rotates under the driving of wind, drives generator and rotates, and produces various performance parameters and vibration parameters; Data analysis and disposal system are gathered the performance parameter and the vibration parameters of wind energy conversion system experimental provision, the various parameters that demonstration, analyzing and processing, storage are obtained, and can realize the conversion etc. of the reading of historical data, data layout.The one-piece construction of system as shown in Figure 1.
The formation of each several part below is described respectively:
One, wind-tunnel: the structure of wind-tunnel as shown in Figure 2, it is a kind of open circuit open type test air tunnel device, comprise air intake opening 6, power section 7, diffuser 8, rectification section 9, test section 10, connect by flange between each section, be separated with encapsulant between the described flange, air intake opening 6 band hydraucone and air inlet protection networks are equipped with honeycomb, turbulent net in the rectification section 9.Power section 7 is equipped with the frequency-changing AC blower fan, saves traditional wind-tunnel power section design process.The feature of rectification section 9 is that flat segments is readily removable section, can select length flexibly according to breadboard space condition, finally the entire length of wind tunnel test device can be controlled between 3 ~ 5m, is suitable for laboratory examination research.When readily removable segment length is the 500mm left and right sides, can be used for simulating the asymmetric incoming flow operating mode of wind turbine.This wind tunnel test device has been equipped with air velocity transducer 5, can be used for various feature of wind machine normal, improper operating mode and studies.Also can install correlation test equipment such as hot-wire anemometer, laser displacement sensor, vibration signal sensor additional, research wind energy conversion system gas-solid coupled vibrations feature.
Two, wind energy conversion system experimental provision: Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of wind energy conversion system experimental provision of the present invention, and it comprises stand 19, wind wheel 11, main shaft 12, torque sensor 15, generator 16, controller 25, accumulator 26, inverter 27, load 28, air velocity transducer 5, speed probe 20, first displacement transducer 22, second displacement transducer 23, first acceleration transducer 21, second acceleration transducer 24, demonstration and modular converter 3, data acquisition unit and contains the computing machine of analyzing with process software programs 4; Described wind wheel 11 is installed on the main shaft 12; Adopt the main shaft support mode identical with large scale wind power machine, main shaft 12 is supported by the clutch shaft bearing 13 and second bearing 14; The clutch shaft bearing and the second bearing top arrange that respectively first acceleration transducer 21 and second acceleration transducer 24 are used to measure bearing vibration.On the main shaft between two bearings 12, arrange first displacement transducer 22 and second displacement transducer 23, be respectively applied for the displacement of measuring main shaft vertical direction and horizontal direction.Mounting torque sensor 15 between main shaft 12 and the generator 16, and realize and being connected of main shaft 12 and generator 16 by first shaft coupling 17 and second shaft coupling 18, torque sensor 15 links with main shaft 12 by first shaft coupling 17, torque sensor 15 links with generator 16 by second shaft coupling 18, and wind wheel, torque sensor, generator coaxle are arranged.For guaranteeing that clutch shaft bearing and second bearing, torque sensor 15 and generator 16 in same level height, add bearing respectively and are fixed on the stand 19 below them.Generator 16 output AC signals, after handling, via controller 25 becomes direct current, when being lower than its ratings, the voltage of accumulator 26 is recharged, when accumulator 26 voltages reach the output voltage values of controller 25 when above, direct current signal will directly enter inverter 27, supplies with AC load 28 with the 220V ac signal.Whole open being arranged on the stand 19 of the structure member of this wind energy conversion system experimental provision, it is little to take up room.Because the arrangement form of this experimental provision is identical with large scale wind power machine, has realized the measurement to moment of torsion under the main shaft duty, the perfect collection of required vibration parameters, and whole conveniently moving, the easy dismounting of parts, extensibility is strong.Use that this experimental provision can simulate that the pneumatic imbalance of wind energy conversion system, driftage, wind wheel mass unbalance, axle system misalign, bearing is loosening and various faults such as damage of bearings.Wind wheel and bearing adopt dismountable type, and for example wind wheel can be replaced with the wind wheel of different size, different airfoil profiles; Different types such as the replaceable one-tenth self-aligning roller bearing of bearing, cylinder roller bearing or taper roll bearing are with the more multi-form wind mill performance rule down of research.
