CA2491833C - Method for operating a wind power plant - Google Patents

Method for operating a wind power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2491833C
CA2491833C CA2491833A CA2491833A CA2491833C CA 2491833 C CA2491833 C CA 2491833C CA 2491833 A CA2491833 A CA 2491833A CA 2491833 A CA2491833 A CA 2491833A CA 2491833 C CA2491833 C CA 2491833C
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
rotor
wind turbine
currents
windings
unit
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA2491833A
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French (fr)
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CA2491833A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Buecker
Wilhelm Janssen
Henning Luetze
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of CA2491833A1 publication Critical patent/CA2491833A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2491833C publication Critical patent/CA2491833C/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/42—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output to obtain desired frequency without varying speed of the generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/007—Control circuits for doubly fed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines

Abstract

A method of operating a wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine may include rotor windings of an induction generator, which includes stator coils coupled to a voltage grid, fed with rotor currents by a feed-in unit are driven by a rotor of the wind turbine; wherein the frequencies of the fed-in rotor currents are controlled depending on the rotor rotation frequency and the feed-in unit is electrically decoupled from the rotor windings in the case predetermined variations of the grid voltage amplitude and the rotor current feed-in is resumed after the decoupling caused by the variation of the grid voltage amplitude, when the currents generated in the rotor windings by the variation have declined to a predetermined value.

Claims (91)

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A method of operating a wind turbine, comprising:
driving a rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by a feed-in unit to rotor windings of an induction generator, which comprises stator coils coupled to a voltage grid;
controlling the frequencies of the fed-in rotor currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency;
electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in case of variations of the grid voltage that generate rotor currents in the rotor windings capable of damaging electrical components of the wind turbine; and resuming the driving of the rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by the feed-in unit to rotor windings of the induction generator when the rotor currents generated in the rotor windings by the variations of the grid voltage have declined and prior to the grid voltage amplitude stabilizing.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the feed-in unit comprises a converter, and the step of electrically decoupling occurs in case of variations of the grid voltage that generate rotor currents in the rotor windings capable of damaging the converter of the feed-in unit.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein feeding rotor currents comprises feeding the rotor currents via a converter coupled to the grid voltage, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein feeding rotor currents comprises feeding the rotor currents via the converter coupled to the grid voltage, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein during the decoupling the grid-sided grid converter remains coupled to the voltage grid and rotor-sided rotor current converter is blocked.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein electrically decoupling comprises short-circuiting the rotor windings.
7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the driving of the rotor is resumed after a period of time sufficient for the rotor currents in the rotor windings to have declined.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the period of time is in the range of 50 msec. to 200 msec.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the range is 50 to 150 msec.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the range is 100 to 200 msec.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the period of time is less than 150 msec.
12. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6 including the step of determining whether the rotor currents in the windings have declined, and wherein the driving of the rotor is resumed after the rotor currents have been determined to have so declined.
13. The method of any one of claims 1 to 12 including the step of electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings after resuming the driving of the rotor in the event of a recurrence of variations of the grid voltage amplitude that generate rotor currents in the rotor windings capable of damaging electrical components of the wind turbine.
14. A wind turbine, comprising:
a rotor with at least one rotor blade;
an induction generator whose rotor windings are coupled to the rotor and whose stator coils can be coupled to a voltage grid;
a feed-in unit for feeding currents into the rotor windings;
a control unit for controlling the frequency of the fed-in currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency, and an emergency unit which can be operated to electrically decouple the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in case of variations of the grid voltage amplitude that generate rotor currents in the rotor windings capable of damaging electrical components of the wind turbine and which can be operated to electrically recouple the rotor current feed-in unit after decoupling permitting the feed-in current unit to resume feeding currents into the rotor windings of the induction generator when the rotor currents generated in the rotor windings by the variations of the grid voltage have declined and prior to the grid voltage amplitude stabilizing.
15. The wind turbine according to claim 14, wherein the rotor is coupled to the rotor windings via a gear unit.
16. The wind turbine according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the feed-in unit comprises a converter coupled to the grid voltage.
17. The wind turbine according to claim 16, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
18. The wind turbine of any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the emergency unit comprises a crow bar for short-circuiting the rotor windings.
19. The wind turbine of any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of amplitude position, phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
20. The wind turbine of claim of any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the emergency unit comprises a short-circuit element arranged to short-circuit the rotor windings.
21. The wind turbine of any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the electric decoupling comprises short-circuiting the rotor windings and electrically recoupling the rotor current feed-in comprises switching off the short-circuiting.
22. The wind turbine of any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the emergency unit recouples rotor current feed-in following the decoupling after a period of time sufficient for the rotor currents in the rotor windings to have declined.
23. The wind turbine of claim 22, wherein the period of time is in the range of 50 msec. to 200 msec.
24. The wind turbine of claim 23, wherein the range is 50 to 150 msec.
25. The wind turbine of claim 23, wherein the range is 100 to 200 msec.
26. The wind turbine of claim 22, wherein the period of time is less than 150 msec.
27. The wind turbine of any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the emergency unit recouples the current feed-in of the rotor after the rotor currents have been determined to have so declined.
28. A method of operating a wind turbine, comprising:
driving a rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by a feed-in unit to rotor windings of an induction generator, which comprises stator coils coupled to a voltage grid;
controlling the frequencies of the fed-in rotor currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency;
electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in case of predetermined variations of the grid voltage that generate rotor currents in the rotor windings; and resuming the driving of the rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by the feed-in unit to rotor windings of the induction generator when the rotor currents generated in the rotor windings by the predetermined variations of the grid voltage have declined to a predetermined value and prior to the grid voltage amplitude stabilizing.
29. The method according to claim 28, wherein feeding rotor currents comprises feeding the rotor currents via a converter coupled to the grid voltage, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
30. The method according to claim 29, wherein during the decoupling the grid-sided grid converter remains coupled to the voltage grid and rotor-sided rotor current converter is blocked.
31. The method according to claim 28, 29, or 30, wherein electrically decoupling comprises short-circuiting the rotor windings.
32. The method of any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the driving of the rotor is resumed after a period of time sufficient for the rotor currents in the rotor windings to have declined to the predetermined value.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein the period of time is in the range of 50 msec. to 200 msec.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein the range is 50 to 150 msec.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein the range is 100 to 200 msec.
36. The method of claim 32, wherein the period of time is less than 150 msec.
37. The method of any one of claims 28 to 31, including the step of determining whether the rotor currents in the windings have declined to the predetermined value, and wherein the driving of the rotor is resumed after the rotor currents have been determined to have so declined.
38. The method of any one of claims 28 to 37, including the step of electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings after resuming the driving of the rotor in the event of a recurrence of predetermined variations of the grid voltage amplitude.
39. A wind turbine, comprising:
a rotor with at least one rotor blade;

