CN101454565A - 具有渐扩后缘的风轮机叶片 - Google Patents
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
- F03D1/0641—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades of the section profile of the blades, i.e. aerofoil profile
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0256—Stall control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05B2250/32—Arrangement of components according to their shape
- F05B2250/324—Arrangement of components according to their shape divergent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/70—Shape
- F05B2250/71—Shape curved
- F05B2250/712—Shape curved concave
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
具有空气动力学外形(5)的风轮机叶片,空气动力学外形具有前缘(11)、后缘(13)以及在前缘(11)与后缘(13)之间的吸力和压力侧(17、19),所述外形(5)包括在风轮机叶片的至少一部分横截面在后缘(13)方向增大的后缘区域TER。所述后缘区域TER优选在较低的部分具有凹曲表面的渐扩形状。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及经空气动力学优化的风轮机叶片,具体涉及具有渐扩后缘的风轮机叶片。
背景技术
在风轮机叶片中不使用具有高升/阻比形状的空气动力学外形,如分层外形,因为这样的外形对前缘的粗糙度敏感。
风轮机叶片的外形通常是前缘锋利,后缘适度地变钝,由于在一些情况下出现偏离,从后缘散发尾流。尾流涡流的间隔和涡度的强度、分布和方向,以及尾流开始的位置是阻力提高和升力降低的因素,但极不希望出现这二者。
尽管后缘装置对阻力有负面影响,但其用于提高升力仍众所周知。
这些装置其中之一是垂直于翼弦安装的Gueney襟翼,如图1所示。Gurney襟翼产生形成分离泡的两个涡流,导致升力增大。Gurney襟翼还推迟气流的分离,允许在较高的仰角下有良好的性能。但是Gurney襟翼也会导致额外的阻力。
EP 1314885公开了由锯齿形板材构成的后缘装置,其连接到叶片的后缘。
DE10021850公开了后缘延长体,其根据弹性形变呈现不同的几何形状。
这些装置中没有一个能令人满意地提高风轮机的效率,因此仍然需要具有空气动力学优化外形的风轮机叶片。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种风轮机叶片,其外形能提高前缘的粗糙敏感度,并因此降低负荷与空气动力学效率中的不确定度,提高叶片的功能可靠性。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种风轮机叶片,其外形能提高升力,从而允许风轮机叶片具有更好的空气动力学性能和/或减小风轮机叶片的翼弦长度以更易于运输。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种具有刚性几何外形的风轮机叶片,其不需要附加装置就可以提高升/阻比。
通过提供具有空气动力学外形的风轮机叶片实现本发明的这些和其他目标,空气动力学外形具有前缘、后缘以及在前缘与后缘之间的压力和吸力侧,所述外形包括在叶片的至少一部分横截面在后缘方向上增大的后缘区域。
在本发明的一方面,所述后缘区域主要由于其具有凹曲形的压力侧而具有渐扩形状(与收缩形状的标准外形相比)。
在本发明的另一方面,具有渐扩后缘区域的风轮机叶片的部分是外形较厚的部分,即具有高厚度/翼弦长度比的外形。
通过以下参考附图进行的详细说明可理解本发明的其他特征和优点。
附图说明
图1是具有Gurney襟翼的已知风轮机叶片的示意图。
图2是标准风轮机叶片外形的示意图。
图3是根据本发明的风轮机叶片外形的示意图。
图4是根据本发明的风轮机叶片外形的性能的示意图。
具体实施方式
图2表示已知的风轮机叶片的标准外形3,其具有前缘11、适度粗钝的后缘13以及具有吸力侧17与压力侧19的提升表面15。翼弦21是在前缘11与后缘13之间画出的假想线。
相对于标准外形3,图3表示根据本发明的风轮机叶片的外形5,其特别对靠近后缘13的压力侧和吸力侧的区域31、33(标准外形中的类似区域31’和33’包括在虚线中)作出以下修改:
-压力侧区域31具有凹几何形状
-吸力侧区域33的形状构成较厚的后缘13。
由于所述修改,外形5具有在后缘13的方向横截面增大的后缘区域TER。换句话说,靠近后缘的所述区域31、33相对于已知标准外形3的收缩形状具有渐扩的形状。
一方面(参见图4),导致形成渐扩构造的后缘区域TER的较厚后缘13在后缘区域TER之后引起低压的分离流区域,分离流区域首先提高阻力,但是低压区域形成朝向后缘的边界层吸力,边界层吸力使边界层稳定。这样导致了失速延迟,失速延迟增大最大升力,并减小运行在最大升力时的阻力。如果由于附着昆虫或任何类型的尘垢使前缘粗糙,效果更显著。缺点在于略微提高了低仰角时的阻力,这对于通常运行在较大仰角的风轮机叶片的内部部分影响不大。
另一方面,后缘区域TER的渐扩构造提高外形5的最大升力系数。在压力侧19的凹形区域31以与Gurney襟翼类似的方式向下偏转气流,促进循环,因此升力曲线向更大的负迎角移动,且升力更大,因为通过使用光滑的曲线形状避免在Gurney襟翼前面的分离泡,所以效率比Gurney襟翼更高。缺点是在低升力系数时阻力变大,但是阻力的增大小于Gurney襟翼的方式。而且,这样的效果对于通常运行在较大仰角的风轮机叶片的内部部分影响不大。
在另一优选实施例中,区域31、33的假想切线之间的角B在0~45度的范围内。在标准外形中,角B通常是负数,范围在-20~0度。
在另一优选实施例中,后缘的厚度Te在翼弦长度C的2%~20%的范围内。
在另一优选实施例中,后缘区域TER从对应于翼弦长度C的72%的翼弦位置的横截面23延伸到100%的翼弦位置,测量从前缘11开始。