Fig. 4 is the hardware block diagram of this experimental provision data acquisition system (DAS), and speed probe 20, air velocity transducer 5, torque sensor 15, generator 16 and controller 25 are connected with modular converter 3 with demonstration by signal wire respectively; Displacement transducer (comprising first displacement transducer 22, second displacement transducer 23) adopts the BNC wiring to link to each other with data acquisition unit by fore-lying device and block isolating circuit successively; Acceleration transducer (first acceleration transducer 21, second acceleration transducer 24) adopts the BNC wiring to link to each other with data acquisition unit by signal conditioner and anti alias filter; Show and modular converter 3 output 0 ~ 5V voltage signal and digital signals that wherein voltage signal links to each other with data acquisition unit by the BNC wiring, digital signal links to each other with computing machine 4 by the RS232 interface; The front panel of demonstration and modular converter is a Displaying Meter, and Displaying Meter shows the physical quantity that corresponding described sensor acquisition arrives.Data acquisition unit is connected with computing machine 4 by the usb data line.First displacement transducer 22, second displacement transducer 23 place wind wheel 11 and torque sensor 15 middle parts, measure main shaft 12 horizontal directions and vertical direction displacement respectively; First acceleration transducer 21, second acceleration transducer place clutch shaft bearing 13 and second bearing, 14 tops, measure bearing vibration signal.The hardware design of notebook data collection and analytic system has overcome deficiencies such as existing small wind turbine data acquisition system (DAS) form is lack of standardization, insufficiency, whole system adopts standard interface, simple in structure, formal Specification, multiple functional, and have good application extension.
Three, data analysis and disposal system: Fig. 5 is data analysis and Processing System Software flow chart, comprise the operation setting module, state monitoring module and data analysis module, wherein the operation setting module comprises that data acquisition submodule, data storage submodule, data call submodule, data-switching submodule and configuration are provided with submodule; State monitoring module comprises observation interface submodule, waveform display sub-module and parameter list submodule; Data analysis module comprises spectrum analysis submodule, analysis of orbit submodule, trend analysis submodule and waterfall map analysis submodule.Can realize functions such as data acquisition, demonstration, analyzing and processing, storage and historical data read, Data Format Transform.Native system deposits the data that collect and the configuration info of setting in the lump, so that correspondence reads in the process of reading.

Claims (7)

1. wind mill performance analysis and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that this system comprises wind-tunnel, wind energy conversion system experimental provision and data analysis and disposal system; Described wind energy conversion system experimental provision comprises stand (19), wind wheel (11), main shaft (12), torque sensor (15), generator (16), controller (25), accumulator (26), inverter (27), load (28), air velocity transducer (5), be used to measure the speed probe of the speed of mainshaft, be used to measure the displacement transducer of main shaft (12) horizontal direction and vertical direction displacement, be used to measure the acceleration transducer of bear vibration, show and modular converter (3), data acquisition unit and the computing machine that contains analysis and process software programs; Described wind wheel, torque sensor, generator coaxle are arranged; Wind wheel is connected with torque sensor by main shaft, and main shaft is by bearings; Described generator and torque sensor are placed on the described stand; Described speed probe, air velocity transducer, torque sensor, generator and controller are connected with modular converter (3) with demonstration by signal wire respectively; Described displacement transducer links to each other with data acquisition unit with block isolating circuit by fore-lying device successively; Described acceleration transducer links to each other with data acquisition unit with anti alias filter by signal conditioner successively; Described demonstration and modular converter (3) are exported 0 ~ 5V voltage signal and digital signal respectively, and wherein voltage signal links to each other with data acquisition unit by the BNC wiring, and digital signal links to each other with computing machine (4) by the RS232 interface; Data acquisition unit is connected with computing machine (4) by the usb data line; Described data analysis and process software programs comprise the operation setting module, state monitoring module and data analysis module, described operation setting module comprise that data acquisition submodule, data storage submodule, data call submodule, data-switching submodule and configuration are provided with submodule; Described state monitoring module comprises observation interface submodule, waveform display sub-module, parameter list submodule; Described data analysis module comprises spectrum analysis submodule, analysis of orbit submodule, trend analysis submodule and waterfall map analysis submodule.
2. wind mill performance analysis according to claim 1 and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that: this wind-tunnel comprises air intake opening (6), power section (7), diffuser (8), rectification section (9) and test section (10), connects by flange between each section; Honeycomb and turbulent net are housed in described rectification section; AC blower fan and frequency converter are housed in described power section; Described air intake opening has hydraucone and air inlet protection network.
3. wind mill performance analysis according to claim 2 and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that: described rectification section adopts segmentation detachable; Described test section adopts open type.
4. wind mill performance analysis according to claim 1 and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that: described wind wheel and bearing adopt dismountable type.
5. wind mill performance analysis according to claim 1 and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that: described stand adopts removable frame, and length is 1.2 meters, and width is 0.52 meter, highly is 0.7~0.8 meter; Rotor diameter is 1.2~1.5 meters.
6. wind mill performance analysis according to claim 1 and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that: described bearing adopts self-aligning roller bearing, cylinder roller bearing or taper roll bearing; Described generator adopts the low-speed permanent-magnet generator.
