CA2512189A1 - Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2512189A1
CA2512189A1 CA002512189A CA2512189A CA2512189A1 CA 2512189 A1 CA2512189 A1 CA 2512189A1 CA 002512189 A CA002512189 A CA 002512189A CA 2512189 A CA2512189 A CA 2512189A CA 2512189 A1 CA2512189 A1 CA 2512189A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
wind turbines
wind
shaft
pair
turbines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002512189A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2512189C (en
Inventor
Robert Nason Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WIND HARVEST Co
Original Assignee
Wind Harvest Company
Robert Nason Thomas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wind Harvest Company, Robert Nason Thomas filed Critical Wind Harvest Company
Publication of CA2512189A1 publication Critical patent/CA2512189A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2512189C publication Critical patent/CA2512189C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • F03D7/0248—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking by mechanical means acting on the power train
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • F03D7/0252—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking with aerodynamic drag devices on the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/96—Mounting on supporting structures or systems as part of a wind turbine farm
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Abstract

A pair of vertical axis wind turbines (1) are arranged in close proximity to each other so that their vortices interact with each other to provide enhanc ed aerodynamic efficiency. The wind turbines (1) are spaced as closely as possible while providing for machine and personnel safety. Adjacent wind turbines (1) rotate in opposite directions to enhance the coupled vortex effect. The vertical axis wind turbines (1) may be located underneath a row of horizontal axis turbines in a "bush-tree" configuration to provide greater energy extraction from a parcel of land. The vertical axis turbine (1) includes a simple, redundant, fail-safe braking system (14, 15) that self- resets after a fault condition clears. The braking system includes mechanica l (14, 15) and aerodynamic (23) braking and also includes a speed governor tha t stops the wind turbine even in the event that the primary brake fails.</SDOA B>

Claims (20)