在另一优选实施例中,具有渐扩后缘区域的风轮机叶片的最大厚度T与翼弦长度C的比在30%~100%的范围内。用降低前缘粗糙敏感度的渐扩后缘区域TER特别优化厚的外形,因为通常厚的外形的前缘粗糙度性能差。
虽然已经参考优选实施例充分说明了本发明,但是显然在本发明的范围内可以引入修改,修改不受实施例限定,而受权利要求的内容限定。
Claims (6)
1、具有空气动力学外形(5)的风轮机叶片,空气动力学外形具有前缘(11)、后缘(13)以及在前缘(11)与后缘(13)之间的吸力和压力侧(17、19),其特征在于所述外形(5)包括在风轮机叶片的至少一部分中、横截面在后缘(13)方向增大的后缘区域TER。
2、根据权利要求1所述的风轮机叶片,其特征在于压力侧(19)在后缘区域TER的区域(31)具有凹曲表面。
3、根据权利要求2所述的风轮机叶片,其特征在于所述区域(31)的假想切线与后缘区域TER的吸力侧(17)的区域(33)的假想切线之间的角B在0~45度的范围内。
4、根据权利要求1-3任一所述的风轮机叶片,其特征在于后缘区域从对应于翼弦长度C的72%的翼弦位置的横截面位置延伸到100%的翼弦位置,从前缘(11)到后缘(13)进行测量。
5、根据权利要求1-4任一所述的风轮机叶片,其特征在于后缘区域(13)的厚度Te在翼弦长度C的2%~20%的范围内。
6、根据权利要求1-5任一所述的风轮机叶片,其特征在于具有在后缘(13)方向横截面增大的后缘区域TER的叶片的最大厚度T与翼弦长度C的比在30%~100%的范围内。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ESP200601444 | 2006-05-31 | ||
ES200601444A ES2294927B1 (es) | 2006-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Pala de aerogenerador con borde de salida divergente. |
PCT/ES2007/000312 WO2007138136A1 (es) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-29 | Pala de aerogenerador con borde de salida divergente |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN101454565A true CN101454565A (zh) | 2009-06-10 |
CN101454565B CN101454565B (zh) | 2012-02-08 |
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ID=38778154
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN2007800192512A Expired - Fee Related CN101454565B (zh) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-29 | 具有渐扩后缘的风轮机叶片 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8182232B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2022979B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101454565B (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2294927B1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2022979T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007138136A1 (zh) |
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CN103270296A (zh) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-08-28 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 风车叶片及具备该风车叶片的风力发电装置以及风车叶片的设计方法 |
CN103328322A (zh) * | 2010-10-27 | 2013-09-25 | 奥斯曼·库丘 | 具有增大压力侧表面的高效螺旋桨叶片 |
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DE69420603T2 (de) | 1993-03-13 | 1999-12-30 | Gkn Westland Helicopters Ltd | Drehbare Blätter |
DK9500009U3 (da) | 1995-01-10 | 1996-04-10 | Stiesdal Bonus Energy A Henrik | Organ til forbedring af en vindmølles virkningsgrad |
DE50115739D1 (de) * | 1999-12-31 | 2011-01-27 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Flügelprofil mit leistungs-steigernder Hinterkante |
DE10021850A1 (de) * | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-08 | Olaf Frommann | Adaptive Profilierung für Windenergierotoren |
CA2359535A1 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-04-22 | Paul Stearns | Wind turbine blade |