7. wind mill performance analysis according to claim 1 and fault simulation experiment system is characterized in that: described displacement transducer adopts eddy current displacement sensor; Described acceleration transducer adopts piezoelectric acceleration transducer; Described torque sensor adopts non-contact torque sensor.
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CN102062658A (en) * 2010-12-07 2011-05-18 山东昌润科技有限公司 Fan shaft output torque measurement device
CN102508055A (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-06-20 东北大学 Device and method for detecting wind power generation grid-connected system
CN102759449A (en) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-31 三峡大学 Fault diagnosis device for transmission system of wind turbine generator and simulation method
CN103259467A (en) * 2012-02-20 2013-08-21 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 Driving control system of high power wind generator unit
CN103852235A (en) * 2014-03-24 2014-06-11 西北工业大学 Continuous wind tunnel wing type dynamic characteristic testing mechanism
CN103852238A (en) * 2014-03-24 2014-06-11 西北工业大学 Wind tunnel test section aerofoil rapid mounting device
CN104599578A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-05-06 中国大唐集团新能源股份有限公司 Fan centering teaching device
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CN105277350A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-27 林蓉瑶 Fan performance monitoring experiment device
CN106224174A (en) * 2016-08-22 2016-12-14 内蒙古工业大学 Wind energy conversion system many field parameters synchronous monitoring system
CN108799013A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-13 内蒙古工业大学 A kind of device and its measurement method measuring wind energy conversion system Unsteady Flow
CN109655200A (en) * 2017-10-12 2019-04-19 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 A kind of unbalanced diagnostic method of wind-driven generator group wind-wheel and system
CN109737016A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-05-10 沈阳航空航天大学 A kind of mechanical efficiency measurement method of wind energy conversion system aerodynamic experiment device
CN109915329A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-06-21 哈尔滨理工大学 A kind of wind power generating set detection signal imitation processing system
CN110073419A (en) * 2017-01-28 2019-07-30 伦茨驱动有限公司 The electric drive unit of maintenance needs monitoring with intelligence
CN110849575A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-02-28 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 Wind turbine complete machine aerodynamic force measuring system and method
CN111173690A (en) * 2020-01-22 2020-05-19 上海电机学院 Offshore wind turbine fault detection device based on deep learning
CN111950200A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-17 哈电发电设备国家工程研究中心有限公司 Power generation equipment fault diagnosis method based on axle center track fusion
CN113670375A (en) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-19 江苏大学镇江流体工程装备技术研究院 Wind-force fire extinguisher test experiment platform

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CN101464213A (en) * 2008-12-11 2009-06-24 三一电气有限责任公司 Fan yawing test mechanism and fan set testing bench
CN101545953A (en) * 2009-04-24 2009-09-30 重庆大学 Minitype aerogenerator performance testing method and special testing platform thereof

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CN102508055A (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-06-20 东北大学 Device and method for detecting wind power generation grid-connected system
CN102508055B (en) * 2011-09-29 2014-05-14 东北大学 Device and method for detecting wind power generation grid-connected system
CN103259467A (en) * 2012-02-20 2013-08-21 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 Driving control system of high power wind generator unit
CN103259467B (en) * 2012-02-20 2015-09-16 华锐风电科技(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of driving control system of high-power wind-driven generator group
CN102759449A (en) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-31 三峡大学 Fault diagnosis device for transmission system of wind turbine generator and simulation method
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CN105004522B (en) * 2015-07-15 2017-10-27 上海电机学院 Blower fan shaft system fault diagnosis and condition monitoring system based on optical signal
CN105004522A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-10-28 上海电机学院 Blower fan shaft system fault diagnosing and state monitoring system based on optical signal
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CN105095963A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-11-25 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 Method for accurately diagnosing and predicting fault of wind tunnel equipment
CN105277350A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-27 林蓉瑶 Fan performance monitoring experiment device
CN106224174A (en) * 2016-08-22 2016-12-14 内蒙古工业大学 Wind energy conversion system many field parameters synchronous monitoring system
CN106224174B (en) * 2016-08-22 2018-08-24 内蒙古工业大学 The more field parameters synchronous monitoring systems of wind energy conversion system
CN110073419B (en) * 2017-01-28 2022-02-18 伦茨驱动有限公司 Electric drive unit with intelligent maintenance demand monitoring
CN110073419A (en) * 2017-01-28 2019-07-30 伦茨驱动有限公司 The electric drive unit of maintenance needs monitoring with intelligence
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CN109655200A (en) * 2017-10-12 2019-04-19 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 A kind of unbalanced diagnostic method of wind-driven generator group wind-wheel and system
CN108799013A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-13 内蒙古工业大学 A kind of device and its measurement method measuring wind energy conversion system Unsteady Flow
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