1. A pair of lift-based wind turbines wherein each wind turbine comprises:
a shaft that rotates about a vertical axis, a blade attached to said shaft for rotation therewith wherein said blade is spaced radially outward from said shaft by a predetermined radius, and a braking system that applies aerodynamic braking when said braking system is activated, wherein the shafts of said pair of lift-based wind turbines are separated from each other by a distance that is less than three times said radius and greater than two times said radius and wherein aerodynamic interaction between said wind turbines increases the efficiency thereof.
2. The wind turbines of claim 1 wherein said shaft of a first one of said wind turbines rotates in a first predetermined direction and said shaft of a second one of said wind turbines rotates in the opposite direction as said one of said wind turbines.
3. The wind turbines of claim 1 wherein said shafts of said pair of wind turbines are separated from each other by a distance that is greater than two times said radius but less than two times said radius plus ten feet.
4. The wind turbines of claim 3 wherein said shafts of said pair of wind turbines are separated from each other by a distance that is greater than two times said radius but less than two times said radius plus 5 feet.
5. The wind turbines of claim 3 wherein said shafts of said pair of wind turbines are separated from each other by a distance that substantially equal to two times said radius plus 3 feet.
6. The wind turbines of claim 1 wherein said wind turbines have a rotor solidity that is greater than 30% and less than 40%.
7. The wind turbines of claim 6 wherein said wind turbines have a rotor solidity that is substantially 33%.
8. The wind turbines of claim 1 wherein said braking system is a fail-safe braking system.
9. The wind turbines of claim 8 wherein said braking system is self-resetting.
10. The wind turbines of claim 8 wherein said braking system includes a pneumatic actuator.
11. The wind turbines of claim 10 wherein a single air compressor provides compressed air for said pneumatic actuator for both wind turbines in said pair of wind turbines.
12. The wind turbines of claim 1 further comprising a third wind turbine wherein said third wind turbine comprises:
a tower;
a shaft that rotates about a substantially horizontal axis;
a blade attached to said shaft for rotation therewith wherein the swept path of said blade defines a rotor with upper and lower extreme heights; and wherein said horizontal axis wind turbine is arranged adjacent said pair of vertical axis wind turbines such that said lower extreme height of said horizontal axis wind turbine is taller than the top of said vertical axis wind turbines.
13. The wind turbines of claim 1 wherein said wind turbines are installed at a location with a prevailing wind direction and wherein a line between the shafts of said pair of wind turbines is substantially perpendicular to said prevailing wind direction.
14. The wind turbines of claim 1 adapted to provide generally unobstructed flow of wind between the wind turbines.
15. A pair of lift-based wind turbines wherein each wind turbine comprises:
a shaft that rotates about a vertical axis, and a blade attached to said shaft for rotation therewith wherein said blade is spaced radially outward from said shaft by a predetermined radius, and a braking system that applies aerodynamic braking when said braking system is activated, wherein the shafts of said pair of lift-based wind turbines are separated from each other by a distance that is less than three times said radius, wherein said pair of lift-based wind turbines are adapted to provide generally unobstructed flow of wind between the wind turbines.
16. The wind turbines of claim 15 wherein said shaft of a first one of said wind turbines rotates in a first predetermined direction and said shaft of a second one of said wind turbines rotates in the opposite direction as said first one of said wind turbines.
17 17. The wind turbines of claim 15 wherein said wind turbines are installed at a location with a prevailing wind direction and wherein a line between the shafts of said pair of wind turbines is substantially perpendicular to said prevailing wind direction.
18. The wind turbines of claim 15 further comprising a third wind turbine wherein said third wind turbine comprises:
a tower, a shaft that rotates about a substantially horizontal axis, a blade attached to said shaft for rotation therewith wherein the swept path of said blade defines a rotor with upper and lower extreme heights, and wherein said horizontal axis wind turbine is arranged adjacent said pair of vertical axis wind turbines such that said lower extreme height of said horizontal axis wind turbine is taller than the top of said vertical axis wind turbines.
19. The wind turbines of claim 15 wherein said wind turbines further comprise a fail-safe braking system.
20. The wind turbines of claim 19 wherein said braking system is self-resetting.
CA2512189A 2002-01-25 2003-01-24 Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine Expired - Fee Related CA2512189C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/056,946 2002-01-25
US10/056,946 US6784566B2 (en) 2001-01-25 2002-01-25 Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine
PCT/US2003/002343 WO2003064852A1 (en) 2002-01-25 2003-01-24 Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2512189A1 true CA2512189A1 (en) 2003-08-07
CA2512189C CA2512189C (en) 2012-09-04

Family

ID=27658203

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2512189A Expired - Fee Related CA2512189C (en) 2002-01-25 2003-01-24 Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US6784566B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1478848B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4351064B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100950821B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1332132C (en)
AT (1) ATE333587T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003209384B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0307217B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2512189C (en)
CY (1) CY1105710T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60306901T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1478848T3 (en)
EA (1) EA007442B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2269982T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1080922A1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA04007141A (en)
PT (1) PT1478848E (en)
WO (1) WO2003064852A1 (en)

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KR20040097122A (en) 2004-11-17
JP4351064B2 (en) 2009-10-28
ES2269982T3 (en) 2007-04-01
BR0307217A (en) 2004-12-07
CN1332132C (en) 2007-08-15
EP1478848B1 (en) 2006-07-19
EA007442B1 (en) 2006-10-27
US20020105190A1 (en) 2002-08-08
HK1080922A1 (en) 2006-05-04
KR100950821B1 (en) 2010-04-02
ATE333587T1 (en) 2006-08-15
EP1478848A1 (en) 2004-11-24
EA200400975A1 (en) 2005-02-24
US6784566B2 (en) 2004-08-31
CY1105710T1 (en) 2010-12-22
DE60306901T2 (en) 2007-03-01
CN1643250A (en) 2005-07-20
PT1478848E (en) 2006-12-29
CA2512189C (en) 2012-09-04
DK1478848T3 (en) 2006-11-20
AU2003209384B2 (en) 2008-01-31
JP2005516159A (en) 2005-06-02
MXPA04007141A (en) 2005-12-12
BR0307217B1 (en) 2012-09-18
EP1478848A4 (en) 2005-05-04
WO2003064852A1 (en) 2003-08-07
DE60306901D1 (en) 2006-08-31

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