an induction generator whose rotor windings are coupled to the rotor and whose stator coils can be coupled to a voltage grid;
a feed-in unit for feeding currents into the rotor windings;
a control unit for controlling the frequency of the fed-in currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency, and an emergency unit which can be operated to electrically decouple the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in case of variations of the grid voltage amplitude that generate rotor currents in the rotor windings and to electrically recouple the rotor current feed-in unit after decoupling permitting the feed-in current unit to resume feeding currents into the rotor windings of the induction generator when the rotor currents generated in the rotor windings by the predetermined variations of the grid voltage have declined to a predetermined value and prior to the grid voltage amplitude stabilizing.
40. The wind turbine according to claim 39, wherein the rotor is coupled to the rotor windings via a gear unit.
41. The wind turbine according to claim 39 or 40, wherein the feed-in unit comprises a converter coupled to the grid voltage.
42. The wind turbine according to claim 41, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
43. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 39 to 42, wherein the emergency unit comprises a crow bar for short-circuiting the rotor windings.
44. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of the amplitude position, the phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
45. The wind turbine of any one of claims 39 to 44, wherein the emergency unit comprises a short-circuit element arranged to short-circuit the rotor windings.
46. The wind turbine of any one of claims 39 to 44, wherein the electric decoupling comprises short-circuiting the rotor windings and electrically recoupling the rotor current feed-in comprises switching off the short-circuiting.
47. The wind turbine of any one of claims 39 to 46, wherein the emergency unit recouples rotor current feed-in following the decoupling after a period of time sufficient for the rotor currents in the rotor windings to have declined to the predetermined value.
48. The wind turbine of claim 47, wherein the period of time is in the range of 50 msec. to 200 msec.
49. The wind turbine of claim 48, wherein the range is 50 to 150 msec.
50. The wind turbine of claim 48, wherein the range is 100 to 200 msec.
51. The wind turbine of claim 47, wherein the period of time is less than 150 msec.
52. The wind turbine of any one of claims 39 to 46, wherein the emergency unit decouples the current feed-in of the rotor after the rotor currents have been determined to have so declined.
53. A method of operating a wind turbine, comprising:
driving a rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by a feed-in unit to rotor windings of an induction generator, which comprises stator coils coupled to a voltage grid;
controlling the frequencies of the fed-in rotor currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency;
electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in the case of predetermined variations of the grid voltage amplitude by an emergency unit;
releasing the fed-in rotor currents after electrically decoupling the feed-in unit using a release arrangement of the emergency unit; and when the rotor currents in the rotor windings by the variation have declined to a predetermined value, resuming the driving of the rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by the feed-in unit to rotor windings of the induction generator after the decoupling caused by the variation of the grid voltage amplitude.
54. The method according to claim 53, wherein feeding rotor currents comprises feeding the rotor currents via a converter coupled to the grid voltage, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
55. The method according to claim 54, wherein during the decoupling the grid-sided grid converter remains coupled to the voltage grid and rotor-sided rotor current converter is blocked.
56. The method according to claim 53, 54 or 55, wherein electrically decoupling comprises short-circuiting the rotor windings.
57. A wind turbine, comprising:
a rotor with at least one rotor blade, the rotor being rotatably arranged with regard to a substantially horizontal rotor axis;
an induction generator whose rotor windings are coupled to the rotor and whose stator coils can be coupled to a voltage grid;
a feed-in unit for feeding currents into the rotor windings;
a control unit for controlling the frequency of the fed-in currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency, and an emergency unit which can be operated to electrically decouple the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in case of variations of the grid voltage amplitude, wherein the emergency unit comprises a release arrangement for releasing the rotor current feed-in after decoupling, when the currents generated in the rotor windings by variation of the grid voltage amplitude triggering the decoupling are declined to a predetermined value.