US7059833B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2006-06-13 | Bonus Energy A/S | Method for improvement of the efficiency of a wind turbine rotor |
DE10307682A1 (de) | 2002-06-05 | 2004-01-08 | Aloys Wobben | Rotorblatt einer Windenergieanlage |
US6749401B2 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-06-15 | Arthur Vanmoor | Hydrodynamically and aerodynamically optimized leading edge structure for propellers, wings, and airfoils |
DE10319246A1 (de) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-12-16 | Aloys Wobben | Rotorblatt einer Windenergieanlage |
EP1845258A1 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wind turbine rotor blade |
-
2006
- 2006-05-31 ES ES200601444A patent/ES2294927B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-05-29 CN CN2007800192512A patent/CN101454565B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-29 US US12/301,695 patent/US8182232B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-29 ES ES07788560.6T patent/ES2564102T3/es active Active
- 2007-05-29 WO PCT/ES2007/000312 patent/WO2007138136A1/es active Application Filing
- 2007-05-29 EP EP07788560.6A patent/EP2022979B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2007-05-29 PL PL07788560T patent/PL2022979T3/pl unknown
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102312770A (zh) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-11 | Lm玻璃纤维制品有限公司 | 具有可变后缘的风力涡轮机叶片 |
CN102312770B (zh) * | 2010-07-06 | 2016-01-20 | Lm玻璃纤维制品有限公司 | 具有可变后缘的风力涡轮机叶片 |
CN103328322A (zh) * | 2010-10-27 | 2013-09-25 | 奥斯曼·库丘 | 具有增大压力侧表面的高效螺旋桨叶片 |
CN103328322B (zh) * | 2010-10-27 | 2016-05-25 | 奥斯曼·库丘 | 增加了接触表面的高效螺旋桨 |
CN103270296A (zh) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-08-28 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 风车叶片及具备该风车叶片的风力发电装置以及风车叶片的设计方法 |
CN103270296B (zh) * | 2011-10-12 | 2014-05-07 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 风车叶片及具备该风车叶片的风力发电装置以及风车叶片的设计方法 |
CN103147930A (zh) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-12 | 上海电气风能有限公司 | 一种风机叶片大后缘结构 |
CN103711655A (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | 一种大厚度钝尾缘风力机叶片 |
CN103711655B (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | 一种大厚度钝尾缘风力机叶片 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007138136A1 (es) | 2007-12-06 |
ES2294927B1 (es) | 2009-02-16 |
CN101454565B (zh) | 2012-02-08 |
ES2294927A1 (es) | 2008-04-01 |
US8182232B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
EP2022979A4 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
EP2022979A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
ES2564102T3 (es) | 2016-03-17 |
EP2022979B1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
US20090263252A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
PL2022979T3 (pl) | 2016-04-29 |
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