58. The wind turbine according to claim 57, wherein the rotor is coupled to the rotor windings via a gear unit.
59. The wind turbine according to claim 57, wherein the feed-in unit comprises a converter coupled to the grid voltage.
60. The wind turbine according to claim 59, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
61. The wind turbine according to claim 57, wherein the emergency unit comprises a crow bar for short-circuiting the rotor windings.
62. The wind turbine according to claim 57, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of the amplitude position, the phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
63. The wind turbine of claim 58, wherein the feed-in unit comprises a converter coupled to the grid voltage.
64. The wind turbine of claim 63, wherein the converter is an intermediate DC voltage converter with a rotor-sided rotor current converter and a grid-sided grid converter.
65. The wind turbine of claim 58, wherein the emergency unit comprises a crow bar for short-circuiting the rotor windings.
66. The wind turbine of claim 59, wherein the emergency unit comprises a crow bar for short-circuiting the rotor windings.
67. The wind turbine of claim 60, wherein the emergency unit comprises a crow bar for short-circuiting the rotor windings.
68. The wind turbine of claim 58, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of the amplitude position, the phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
69. The wind turbine of claim 59, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of the amplitude position, the phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
70. The wind turbine of claim 60, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of the amplitude position, the phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
71. The wind turbine of claim 61, wherein the control unit is adapted for controlling one of the amplitude position, the phase position and both of the currents fed into the rotor windings.
72. The method of claim 53, wherein the driving of the rotor is resumed after a period of time sufficient for the rotor currents in the rotor windings to have declined to the predetermined value.
73. The method of claim 53, wherein the wind turbine is capable of resuming the driving of the rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by the feed-in unit to rotor windings prior to stabilizing the grid voltage amplitude.
74. The method of claim 72, wherein the period of time is in the range of 50 msec. to 200 msec.
75. The method of claim 74, wherein the range is 50 to 150 msec.
76. The method of claim 74, wherein the range is 100 to 200 msec.
77. The method of claim 72, wherein the period of time is less than 150 msec.
78. The method of claim 53, including the step of determining whether the rotor currents in the windings have declined to the predetermined value, and wherein the driving of the rotor is resumed after the rotor currents have been determined to have so declined.
79. The method of claim 53, including the step of electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings after resuming the driving of the rotor in the event of a recurrence of predetermined variations of the grid voltage amplitude.
80. The wind turbine of claim 57, wherein the release element comprises a short-circuit element arranged to short-circuit the rotor windings.
81. The wind turbine of claim 57, wherein the electric decoupling comprises short-circuiting the rotor windings and releasing the rotor current feed-in comprises switching off the short-circuiting.
82. The wind turbine of claim 57, wherein the release arrangement releases rotor current feed-in following the decoupling after a period of time sufficient for the rotor currents in the rotor windings to have declined to the predetermined value.
83. The wind turbine of claim 82, wherein the period of time is in the range of 50 msec. to 200 msec.
84. The wind turbine of claim 83, wherein the range is 50 to 150 msec.
85. The wind turbine of claim 83, wherein the range is 100 to 200 msec.
86. The wind turbine of claim 82, wherein the period of time is less than 150 msec.
87. The wind turbine of claim 57, wherein the release arrangement releases the current feed-in of the rotor after the rotor currents have been determined to have so declined.
88. The wind turbine of claim 57, wherein the feed-in unit is a converter.
89. The wind turbine of claim 57, wherein the release arrangement is capable to release the current feed-in of the rotor currents prior to the stabilization of the grid voltage amplitude.
90. A method of operating a wind turbine, comprising:

driving a rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by a feed-in unit to rotor windings of an induction generator, which comprises stator coils coupled to a voltage grid;
controlling the frequencies of the fed-in rotor currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency;
electrically decoupling the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in the case of predetermined variations of the grid voltage amplitude by an emergency unit;
releasing the fed-in rotor currents after electrically decoupling the feed-in unit using a release arrangement of the emergency unit; and when the rotor currents in the rotor windings by the variation have declined to a predetermined value, resuming the driving of the rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by the feed-in unit to rotor windings of the induction generator after the decoupling caused by the variation of the grid voltage amplitude, and wherein the resuming the driving of the rotor of the wind turbine by feeding rotor currents by the feed-in unit to rotor windings occurs prior to the grid voltage amplitude stabilizing.
91. A wind turbine, comprising:
a rotor with at least one rotor blade, the rotor being rotatably arranged with regard to a substantially horizontal rotor axis;
an induction generator whose rotor windings are coupled to the rotor and whose stator coils can be coupled to a voltage grid;
a feed-in unit for feeding currents into the rotor windings;
a control unit for controlling the frequency of the fed-in currents depending on the rotor rotation frequency, and an emergency unit which can be operated to electrically decouple the feed-in unit from the rotor windings in case of variations of the grid voltage amplitude, wherein the emergency unit comprises a release arrangement for releasing the rotor current feed-in after decoupling, when the currents generated in the rotor windings by variation of the grid voltage amplitude triggering the decoupling have declined to a predetermined value and wherein the release arrangement resumes the current feed-in of the rotor currents prior to the grid voltage amplitude variations stabilizing.
CA2491833A 2002-07-17 2003-07-17 Method for operating a wind power plant Expired - Fee Related CA2491833C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10232423A DE10232423A1 (en) 2002-07-17 2002-07-17 Method for operating a wind energy installation and wind energy installation for executing such a method
DE10232423.9 2002-07-17
PCT/EP2003/007776 WO2004008627A1 (en) 2002-07-17 2003-07-17 Method for operating a wind power plant and method for operating it

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2491833A1 CA2491833A1 (en) 2004-01-22
CA2491833C true CA2491833C (en) 2014-10-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2491833A Expired - Fee Related CA2491833C (en) 2002-07-17 2003-07-17 Method for operating a wind power plant

Country Status (9)

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US (2) US7321221B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1525658A1 (en)
CN (1) CN100367661C (en)
AU (1) AU2003250089B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0312898A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2491833C (en)
CZ (1) CZ200529A3 (en)
DE (1) DE10232423A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004008627A1 (en)

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US7321221B2 (en) 2008-01-22
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US20080093854A1 (en) 2008-04-24
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US20060163881A1 (en) 2006-07-27
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